血漿分餾市場 - 全球行業規模、份額、趨勢、機會和預測,2018-2028 年:按產品、方法、應用、最終用戶、地理細分、競爭
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血漿分餾市場 - 全球行業規模、份額、趨勢、機會和預測,2018-2028 年:按產品、方法、應用、最終用戶、地理細分、競爭

Plasma Fractionation Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, 2018-2028 Segmented by Product, By Method, By Application, By End User, By Region, and Competition

出版日期: | 出版商: TechSci Research | 英文 113 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

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簡介目錄

在預測期內,全球血漿分離市場預計將出現令人矚目的增長。

這是由於慢性病在所有年齡段的患病率都在增加,包括免疫紊亂和危重疾病,以及對用於治療慢性病的免疫球蛋白的需求不斷增加。 此外,血液和呼吸系統疾病患病率的增加,以及疾病治療技術的進步,顯著增加了世界不同地區對血漿分離的需求。 此外,預計到 2028 年,全球容易患各種慢性病的老年人口不斷增加,也將進一步增加對血漿分餾的需求,並推動市場增長。 此外,全球對使用血漿分餾診斷慢性病的好處的認識不斷提高,預計也將在預測期內進一步推動血漿分餾市場。 此外,與免疫球蛋白相關的研究和開發活動的增加預計將進一步增加對牙齒輪廓的需求。 根據 Statista 的數據,截至 2022 年,約 51% 的 Bernard-Soulier 綜合徵患者為女性,49% 為男性。

免疫缺陷患病率上升

血液學和免疫學疾病的發病率上升,白蛋白和免疫球蛋白等重要血漿產品的超適應症使用是預測期內推動市場增長的主要因素。 同樣,在醫學領域越來越多地使用免疫球蛋白和 alpha-1-抗胰蛋白□作為血漿組分也是推動市場增長的一個因素。 同樣,對血漿相關療法日益增長的需求對於治療新興疾病也很重要。 近年來,蛋白□抑製劑(如 ALPHA-1-抗胰蛋白□蛋白)在治療肺病和肝病中的使用越來越多,預計在預測期內市場將實現有利增長。 例如,根據阿爾茨海默病協會 2021 年 3 月的報告,美國約有 620 萬 65 歲及以上的人與阿爾茨海默病相關的癡呆症並存。

新技術開發

領先的公司投資於各種產生積極結果的治療方法。 製造商正在關注 IgA、纖溶□和銅藍蛋白等新療法。 預計這將在預測期內帶來有利的增長。 醫療保健行業的快速變化以及持續的技術創新預計將加速北美等發展中國家對血漿分離的需求。 2019 年,全球約有 195,263 人被診斷患有血友病,80,302 人患有血管性血友病。

近期發展

  • 例如,2021 年 3 月,根據 WHO 基本藥物標準清單並包括一些血漿衍生醫藥產品 (PDMP),以滿足衛生系統的基本要求。它將其標識為藥物被認為是最有效和安全的,並為在低收入和中等收入國家增加 PDMP 的供應提供了最佳指導方針。
  • 例如,2020 4 月,CSL Behring & Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 宣布 Biotest、BPL、LFB 和 Octapharma 開發可有效治療 COVID- 19.與合作
  • 例如,2019 年 4 月,為了長期幫助血友病患者,血漿衍生療法供應商 Grifols International SA 為血友病患者提供了凝血因子藥物(1 億國際單位)病人的治療。

可用的自定義

根據市場數據,TechSci Research 根據公司的具體需求提供定制服務。 該報告可以定制為:

公司信息

  • 對其他市場參與者(最多 5 家公司)進行深入分析和概況分析

內容

第 1 章概述

  • 市場定義
  • 市場範圍
    • 目標市場
    • 研究目標年份
    • 主要市場細分

第二章研究方法論

  • 調查目的
  • 基線調查方法
  • 主要行業合作夥伴
  • 主要協會和次要信息
  • 調查方法
  • 數據三角測量和驗證
  • 假設和限制

第 3 章執行摘要

  • 市場概覽
  • 主要市場細分概述
  • 主要市場參與者概覽
  • 主要地區/國家概覽
  • 市場驅動因素、挑戰和趨勢

第 4 章 VOC(客戶之聲)

第 5 章全球血漿分餾市場展望

  • 市場規模和預測
    • 按數量
  • 市場份額和預測
    • 副產品(白蛋白、免疫球蛋白、凝血因子、蛋白□抑製劑等)
    • 按方法(離心、深層過濾、層析等)
    • 按應用(神經學、血液學、腫瘤學、免疫學等)
    • 由最終用戶(醫院/診所、學術/研究機構等)
    • 按地區
    • 按公司分類(2022 年)
  • 市場地圖
    • 按產品分類
    • 通過方法
    • 通過使用
    • 最終用戶
    • 按地區

第 6 章北美血漿分餾市場展望

  • 市場規模和預測
    • 按數量
  • 市場份額和預測
    • 按產品分類
    • 通過方法
    • 通過使用
    • 最終用戶
    • 按國家
  • 北美:國家/地區分析
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥

第 7 章:歐洲血漿分餾市場展望

  • 市場規模和預測
    • 按數量
  • 市場份額和預測
    • 按產品分類
    • 通過方法
    • 通過使用
    • 最終用戶
    • 按國家
  • 歐洲:國家分析
    • 法國
    • 德國
    • 英國
    • 意大利
    • 西班牙

第 8 章亞太地區血漿分餾市場展望

  • 市場規模和預測
    • 按數量
  • 市場份額和預測
    • 按產品分類
    • 通過方法
    • 通過使用
    • 最終用戶
    • 按國家
  • 亞太地區:國家/地區分析
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韓國
    • 澳大利亞

第 9 章南美血漿分餾市場展望

  • 市場規模和預測
    • 按數量
  • 市場份額和預測
    • 按產品分類
    • 通過方法
    • 通過使用
    • 最終用戶
    • 按國家
  • 南美洲:國家分析
    • 巴西
    • 阿根廷
    • 哥倫比亞

第 10 章中東和非洲血漿分餾市場展望

  • 市場規模和預測
    • 按數量
  • 市場份額和預測
    • 按產品分類
    • 通過方法
    • 通過使用
    • 最終用戶
    • 按國家
  • MEA:國家分析
    • 南非血漿分餾
    • 沙特阿拉伯血漿分離
    • 阿聯酋血漿分餾
    • 土耳其血漿分餾
    • 埃及血漿分離

第 11 章市場動態

  • 司機
  • 任務

第12章市場趨勢與發展

  • 近期趨勢
  • M&A(併購)
  • 產品公告

第13章競爭格局

  • Grifols S.A.
  • Octapharma AG
  • Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd
  • LFB S.A.
  • Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
  • CSL Limited
  • Biotest AG
  • Kedrion S.p.A
  • Bio Products Laboratory Ltd.'
  • Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited

第14章 戰略建議

簡介目錄
Product Code: 5091

The Global Plasma Fractionation Market is anticipated to witness impressive growth during the forecast period. This can be ascribed to the growing prevalence of chronic diseases among all age groups, such as immunological disorders and grave diseases, along with increasing demand for immunoglobulins for the treatment of chronic diseases. Additionally, the growing prevalence of blood and respiratory disorders due to and growing advancement in technology to cure diseases has significantly increased the demand for plasma fractionation across different parts of the globe. Additionally, the growing geriatric population across the globe, which is susceptible to different kinds of chronic diseases, is further expected to increase the demand for plasma fractionation, thereby fuelling market growth through 2028. Besides, growing awareness about the advantages of using plasma fractions for the diagnosis of chronic diseases across the globe is further expected to support the plasma fractionation market during the forecast period. Furthermore, increasing research and development activities related to immunoglobulin are further expected to increase the demand for dental contouring. According to Statista, as of 2022, around 51 percent of patients with Bernard Soulier syndrome were female, while 49 percent were male.

Growing Prevalence of Immunodeficiency disorder

The increasing incidence of blood and immune disorders and off-label usage of critical plasma products like albumins and immunoglobulins is the main factors that will boost the market growth during the forecast period. Similarly, the rising use of immunoglobulins and alpha-1-antitrypsin in the medical sector as a plasma fraction will propel the growth of the market. Similarly, increasing demand for plasma-related therapies is important for the treatment of new diseases. In the present years, usage of protease inhibitors like alpha-1-antitrypsin protein is increased for the treatment of lung diseases and hepatic diseases; this, in turn, is expected to create lucrative growth for the market in the forecast period. For instance, according to the March 2021 report of the Alzheimer's Association, approximately 6.2 million people of age 65 years and more are living with Alzheimer's-related dementia in the United States.

Development of New Technologies

Major players are investing in different therapies that will produce reliable results. Manufacturers are focusing on new therapies such as IgA, Plasmin, and Ceruloplasmin. This, in turn, is expected to create lucrative growth in the forecast period. A rapid change in the healthcare sector, along with continuous technological innovation, shall accelerate demand for plasma fractionation in developing countries like North America. In 2019, there were around 195,263 people worldwide who had been diagnosed with hemophilia and 80,302 who had been diagnosed with von Willebrand disease.

Market Segmentation

The global plasma fractionation market can be segmented by product, method, application, end-user, and by region. Based on product, the market can be segmented into Albumin, Immunoglobulins, Coagulation Factors, Protease Inhibitors, and Others. Based on the method, the market can be differentiated into Centrifugation, Depth Filtration, Chromatography, and Others. Based on application, the market can be grouped into Neurology, Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, and Others. Based on end users, the market can be segmented into Hospitals & Clinics, Academic & Research Institutes, and Others. Regionally, North America dominated the market among Asia Pacific, Europe, Middle East & Africa, and South America. Among the different countries, the United States dominated the global plasma fractionation market on account of the growing demand for new therapies for the treatment of chronic diseases in the country.

Market Players

Grifols S.A., Octapharma AG, Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd, LFB S.A., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, CSL Limited, Biotest AG, Kedrion S.p.A, Bio Products Laboratory Ltd.', Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited are some of the leading players operating in the Global Plasma Fractionation Market.

Recent Developments

  • For instance, in March 2021, according to the WHO Model List of essential medicines includes several plasma-derived medicinal products (PDMPs), identifying them as drugs thought to be the most efficient and secure for addressing the essential requirements in a health system and provide the best guidelines on increased supply of PDMPs in low & middle-income countries
  • For instance, in April 2020, to create a viable plasma-derived medication for treating COVID-19, CSL Behring & Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. collaborated with Biotest, BPL, LFB, and Octapharma.
  • For instance, in April 2019, under a long-term initiative to support people with hemophilia, Grifols International SA, a supplier of plasma-derived therapeutics, provided blood clotting factor medications (100 million international units) for the treatment of hemophilic patients.

Report Scope

In this report, global plasma fractionation market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends, which have also been detailed below:

Plasma Fractionation Market, By Product:

  • Albumin
  • Immunoglobulins
  • Coagulation Factors
  • Protease Inhibitors
  • Others

Plasma Fractionation Market, By Method:

  • Centrifugation
  • Depth Filtration
  • Chromatography
  • Others

Plasma Fractionation Market, By Application:

  • Neurology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Others

Plasma Fractionation Market, By End User:

  • Hospitals & Clinics
  • Academic & Research Institutes
  • Others

Plasma Fractionation Market, By Region:

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • France
    • Germany
    • United Kingdom
    • Italy
    • Spain
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • South Korea
    • Australia
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Colombia
  • Middle East & Africa
    • South Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Turkey
    • Egypt

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in Global Plasma Fractionation Market.

Available Customizations

With the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

  • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

  • 1.1. Market Definition
  • 1.2. Scope of the Market
    • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
    • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
    • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

  • 2.1. Objective of the Study
  • 2.2. Baseline Methodology
  • 2.3. Key Industry Partners
  • 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
  • 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
  • 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Overview of the Market
  • 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
  • 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
  • 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
  • 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook

  • 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 5.1.1. By Value
  • 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 5.2.1. By Product (Albumin, Immunoglobulins, Coagulation Factors, Protease Inhibitors, Others)
    • 5.2.2. By Method (Centrifugation, Depth Filtration, Chromatography, Others)
    • 5.2.3. By Application (Neurology, Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Others)
    • 5.2.4. By End User (Hospitals & Clinics, Academic & Research Institutes, Others)
    • 5.2.5. By Region
    • 5.2.6. By Company (2022)
  • 5.3. Market Map
    • 5.3.1. By Product
    • 5.3.2. By Method
    • 5.3.3. By Application
    • 5.3.4. By End User
    • 5.3.5. By Region

6. North America Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook

  • 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 6.1.1. By Value
  • 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 6.2.1. By Product
    • 6.2.2. By Method
    • 6.2.3. By Application
    • 6.2.4. By End User
    • 6.2.5. By Country
  • 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
    • 6.3.1. United States Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 6.3.1.2.2. By Method
        • 6.3.1.2.3. By Application
        • 6.3.1.2.4. By End User
    • 6.3.2. Canada Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 6.3.2.2.2. By Method
        • 6.3.2.2.3. By Application
        • 6.3.2.2.4. By End User
    • 6.3.3. Mexico Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 6.3.3.2.2. By Method
        • 6.3.3.2.3. By Application
        • 6.3.3.2.4. By End User

7. Europe Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook

  • 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 7.1.1. By Value
  • 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 7.2.1. By Product
    • 7.2.2. By Method
    • 7.2.3. By Application
    • 7.2.4. By End User
    • 7.2.5. By Country
  • 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
    • 7.3.1. France Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.1.2.2. By Method
        • 7.3.1.2.3. By Application
        • 7.3.1.2.4. By End User
    • 7.3.2. Germany Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.2.2.2. By Method
        • 7.3.2.2.3. By Application
        • 7.3.2.2.4. By End User
    • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.3.2.2. By Method
        • 7.3.3.2.3. By Application
        • 7.3.3.2.4. By End User
    • 7.3.4. Italy Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.4.2.2. By Method
        • 7.3.4.2.3. By Application
        • 7.3.4.2.4. By End User
    • 7.3.5. Spain Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.5.2.2. By Method
        • 7.3.5.2.3. By Application
        • 7.3.5.2.4. By End User

8. Asia-Pacific Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook

  • 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 8.1.1. By Value
  • 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 8.2.1. By Product
    • 8.2.2. By Method
    • 8.2.3. By Application
    • 8.2.4. By End User
    • 8.2.5. By Country
  • 8.3. Asia-Pacific: Country Analysis
    • 8.3.1. China Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.1.2.2. By Method
        • 8.3.1.2.3. By Application
        • 8.3.1.2.4. By End User
    • 8.3.2. India Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.2.2.2. By Method
        • 8.3.2.2.3. By Application
        • 8.3.2.2.4. By End User
    • 8.3.3. Japan Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.3.2.2. By Method
        • 8.3.3.2.3. By Application
        • 8.3.3.2.4. By End User
    • 8.3.4. South Korea Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.4.2.2. By Method
        • 8.3.4.2.3. By Application
        • 8.3.4.2.4. By End User
    • 8.3.5. Australia Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.5.2.2. By Method
        • 8.3.5.2.3. By Application
        • 8.3.5.2.4. By End User

9. South America Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook

  • 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 9.1.1. By Value
  • 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 9.2.1. By Product
    • 9.2.2. By Method
    • 9.2.3. By Application
    • 9.2.4. By End User
    • 9.2.5. By Country
  • 9.3. South America: Country Analysis
    • 9.3.1. Brazil Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 9.3.1.2.2. By Method
        • 9.3.1.2.3. By Application
        • 9.3.1.2.4. By End User
    • 9.3.2. Argentina Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 9.3.2.2.2. By Method
        • 9.3.2.2.3. By Application
        • 9.3.2.2.4. By End User
    • 9.3.3. Colombia Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 9.3.3.2.2. By Method
        • 9.3.3.2.3. By Application
        • 9.3.3.2.4. By End User

10. Middle East and Africa Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook

  • 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 10.1.1. By Value
  • 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 10.2.1. By Product
    • 10.2.2. By Method
    • 10.2.3. By Application
    • 10.2.4. By End User
    • 10.2.5. By Country
  • 10.3. MEA: Country Analysis
    • 10.3.1. South Africa Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.1.2.2. By Method
        • 10.3.1.2.3. By Application
        • 10.3.1.2.4. By End User
    • 10.3.2. Saudi Arabia Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.2.2.2. By Method
        • 10.3.2.2.3. By Application
        • 10.3.2.2.4. By End User
    • 10.3.3. UAE Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.3.2.2. By Method
        • 10.3.3.2.3. By Application
        • 10.3.3.2.4. By End User
    • 10.3.4. Turkey Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 10.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.4.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.4.2.2. By Method
        • 10.3.4.2.3. By Application
        • 10.3.4.2.4. By End User
    • 10.3.5. Egypt Plasma Fractionation Market Outlook
      • 10.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.5.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.5.2.2. By Method
        • 10.3.5.2.3. By Application
        • 10.3.5.2.4. By End User

11. Market Dynamics

  • 11.1. Drivers
  • 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

  • 12.1. Recent Developments
  • 12.2. Mergers & Acquisitions
  • 12.3. Product Launches

13. Competitive Landscape

  • 13.1. Business Overview
  • 13.2. Product Offerings
  • 13.3. Recent Developments
  • 13.4. Financials (As Reported)
  • 13.5. Key Personnel
  • 13.6. SWOT Analysis
    • 13.6.1. Grifols S.A.
    • 13.6.2. Octapharma AG
    • 13.6.3. Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd
    • 13.6.4. LFB S.A.
    • 13.6.5. Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
    • 13.6.6. CSL Limited
    • 13.6.7. Biotest AG
    • 13.6.8. Kedrion S.p.A
    • 13.6.9. Bio Products Laboratory Ltd.'
    • 13.6.10. Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited

14. Strategic Recommendations