通過能源管理解決方案實現減緩氣候變化

虛擬發電廠 (VPP) 和分佈式能源管理系統 (DERMS) 等能源管理解決方案為提高可再生能源發電量和實現完全擺脫化石燃料的轉型創造了機會。通過優化可再生能源輸出、儲能資源運行和靈活的負載控制，能源管理解決方案可以顯著降低運營成本，同時減少排放。

本報告提供了有關能源管理解決方案（例如虛擬發電廠 (VPP)、分佈式能源資源管理系統 (DERMS) 和需求響應）在從化石燃料過渡中的作用的信息。

內容

前言

背景

建議

全球減少溫室氣體排放的努力

• 電網不斷增長的可再生能源總容量
• 分佈式能源資源以創建更複雜的網格結構
• 更多的最終用途正在轉向電動

維持淨零排放電網可靠性所需的新方法和技術

• 一種將負載視為資源□□並支持可再生能源調度的能源管理解決方案
• 可減少排放和運營成本的 VPP

電錶雙方需要合作的利益相關者

• 需要為新能源解決方案營造支持性監管和市場環境的系統運營商和監管機構
• 需要與公用事業和能源用戶更密切合作的 DER 解決方案提供商
• 大型能源用戶需要進一步探索實現氣候中和的策略
• 案例研究：到 2030 年，Google 將使用無碳能源 24/7 運營

Sustained greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have caused, and are continuing to cause catastrophic damage to the environment, economy, and human health all over the world. In response, all customer segments are increasing their efforts to achieve climate neutrality in their operations. With more renewable energy capacity coming online and distributed energy resource (DER) installations increasing behind-the-meter, supply side volatility is worsening and a more complicated power flow structure on the grid is forming. Energy management solutions like virtual power plants (VPPs) and distributed energy resource management systems (DERMSs) create an opportunity to firm up renewable generation output and enable a transition entirely away from fossil fuels.

To maintain reliable power grid operations in a climate neutral world, utilities and grid operators will require new technologies, strategies, and solutions. Energy management solutions can make use of both clean supply and demand side resources connected to a territory's grid. In addition to maximizing the value of these resources, energy management solutions can use them to displace traditional power generation technologies. By optimizing renewable generation output, energy storage resource operation, and flexible load control, energy management solutions can drastically reduce operating costs while simultaneously eliminating emissions.

This Guidehouse Insights report discusses the role that energy management solutions like VPPs, DERMSs, and demand response can play in the transition from fossil fuels. It provides recommendations to key stakeholders to increase the opportunities for, and the effectiveness of energy management solutions as the world seeks to achieve climate neutrality in the coming decades.

KEY QUESTIONS ADDRESSED:

• What are energy management solutions?

• What is driving the need for new energy technologies in grid management?

• How do energy management solutions function on the power grid?

• How can energy management solutions support a path to climate neutrality?

• What role does beneficial electrification play in the energy transition?

• What can various stakeholders do to drive the adoption of energy management solutions?

WHO NEEDS THIS REPORT:

• Regulators and policymakers
• Utilities
• Grid operators
• DER vendors
• VPP software providers
• DERMS vendors
• DER aggregators
• Commercial, industrial, and institutional energy consumers

Table of Contents

Spark

Context

Recommendations

Efforts to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions Are Increasing Worldwide

• Total Renewable Energy Capacity on the Grid Is Increasing
• Distributed Energy Resources Are Creating a More Complex Grid Structure
• More End Uses Are Switching to Electricity

New Methods and Technologies Are Required to Maintain a Reliable Net-Zero Emissions Grid

• Energy Management Solutions Can Treat Loads as Resources and Make Renewable Generation Dispatchable
• VPPs Can Reduce Emissions and Operating Costs

Stakeholders on Both Sides of the Meter Must Collaborate

• System Operators and Regulators Must Create Supportive Regulatory and Market Environments for New Energy Solutions
• DER Solution Providers Must Engage More with Utilities and Energy Users
• Large Energy Users Must Further Explore Strategies on Their Own to Become Climate Neutral
• Case Study: Google 24/7 Carbon-Free Energy by 2030

LIST OF CHARTS AND FIGURES

• CAISO Net Load Chart (Duck Curve)
• Conceptual VPP Diagram
• Value Proposition of DER and Energy Management Programs