市場調查報告書
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到 2028 年的全球垂直農業市場預測——按作物類型、生長機制、結構、組成部分和地區分析Vertical Farming Market Forecasts to 2028 - Global Analysis By Crop Type, Growth mechanism, Structure, Component and By Geography |
根據 Stratistics MRC 的數據,全球垂直農業市場預計到 2022 年將達到 41.6 億美元,到 2028 年將達到 182.1 億美元,複合年增長率將達到 27.9%。
垂直農業是垂直堆疊農場的農業。 這使得一小塊土地可用於更多生產。 它是一種非常規的農作物種植方法,易於收穫,受氣候影響較小,產量較高,農藥使用量較少,需要的土地較少,耗水量較少。 例如,1公頃的垂直農場,相當於9公頃的普通戶外農場,每天可節水約200噸。 這種耕作方式降低了確保耕地的難度。
根據美國農業部的報告,耕地面積逐年減少,據報導,2017 年減少到 36436 萬公頃,2021 年減少到 36231 萬公頃。
垂直農業的優勢在於不受天氣影響。 換句話說,垂直農業可以讓您全年種植農作物,而不必擔心惡劣天氣條件對收成質量和概況的影響。 在受保護、受到良好監控和監管的環境中進行耕種可確保提供高質量的食品,並為生產者提供可重複和可編程的產品。 此外,垂直農業可以成功縮短收穫時間並提高產量,同時保持 100% 一致的產品質量和風味。 這使生產商能夠自信地遵守客戶要求的交貨時間表和回收合同。
空間、光、水、二氧化碳和土地在傳統農業中都很容易獲得。 然而,在垂直農業中,所有這些變量都意味著高供應成本。 室內農場使用人工照明。 它還包括用於空氣冷卻和加熱的軟件,用於溫度穩定和精確監控。 它們還需要結構來提供生長所需的營養,並為生長奠定基礎。 因此,垂直農場的維護和資源成本很高。
隨著大麻需求的快速上升,供應方也開始以各種方式建立業務以滿足需求。 為滿足需求,大量垂直大麻農場和大麻經銷商開花結果。 在當前的生產情況下,在垂直種植園中種植大麻可能是一項成本高昂的工作。 在陰影介質中種植大麻時需要考慮一些事項。 例如,高壓鈉燈 (HPS) 釋放的熱量會危害農產品。 因此,在低溫下工作的 LED 可能是解決過度散熱的方法。
植物需要光、空間、二氧化碳和水等自然資源才能生長。 然而,垂直農業要求所有這些需要有成本地從外部供應,例如所有建築物都必須點亮才能種植植物。 然而,電費如此之高,要在電費和建築費之間盈利是不可行的。 此外,無論設施有多大,每個工廠消耗的能源量都保持不變,因此需要全套設備。 此外,需要管理和維護人員監督大規模操作,這會損害種植者的盈利能力,從而使大規模垂直農業難以運營。
COVID-19 疫情減緩了全球經濟並損害了多個行業,包括食品和農業。 由於供應鏈中斷、糧食短缺和國家間進出口暫停,農業受到重創。 COVID-19 疫情凸顯了對當地食品和城市農業(例如垂直農業和室內農業)的需求。 由於人口密度高,COVID-19 流行病影響了該市的食品系統、零售和分銷。 然而,COVID-19 大流行增加了對安全和營養飲食的需求。 由於大流行期間對有機種植商品的需求增加,垂直農場可能會受到關注。
由於其易於安裝且具有成本效益的垂直耕作方法,水培行業預計將實現有利可圖的增長。 在水培系統中,溶解在水中的礦物質營養素被直接輸送到植物根部,使植物長得又大又長,從而促進更快的生長、更快的收穫和更高的產量。 水培法是一種全年使用惰性介質在室內或室外種植草藥、樹葉和食物的系統。 此外,由於可以完全控制養分水平,因此養分成本低,並且可以預期持續的高產。
集裝箱化垂直農業預計在預測期內將實現最快的複合年增長率,這種擴張歸因於結構支持作物生產的能力,無論地理位置如何。 集裝箱式垂直農業的主要優勢之一是易於運輸,不需要大面積土地或特殊結構即可開始生產。 此外,由於購買舊集裝箱的成本相對較低,競爭加劇將壓低航運集裝箱的價格,從而允許其他公司進入市場。 但也存在相對生產率低、光、熱、佈局相互競爭等缺點。
由於美國存在許多垂直農場以及機器人和自動化技術在整個農場的採用,預計在預測期內北美將佔據最大的市場份額。 對有機、新鮮和優質食品不斷增長的需求正在推動美國和加拿大的市場增長。 此外,美國和加拿大已將大麻的使用部分合法化。 垂直農場適合種植大麻,預計將推動垂直農場市場的擴張。 例如,2019 年 1 月,Thrive Agritech, Inc. 向密歇根大麻種植者 Choice Labs 提供了 1,900 盞 LED 生長燈。 這些燈有助於提高工廠質量,同時降低運營成本。
預計亞太地區在預測期內的複合年增長率最高。 隨著中國、印度和一些亞洲國家失去肥沃的農業用地,對這種新型農業方法的需求預計會增加。 印度、中國和日本的水資源短缺和不斷增長的食品需求預計將為該地區帶來新的商機。 亞洲農民面臨著多年的干旱、降雨不足、氣候變化、灌溉系統不足、財務問題、作物歉收、對化肥的依賴增加以及作物品種有限。 因此,預計未來幾年對創新農業技術的需求將會增加。
垂直農業市場的主要參與者包括:Agrilution GmbH、Green Sense Farms, LLC、Illumitex, Inc.、AeroFarms、Vertical Farm Systems、Freight Farms。GrowUp Urban Farms Ltd.、Brightfarms Inc.、American Hydroponics、Everlight Electronics Co. Ltd.、SkyGreens Pte Ltd、Jones Food Company 和 SweGreen。
2022 年 10 月,AeroFarms 決定將業務擴展到東北地區的所有 Whole Foods 市場,尤其是在看到對其特色蔬菜的需求不斷增長之後。 AeroFarms 將成為第一家加入 Whole Foods Market 全球貨架圖的室內農業公司。
2020 年 10 月,Bright Farms 獲得 1 億美元資金用於擴大其室內農場。 本輪融資由 Cox Enterprises 牽頭。 該公司將利用這筆資金投資現有農場和零售農場。 此外,該公司正在尋求擴大其在美國的業務。
2020 年 2 月,Illumitex Inc. 開始提供基於計算機視覺技術的 AI 平台,以改進 FarmVisionAI。 該平台提供增強的人工智能和可視化功能來監測和控制農業環境。
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According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Vertical Farming Market is accounted for $4.16 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach $18.21 billion by 2028 growing at a CAGR of 27.9% during the forecast period. Vertical farming is the practise of stacking farms vertically. This has allowed tiny plots of land to be used for more output. It is an unconventional crop cultivation approach that allows for easy harvesting, a minor effect of climate, high yield, less pesticide use, less land required, and less water consumption. For example, one hectare of vertical farming is equivalent to nine hectares of regular outdoor farming and saves roughly 200 tonnes of water each day. This agricultural method decreases the difficulty of obtaining arable land.
According to the USDA report area of land on farms has been decreasing year by year, in 2017 the area was reported to be 364.36 million hectares and in 2021 it dropped to 362.31 million hectares.
The benefit of vertical farming is that it is not weather dependent; this means that vertical farming may produce crops all year long without worrying about the influence of unfavorable weather conditions on yield quality and profile. Farming in a protected, well-monitored, and regulated setting ensures high-quality food and provides growers with repeatable, programmable output. Furthermore, vertical farming successfully reduces harvest times and increases production while maintaining 100% consistency in produce quality and flavor. This helps the growers to confidently commit to the delivery schedules and offtake agreements demanded by their customers.
Space, light, water, carbon dioxide, and land are all readily available in conventional farming. Yet, for vertical farms, all of these variables imply a high supply cost. Indoor farms make use of artificial lighting. The cost of air cooling and heating to keep the temperature stable, as well as precise monitoring and other relevant software, is included. Similarly, appropriate structures must be built to deliver nutrients and create a platform for crop growth. As a result, vertical farm upkeep and resource supply are highly expensive.
As the demand for cannabis grows rapidly, the supply side has begun to build operations in various forms to meet the need. There has been a massive blooming in cannabis vertical farms and cannabis distributors, which is helping to meet demand. Growing cannabis on a vertical farm might be a costly operation in the current production scenario. Several aspects must be considered when growing cannabis in a sunless medium. For example, the heat released by high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS) might harm produce. As a result, LEDs, which operate at significantly lower temperatures, may provide a solution to the excessive heat emitted.
Plants require natural resources such as light, space, CO2, and water for growth. Nevertheless, in vertical farming, all of these necessities must be supplied externally at a cost, such as all buildings must be lighted with electric lights to grow the plants. Yet, the cost of power is so high that earning a profit between the electricity price and the building bill is unfeasible. Furthermore, no matter how large the facility is, the energy spent per plant remains the same, requiring a well-equipped system. A management and maintenance crew is also necessary to oversee large-scale operations, which could damage cultivators' profitability, making it difficult for them to run vertical farms on a large scale.
The COVID-19 epidemic has slowed the global economy and harmed several industries, including food and agriculture. The agriculture industry was severely disrupted as a result of supply chain disruption, food shortages, and the suspension of import and export between nations. The COVID-19 epidemic has highlighted the necessity of local food and urban farming, such as vertical and indoor farms. The COVID-19 epidemic impacted the urban food system, retail, and distribution because to the high population density. Yet, the COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the need for safe and nutritious meals. Vertical farms will gain traction as a result of increasing demand for organically cultivated goods during the pandemic.
The hydroponics segment is estimated to have a lucrative growth, due to simple installation and cost-effective vertical farm setup. Mineral nutrients dissolved in water are given directly to the plant's roots in a hydroponics system, causing the plant to grow largely upward, promoting faster growth, faster harvest, and higher yield. Hydroponics systems are used both indoors and outdoors to grow herbs, foliage, and food items all year long by employing an inert growth medium to attach the plant's roots. Additionally, nutrition levels can be completely managed, leading in cheaper nutrition expenditures and steady and high yields.
The shipping container-based vertical farms segment is anticipated to witness the fastest CAGR growth during the forecast period, this expansion is ascribed to the structure's ability to assist produce crops regardless of geographic location. One of the key advantages of container-based farming is that it is easy to transport, and it does not require a large plot of land or a specialised structure to begin producing. Furthermore, as competition increases, the price of shipping containers falls since the cost of acquiring old containers is relatively low, allowing other enterprises to enter the market. Yet, some of the disadvantages of this type of agriculture are low comparative productivity and antagonism between light, heat, and layout.
North America is projected to hold the largest market share during the forecast period owing to the presence of many vertical farms across the U.S. and the adoption of robotics and automation technologies across the farms. Rising demand for organic, fresh, and high-quality food drives market growth in the United States and Canada. Furthermore, the use of Cannabis is legal in some places in the United States and Canada. Vertical farms are suitable for growing cannabis, which is projected to drive the vertical farming market expansion. For example, in January 2019, Thrive Agritech, Inc. supplied 1,900 LED grow lights to Choice Labs, a marijuana producer in Michigan. The lights help to increase plant quality while lowering operational costs.
Asia Pacific is projected to have the highest CAGR over the forecast period. The loss of fertile land for agriculture in countries such as China, India, and several Asian countries is expected to increase demand for this novel agricultural approach. Water scarcity and rising food demand in India, China, and Japan are projected to open up new business opportunities across the region. Farmers in Asia have faced years of drought, lack of rain, climate change, insufficient irrigation systems, financial issues, crop failure, greater reliance on chemical fertilisers, and limited crop variety. This is projected to increase the demand for innovative farming techniques in the coming years.
Some of the key players profiled in the Vertical Farming Market include: Agrilution GmbH, Green Sense Farms, LLC, Illumitex, Inc., AeroFarms, Vertical Farm Systems, Freight Farms, GrowUp Urban Farms Ltd., Brightfarms Inc., American Hydroponics, Everlight Electronics Co., Ltd., SkyGreens Pte Ltd, Jones Food Company and SweGreen
In October 2022, AeroFarms have decided to expand nationwide from the Northeast region to all whole food markets, especially after seeing increasing demand for their specialty green. AeroFarms will be the first indoor farming company to be part of the Whole Foods Market Global Planogram.
In October 2020, BrightFarms secured USD 100 million to expand its indoor farming. The funding round was led by Cox Enterprises. The company aims to leverage this funding amount to invest in its existing and retail farms. Further, the company aims to expand its presence across the U.S.
In February 2020, Illumitex Inc. launched an AI platform based on computer vision technology to improve FarmVisionAI. The platform provides augmented artificial intelligence and visualization to monitor and control the farming environment.
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