市場調查報告書
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全球氫氣市場 2023-2030Global Hydrogen Generation Market 2023-2030 |
預計全球製氫市場在預測期內(2023-2030年)複合CAGR將達到11.1%。整合綠氫的日益普及加上綠氫的大規模生產是支持氫能成長的關鍵因素全球市場。市場參與者的夥伴關係透過推動工業、發電、交通和農業脫碳,從而緩解氣候變遷並確保能源獨立,有助於建立經濟永續發展的基本支柱。市場參與者也專注於推出氫氣生產解決方案,以進一步促進市場成長。例如,2022年6月,阿達尼集團和Total Energies創建了全球綠氫生態系統。阿達尼新工業有限公司將投資 500 億美元發展綠氫能。透過合作,共同打造全球最大的綠氫生態系統。在這一策略聯盟中,道達爾能源公司從阿達尼企業有限公司 (AEL) 手中收購了阿達尼新工業有限公司 (ANIL) 25.0% 的少數股權。然而,該技術的高成本可能會限制其市場成長。
全球氫氣生產市場按技術、來源和應用進行細分。根據技術,市場分為蒸汽甲烷重整、煤氣化和其他(自動熱重整)。根據來源,市場分為天然氣、煤炭、生質能和水。此外,根據應用,市場細分為甲醇生產、氨生產、煉油、運輸、發電和其他(能源儲存)。在這些技術中,蒸汽甲烷重整子細分市場預計將佔據主導地位。由於生產的氫氣產量最高,因此佔據了相當大的市場佔有率。蒸汽重整製程的效率約為65.0%至75.0%,是目前商業化生產方法中最高的。
其中,發電細分領域預計將在全球氫氣生產市場中佔據相當大的佔有率。該細分市場的成長歸因於脫碳社會的影響力日益增強,全球多個國家和區域市場參與者已宣布打算在2050 年將溫室氣體總體排放量降至零。例如,2021 年10 月,松下公司推出了純氫燃料電池發電機,透過與空氣中的高純度氫氣和氧氣發生化學反應來發電。此外,這種發電需要一個系統將多餘的電力儲存在蓄電池或透過其他方式來補償電力短缺。
全球氫氣市場根據地理位置進一步細分,包括北美(美國和加拿大)、歐洲(英國、義大利、西班牙、德國、法國和歐洲其他地區)、亞太地區(印度、中國、日本) 、韓國和亞洲其他地區)以及世界其他地區(中東和非洲以及拉丁美洲)。其中,由於北美地區的成長,預計將在全球市場中佔據顯著佔有率。使用蒸汽甲烷重整技術生產甲醇和氨。
在所有地區中,亞太地區預計在預測期內將以可觀的CAGR成長。區域成長歸因於生命週期操作系統的開發,以有效管理氫氣的生產、儲存和利用過程。例如,2023 年 10 月,斗山能源宣布其利用風能供電的濟州綠色氫氣工廠已開始商業運作。 3.3MW濟州綠色氫氣工廠是韓國最大的綠色氫氣生產工廠,是由斗山能源公司等九家公司和機構參與的國家級項目,濟州能源公司作為主承包商。
根據國際能源總署(IEA)預測,2023年7月,專用氫生產主要基於化石燃料技術,全球氫供應量的約六分之一來自「副產品」氫,主要來自石化產業。到2022年,專用氫氣生產能源需求的70.0%由天然氣和約30.0%煤炭滿足(主要用於中國,僅中國就佔全球氫氣生產煤炭消耗的90.0%)。儘管與2021 年相比成長了5.0%,但2022 年低排放氫氣產量僅佔氫氣總產量的不到1.0%。低排放氫氣產量的增加得益於130*MW 的電解產能以及中國開始營運的一個氫氣計畫CCUS 將於 2022 年投入營運,以煤炭為原料進行生產。
Global Hydrogen Generation Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report by Technology (Steam Methane Reforming, Coal Gasification and Others), by Source (Natural Gas, Coal, Biomass and Water), and by Application (Methanol production, Ammonia Production, Petroleum Refining, Transportation, Power Generation and Others), Forecast Period (2023-2030)
The global hydrogen generation market is anticipated to grow at a significant CAGR of 11.1% during the forecast period (2023-2030).The growing adoption of integrated green hydrogen coupled with the large scale generation of green hydrogen is the key factor supporting the growth of the market globally. Market players partnership helps to build the fundamental pillars of economic sustainability by driving decarbonization of industry, power generation, mobility, and agriculture thereby mitigating climate change, and ensuring energy independence. The market players are also focusing on introducing hydrogen generation solutions that further bolster the market growth. For instance, in June 2022, Adani Group and Total Energies created the global green hydrogen ecosystem. Adani New Industries Ltd. to invest $50 Billion in green hydrogen. Through partnership to jointly create the global largest green hydrogen ecosystem. In this strategic alliance, Total Energies acquired a 25.0% minority interest in Adani New Industries Ltd (ANIL) from Adani Enterprises Ltd (AEL). However, the high cost of this technology may restrain its market growth.
The global hydrogen generation market is segmented on the technology, source, and application. Based on the technology, the market is sub-segmented into steam methane reforming, coal gasification and others (auto thermal reforming). Based on the source, the market is sub-segmented into natural gas, coal, biomass and water. Further, on the basis of application, the market is sub-segmented into methanol production, ammonia production, petroleum refining, transportation, power generation and others (energy storage).Among the technology, the steam methane reforming sub-segment is anticipated to hold a considerable share of the market owing to producing the highest yield of hydrogen. The efficiency of the steam reforming process is about 65.0% to 75.0%, among the highest of current commercially available production methods.
Among the application, the power generation sub-segment is expected to hold a considerable share of the global hydrogen generation market. The segmental growth is attributed to the growing influence of decarbonized society, several countries and regional market player around the globe have declared their intention to reduce their overall emissions of greenhouse gases to zero by 2050. For instance, in October 2021, Panasonic Corp. launched a pure hydrogen fuel cell generator, that generates power through a chemical reaction with high-purity hydrogen and oxygen in the air. Moreover, such power generation requires a system to store surplus power in storage batteries or via other methods and compensate for power shortages.
The global hydrogen generation market is further segmented based on geography including North America (the US, and Canada), Europe (UK, Italy, Spain, Germany, France, and the Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (India, China, Japan, South Korea, and Rest of Asia), and the Rest of the World (the Middle East & Africa, and Latin America. Among these, North America is anticipated to hold a prominent share of the market across the globe, owing to the increase in methanol production and ammonia production using steam methane reforming technology.
Among all regions, the Asia-Pacific region is anticipated to grow at a considerable CAGR over the forecast period. Regional growth is attributed to development of lifecycle operation system to efficiency manage the hydrogen production, storage and utilization processes. For instance, in October 2023, Doosan Enerbility announced that it had commenced commercial operation of the Jeju Green Hydrogen Production Plant which is powered using wind energy. The 3.3MWJeju Green Hydrogen Production Plant is the largest green hydrogen plant in Korea, It is a national project with participation from nine companies and institutions, including Doosan Enerbility, and Jeju Energy Corp acting as the prime contractor.
According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), in July 2023, Dedicated hydrogen production is primarily based on fossil fuel technologies, with around a sixth of the global hydrogen supply coming from "by-product" hydrogen, mainly in the petrochemical industry. In 2022, 70.0% of the energy requirement for dedicated hydrogen production was met with natural gas and around 30.0% coal (mostly used in China, which alone accounted for 90.0% of global coal consumption for hydrogen production). Low-emission hydrogen production represented less than 1.0% of total hydrogen production in 2022, despite growing 5.0% compared to 2021. This increase in low-emission hydrogen production results from 130*MW of electrolysis capacity and one project starting operation in China for hydrogen production from coal with CCUS entering into operation in 2022.
The major companies serving the hydrogen generation market include Air Liquide India, Linde plc, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., ITM Power, Siemens Energy, and others. The market players are considerably contributing to the market growth by the adoption of various strategies including mergers and acquisitions, partnerships, collaborations, funding, and new product launches, to stay competitive in the market. For instance, in July 2020, Iberdrola and Fertiberia launched the largest plant producing green hydrogen for industrial use in Europe. Both companies have signed an agreement that triggers an investment of 150 million euros ($161 million), to construct the largest plant to produce green hydrogen for industrial use in Europe.