封面
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1361327

全球硬脂酸市場,按類型(動物基、植物性)、最終用途(肥皂和洗滌劑、個人護理、紡織品、潤滑劑、橡膠加工等)、按地區、競爭、預測和機遇,2018-2028F

Global Stearic Acid Market, By Type (Animal Based, Vegetable Based), By End Use (Soaps & Detergents, Personal Care, Textiles, Lubricants, Rubber Processing and Others), By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2018-2028F

出版日期: | 出版商: TechSci Research | 英文 182 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

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簡介目錄

2022年全球硬脂酸市場價值為878萬噸,預計在預測期內將出現強勁成長,到2028年年複合成長率(CAGR)為6.33%,預計到2028年將達到1160萬噸硬脂酸,又稱十八烷酸,應用於食品、化妝品、橡膠、醫藥等多個行業。它源自棕櫚油和玉米等材料,不溶於水。此外,硬脂酸也用於肥皂、洗髮精和蠟燭的生產。它還可以用作鋁和鐵等金屬粉末的塗層,延長其保存期限。全球各產業對中間體和添加劑的需求不斷成長是預測期內市場預期成長的關鍵驅動力。此外,汽車行業擴大採用硬脂酸預計將進一步推動市場擴張。此外,消費者對個人健康和衛生意識的提高預計將有助於市場成長。此外,硬脂酸在金屬清潔和蠟燭製造中的使用增加將在不久的將來推動市場的成長。

主要市場促進因素

汽車產業需求激增

市場概況
預測期 2024-2028
2022 年市場規模 878萬噸
2028F 市場規模 1160萬噸
2023-2028 年年複合成長率 6.33%
成長最快的細分市場 個人護理
最大的市場 亞太地區

硬脂酸在汽車領域的地位日益突出,推動了市場的成長。由於汽車產業注重提高車內舒適度和美觀度,硬脂酸發揮著至關重要的作用。它用於生產汽車座椅、儀表板和其他內裝部件的材料,有助於打造美觀且舒適的內裝。此外,硬脂酸還可用於輪胎製造,提高輪胎性能和耐用性。不斷成長的汽車市場導致對高品質輪胎的需求增加,從而刺激了硬脂酸的需求。此外,硬脂酸對於生產密封件、墊圈和軟管等橡膠部件至關重要,這對車輛的功能和安全至關重要。汽車產量的不斷成長推動了這些應用中對硬脂酸的需求。硬脂酸的潤滑特性對於汽車潤滑油和塗料非常有價值,可提高效率和性能。隨著汽車工業採用先進材料,硬脂酸的使用量不斷增加。此外,硬脂酸的永續採購符合該行業的環境目標。

硬脂酸在金屬加工工業的使用不斷增加

硬脂酸的多功能性在金屬加工產業中顯而易見。它充當潤滑劑、脫模劑和防腐劑,增強金屬加工過程。在壓鑄中,硬脂酸可減少摩擦,從而使脫模更順暢並改善表面光潔度。它還在金屬表面形成保護層,防止腐蝕。硬脂酸的潤滑特性可最大限度地減少拉絲和金屬成型中的摩擦,改善工具磨損和表面光潔度。它在粉末冶金中用作金屬粉末的黏合劑,增強燒結過程中的均勻性並控制收縮。硬脂酸用於擠壓和鍛造,減少金屬變形所需的能量。它的應用擴展到汽車潤滑油和塗料,提高性能。此外,硬脂酸有助於汽車零件的防腐處理。

蠟燭生產中硬脂酸用量的增加

硬脂酸在蠟燭生產中的作用越來越大。它提高了蠟燭的硬度,減少了熔化和滴落的趨勢,並延長了燃燒時間。它最大限度地減少煙灰的形成並確保蠟燭均勻燃燒。硬脂酸的客製化選項對手工蠟燭製造商很有吸引力。它對於香氛蠟燭至關重要,可確保香味均勻擴散。隨著手工蠟燭製作越來越受歡迎,對硬脂酸的需求也增加。

主要市場挑戰

原料供應和成本波動

硬脂酸的生產取決於植物油和動物脂肪等原料。供應中斷或其他行業的需求增加可能導致短缺和成本波動。原料價格的波動會影響生產成本,進而影響利潤率。供應鏈中斷可能導致延誤和成本增加。

環境議題與永續發展

硬脂酸的生產和採購引起了環境問題,包括碳足跡、森林砍伐和棲息地喪失。永續採購和生產對於解決這些問題至關重要。製造過程會產生廢棄物和污染物,影響當地生態系統。

主要市場趨勢

有機產品越來越受歡迎

有機產品的趨勢正在影響硬脂酸的採購和利用。有機硬脂酸符合消費者對天然和永續成分的偏好。有機農業實踐促進永續發展並減少對環境的影響。

細分市場洞察

類型洞察

2022 年,植物性細分市場在硬脂酸市場中佔據主導地位,預計將繼續擴大。植物硬脂酸吸引了環保意識的消費者。

應用洞察

2022 年,個人護理領域佔據市場主導地位,預計將繼續擴大。硬脂酸對於控制個人護理產品的黏度和穩定性至關重要。

區域洞察

由於中產階級的崛起和消費者支出的增加,特別是在化妝品、個人護理和食品行業,亞太地區引領全球硬脂酸市場。

主要市場參與者

  • 阿克蘇諾貝爾油脂化學品有限公司
  • 金剛砂油脂化學品
  • 寶潔化學品公司
  • PMC百健尼克斯
  • 威威富有限公司
  • 雙河
  • 豐益國際
  • 奧萊恩公司
  • 花王化學
  • 太平洋油脂化學股份有限公司

報告範圍:

在本報告中,除了以下詳細介紹的產業趨勢外,全球硬脂酸市場也分為以下幾類:

硬脂酸市場,依類型:

  • 以動物為基礎
  • 蔬菜為主

硬脂酸市場,依最終用途:

  • 肥皂和洗滌劑
  • 個人護理
  • 紡織品
  • 潤滑劑
  • 橡膠加工
  • 其他

硬脂酸市場,按地區:

  • 亞太地區
  • 北美洲
  • 歐洲
  • 中東和非洲
  • 南美洲

競爭格局:

公司簡介:全球硬脂酸市場主要公司的詳細分析。

可用的客製化:

全球硬脂酸市場報告根據給定的市場資料,TechSci Research 根據公司的具體需求提供客製化服務。該報告可以使用以下自訂選項:

公司資訊:

  • 其他市場參與者(最多五個)的詳細分析和概況分析。

目錄

第 1 章:產品概述

  • 市場定義
  • 市場範圍
    • 涵蓋的市場
    • 考慮學習的年份
    • 主要市場區隔

第 2 章:研究方法

  • 研究目的
  • 基線方法
  • 主要產業夥伴
  • 主要協會和二手資料來源
  • 預測方法
  • 數據三角測量與驗證
  • 假設和限制

第 3 章:執行摘要

  • 市場概況
  • 主要市場細分概述
  • 主要市場參與者概述
  • 重點地區/國家概況
  • 市場促進因素、挑戰與趨勢概述

第 4 章:客戶之聲

第五章:全球硬脂酸市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按價值和數量
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 依類型(動物性、蔬菜性)
    • 依最終用途(肥皂和洗滌劑、個人護理品、紡織品、潤滑劑、橡膠加工等)
    • 按地區
    • 按公司分類 (2022)
  • 市場地圖

第 6 章:北美硬脂酸市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按價值和數量
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 按類型
    • 按最終用途
    • 按國家/地區
  • 北美:國家分析
    • 美國
    • 墨西哥
    • 加拿大

第 7 章:歐洲硬脂酸市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按價值和數量
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 按類型
    • 按最終用途
    • 按國家/地區
  • 歐洲:國家分析
    • 法國
    • 德國
    • 英國
    • 義大利
    • 西班牙

第 8 章:亞太地區硬脂酸市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按價值和數量
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 按類型
    • 按最終用途
    • 按國家/地區
  • 亞太地區:國家分析
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 韓國
    • 日本
    • 澳洲

第 9 章:南美洲硬脂酸市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按價值和數量
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 按類型
    • 按最終用途
    • 按國家/地區
  • 南美洲:國家分析
    • 巴西
    • 阿根廷
    • 哥倫比亞

第10章 :中東和非洲硬脂酸市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按價值和數量
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 按類型
    • 按最終用途
    • 按國家/地區
  • MEA:國家分析
    • 南非硬脂酸
    • 沙烏地阿拉伯硬脂酸
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公國硬脂酸

第 11 章:市場動態

  • 動力
  • 挑戰

第 12 章:市場趨勢與發展

第 13 章:大環境分析

第 14 章:波特的五力分析

  • 產業競爭
  • 新進入者的潛力
  • 供應商的力量
  • 客戶的力量
  • 替代產品的威脅

第15章:競爭格局

  • 商業概覽
  • 公司概況
  • 產品與服務
  • 財務(上市公司)
  • 最近的發展
  • SWOT分析
    • Akzo Nobel Oleochemicals Limited
    • Emery Oleochemicals
    • Proctor & Gamble Chemicals
    • PMC Biogenix
    • VVF Limited
    • Twin Rivers
    • Wilmar International
    • Oleon NV
    • Kao Chemicals
    • Pacific Oleochemicals Sdn Bhd

第 16 章:策略建議

簡介目錄
Product Code: 4466

The Global Stearic Acid Market was valued at 8.78 million tonnes in 2022 and is expected to experience strong growth in the forecast period, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.33% through 2028 and is expected to reach at 11.60 million tonnes by 2028. Stearic acid, also known as octadecanoic acid, is applied across various industries, including food, cosmetics, rubber, and pharmaceuticals. It is sourced from materials such as palm oil and corn and is insoluble in water. Furthermore, stearic acid is used in soap, shampoo, and candle production. It also functions as a coating for metal powders, like aluminum and iron, extending their shelf life. The increasing demand for intermediates and additives across industries globally is a key driver for the expected growth of the market in the forecast period. Moreover, the automotive sector's growing adoption of stearic acid is projected to further propel market expansion. Additionally, rising consumer awareness regarding personal health and hygiene is anticipated to contribute to market growth. Furthermore, the increased use of stearic acid in metal cleaning and candle manufacturing is set to drive the market's growth in the near future.

Key Market Drivers

Surge in Demand from the Automotive Industry

Market Overview
Forecast Period2024-2028
Market Size 20228.78 Million Tonnes
Market Size 2028F11.60 Million Tonnes
CAGR 2023-20286.33%
Fastest Growing SegmentPersonal Care
Largest MarketAsia Pacific

Stearic acid is gaining prominence in the automotive sector, driving market growth. As the automotive industry focuses on enhancing interior comfort and aesthetics, stearic acid plays a crucial role. It is used in producing materials for car seats, dashboards, and other interior components, contributing to visually appealing and comfortable interiors. Additionally, stearic acid finds application in tire manufacturing, improving tire performance and durability. The growing automotive market results in increased demand for high-quality tires, fueling stearic acid demand. Moreover, stearic acid is vital in producing rubber components like seals, gaskets, and hoses, essential for vehicle functionality and safety. The rising vehicle production drives demand for stearic acid in these applications. Stearic acid's lubricating properties are valuable for automotive lubricants and coatings, enhancing efficiency and performance. As the automotive industry adopts advanced materials, stearic acid usage increases. Moreover, stearic acid sourced sustainably aligns with the industry's environmental goals.

Growing Use of Stearic Acid in Metal Processing Industry

Stearic acid's versatility is evident in the metal processing industry. It acts as a lubricant, release agent, and anti-corrosion agent, enhancing metalworking processes. In die casting, stearic acid reduces friction, resulting in smoother mold release and improved surface finish. It also forms a protective layer on metal surfaces, preventing corrosion. Stearic acid's lubricating properties minimize friction in wire drawing and metal forming, improving tool wear and surface finish. It serves as a binding agent for metal powders in powder metallurgy, enhancing uniformity and controlled shrinkage during sintering. Stearic acid is used in extrusion and forging, reducing energy required for metal deformation. Its application extends to automotive lubricants and coatings, enhancing performance. Additionally, stearic acid aids in anti-corrosion treatments for automotive components.

Increase in Usage of Stearic Acid in Candle Production

Stearic acid's role in candle production is growing. It improves candle hardness, reduces melting and dripping tendencies, and enhances burn time. It minimizes soot formation and ensures candles burn uniformly. Stearic acid's customization options appeal to artisanal candle makers. It is crucial for scented candles, ensuring even fragrance dispersion. As artisanal and craft candle making gains traction, demand for stearic acid rises.

Key Market Challenges

Raw Material Availability and Cost Fluctuations

Stearic acid production depends on raw materials like vegetable oils and animal fats. Supply disruptions or increased demand from other industries can lead to shortages and cost fluctuations. Fluctuations in raw material prices affect production costs, impacting profit margins. Supply chain disruptions can lead to delays and increased costs.

Environmental Concerns and Sustainability

Stearic acid production and sourcing raise environmental concerns, including carbon footprint, deforestation, and habitat loss. Sustainable sourcing and production are crucial to address these issues. Manufacturing processes can generate waste and pollutants, affecting local ecosystems.

Key Market Trends

Growing Popularity of Organic Products

The trend toward organic products is influencing stearic acid sourcing and utilization. Organic stearic acid aligns with consumer preferences for natural and sustainable ingredients. Organic farming practices promote sustainability and reduce environmental impact.

Segmental Insights

Type Insights

In 2022, the vegetable-based segment dominated the Stearic Acid market and is predicted to continue expanding. Vegetable-based stearic acid appeals to environmentally conscious consumers.

Application Insights

In 2022, the personal care segment dominated the market and is predicted to continue expanding. Stearic acid is essential for controlling viscosity and stability in personal care products.

Regional Insights

The Asia Pacific region leads the Global Stearic Acid Market due to rising middle class and increased consumer spending, especially in cosmetics, personal care, and food industries.

Key Market Players

  • Akzo Nobel Oleochemicals Limited
  • Emery Oleochemicals
  • Proctor & Gamble Chemicals
  • PMC Biogenix
  • VVF Limited
  • Twin Rivers
  • Wilmar International
  • Oleon NV
  • Kao Chemicals
  • Pacific Oleochemicals Sdn Bhd

Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Stearic Acid Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Stearic Acid Market, By Type:

  • Animal Based
  • Vegetable Based

Stearic Acid Market, By End Use:

  • Soaps & Detergents
  • Personal Care
  • Textiles
  • Lubricants
  • Rubber Processing
  • Others

Stearic Acid Market, By Region:

  • Asia Pacific
  • North America
  • Europe
  • Middle East & Africa
  • South America

Competitive Landscape:

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Stearic Acid Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Stearic Acid Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information:

  • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

  • 1.1. Market Definition
  • 1.2. Scope of the Market
    • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
    • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
    • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

  • 2.1. Objective of the Study
  • 2.2. Baseline Methodology
  • 2.3. Key Industry Partners
  • 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
  • 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
  • 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Overview of the Market
  • 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
  • 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
  • 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
  • 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, and Trends

4. Voice of Customers

5. Global Stearic Acid Market Outlook

  • 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 5.1.1. By Value & Volume
  • 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 5.2.1. By Type (Animal Based, Vegetable Based)
    • 5.2.2. By End Use (Soaps & Detergents, Personal Care, Textiles, Lubricants, Rubber Processing and Others)
    • 5.2.3. By Region
    • 5.2.4. By Company (2022)
  • 5.3. Market Map

6. North America Stearic Acid Market Outlook

  • 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 6.1.1. By Value & Volume
  • 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 6.2.1. By Type
    • 6.2.2. By End Use
    • 6.2.3. By Country
  • 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
    • 6.3.1. United States Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 6.3.1.2.2. By End Use
    • 6.3.2. Mexico Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 6.3.2.2.2. By End Use
    • 6.3.3. Canada Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 6.3.3.2.2. By End Use

7. Europe Stearic Acid Market Outlook

  • 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 7.1.1. By Value & Volume
  • 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 7.2.1. By Type
    • 7.2.2. By End Use
    • 7.2.3. By Country
  • 7.3 Europe: Country Analysis
    • 7.3.1. France Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.1.2.2. By End Use
    • 7.3.2. Germany Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.2.2.2. By End Use
    • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.3.2.2. By End Use
    • 7.3.4. Italy Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.4.2.2. By End Use
    • 7.3.5. Spain Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.5.2.2. By End Use

8. Asia-Pacific Stearic Acid Market Outlook

  • 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 8.1.1. By Value & Volume
  • 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 8.2.1. By Type
    • 8.2.2. By End Use
    • 8.2.3. By Country
  • 8.3. Asia-Pacific: Country Analysis
    • 8.3.1. China Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.1.2.2. By End Use
    • 8.3.2. India Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.2.2.2. By End Use
    • 8.3.3. South Korea Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.3.2.2. By End Use
    • 8.3.4. Japan Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.4.2.2. By End Use
    • 8.3.5. Australia Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.5.2.2. By End Use

9. South America Stearic Acid Market Outlook

  • 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 9.1.1. By Value & Volume
  • 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 9.2.1. By Type
    • 9.2.2. By End Use
    • 9.2.3. By Country
  • 9.3. South America: Country Analysis
    • 9.3.1. Brazil Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 9.3.1.2.2. By End Use
    • 9.3.2. Argentina Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 9.3.2.2.2. By End Use
    • 9.3.3. Colombia Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 9.3.3.2.2. By End Use

10. Middle East and Africa Stearic Acid Market Outlook

  • 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 10.1.1. By Value & Volume
  • 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 10.2.1. By Type
    • 10.2.2. By End Use
    • 10.2.3. By Country
  • 10.3. MEA: Country Analysis
    • 10.3.1. South Africa Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 10.3.1.2.2. By End Use
    • 10.3.2. Saudi Arabia Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 10.3.2.2.2. By End Use
    • 10.3.3. UAE Stearic Acid Market Outlook
      • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value & Volume
      • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 10.3.3.2.2. By End Use

11. Market Dynamics

  • 11.1. Drivers
  • 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

13. PESTLE Analysis

14. Porter's Five Forces Analysis

  • 14.1. Competition in the Industry
  • 14.2. Potential of New Entrants
  • 14.3. Power of Suppliers
  • 14.4. Power of Customers
  • 14.5. Threat of Substitute Product

15. Competitive Landscape

  • 15.1. Business Overview
  • 15.2. Company Snapshot
  • 15.3. Products & Services
  • 15.4. Financials (In case of listed companies)
  • 15.5. Recent Developments
  • 15.6. SWOT Analysis
    • 15.6.1. Akzo Nobel Oleochemicals Limited
    • 15.6.2. Emery Oleochemicals
    • 15.6.3. Proctor & Gamble Chemicals
    • 15.6.4. PMC Biogenix
    • 15.6.5. VVF Limited
    • 15.6.6. Twin Rivers
    • 15.6.7. Wilmar International
    • 15.6.8. Oleon NV
    • 15.6.9. Kao Chemicals
    • 15.6.10. Pacific Oleochemicals Sdn Bhd

16. Strategic Recommendations