木漿貿易分析 - COVID-19 的增長、趨勢、影響和預測 (2023-2028)

木漿市場預計在預測期內 (2022-2027) 的複合年增長率為 2.6%。

紙漿和造紙行業在全球經濟中發揮著重要作用，涉及林業、農業、化工、生物、分銷和運輸等眾多部門。 由於 COVID-19 大流行，該行業對民生、工業生產、全球經濟以及紙漿和造紙行業產生了重大影響。 例如，最近由於大學、酒店和餐館關閉，對複印紙和打印紙的需求大幅減少。

紙漿是由木材等植物纖維經化學、機械加工而成的纖維狀中間材料，而廢紙則是從廢棄物中回收的資源。 木漿和廢紙都含有不同含量的纖維素纖維。 自 2010 年以來，紙和紙板的年產量增長了 6%（糧農組織，2021）。

紙漿和造紙行業由使用木材等基本原材料生產紙漿、紙張、紙板和各種纖維素產品的公司組成。 2019 年全球紙和紙板年產量和消費量分別達到 4.197 億噸和 4.233 億噸。 北美和南美合計佔全球產量的一半以上，其次是歐洲和亞太地區。 加拿大、美國和中國是木漿的三大生產國，因為它們擁有更先進的技術知識和龐大的林業部門。

木漿貿易分析市場趨勢

中國是最大的進口國

中國製漿造紙行業的發展越來越受到學術界、政策制定者和國際生產商的關注。 製漿造紙行業是中國少數面臨供應短缺的行業之一。 尤其是優質紙和紙板產品，由於生產技術陳舊，優質原材料缺乏，國內生產不能滿足國內消費。 因此，與其他中國產品不同，中國的紙漿和紙製品進口量多於出口量。 2020年，中國化學木漿進口量增加10%至2400萬噸。 這是由於大流行期間對紙包裝和餐具的需求增加，以及去年進口價格大幅下跌進一步刺激。 巴西、印度尼西亞和加拿大是主要供應國，供應了所有進口的 57%。 硫酸漂白紙漿佔中國木漿進口總量的95%。

美國和巴西是最大的出口國

紙漿生產的特點是大型技術密集型工廠。 據糧農組織稱，2020年美國木漿產量為5080萬噸，巴西為2160萬噸。 巴西以其紙漿的質量、可持續發展和經過認證的原產地而聞名，這一事實有助於保持該國工業作為全球領先基準的地位。 由於氣候、土壤和研發等條件，巴西的紙漿生產具有很強的競爭力，尤其是在林業階段。 巴西目前約 70% 的產量用於出口。 紙漿和造紙工業在巴西變得越來越重要，其能源消耗預計將從 1970 年佔工業最終消耗的 5% 增長到 2020 年的 16%，年均消耗增長 5.4%。 2020年，巴西紙漿出口量將超過1500萬噸，成為全球領先的紙漿供應國。 到 2020 年，巴西 70% 以上的產品將銷往國外市場。

在美國，紙漿產量呈下降趨勢，2017年降至4835萬噸的最低水平。 然後在 2018 年恢復到 5320 萬噸，到 2020 年減少到 5090 萬噸。 因此，出口逐年下降。 2020年，該國木漿出口額達76億美元。 2021 年上半年，美國化學木漿出口與 2020 年相比下降了 9%。 另一方面，出口貨值按年上升7%。

其他好處

• Excel 格式的市場預測 (ME) 表
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內容

第一章介紹

• 研究假設和市場定義
• 調查範圍

第二章研究方法論

第 3 章執行摘要

第四章市場動態

• 市場概覽
• 市場驅動因素
• 市場製約因素
• 價值鏈分析

第 5 章市場細分

• 按地區
  • 北美
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 歐洲
    • 德國
    • 英國
    • 意大利
    • 法國
    • 荷蘭
    • 瑞典
    • 俄羅斯
  • 亞太地區
    • 中國
    • 澳大利亞
    • 印度
    • 韓國
    • 日本
    • 印度尼西亞
  • 南美洲
    • 巴西
    • 智利
  • 非洲
    • 南非

第六章市場機會與未來趨勢

第 7 章 COVID-19 對市場的影響

The wood pulp market is expected to witness a CAGR of 2.6% during the forecast period (2022-2027). The pulp and paper industry involves many fields such as forestry, agriculture, chemicals, biology, distribution, and transportation, thus occupying an important position in the global economy. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this sector has severely affected people's lives, industrial production, and the global economy, which inevitably induced a major impact on the pulp and paper industry. For instance, copier paper and printing paper have seen a notable decrease in demand recently due to the shutdown of colleges, universities, hotels, and restaurants.

Pulp is an intermediate chemically- or mechanically-processed fibrous material derived from wood or other plant fibers, whereas waste paper is a resource collected from previously discarded material. Both wood pulp and waste paper contain varying amounts of cellulose fibers. Annual production of paper and paperboard has increased by 6% since 2010 (FAO, 2021).

The pulp and paper industry comprises companies that use basic raw materials like wood to produce pulp, paper, paperboard, and various cellulose-based products. Annual global paper and board production and consumption capacities reached 419.7 million metric ton and 423.3 million metric ton, respectively, in 2019. North America and South America together account for more than half of the global production, followed by Europe and Asia-Pacific. Canada, the United States, and China are the top three producers of wood pulp due to their improved technical know-how and large forestry sectors.

Wood Pulp Trade Analysis Market Trends

China is the Largest Importer

The development of China's pulp and paper industry is drawing increasing interest among scholars, policymakers, and international producers. The pulp and paper industry is one of the very few industries in China that have been experiencing shortages in supply. Domestic production cannot satisfy domestic consumption, especially for high-quality paper and paperboard products, due to old production techniques and a lack of high-quality raw materials. Therefore, unlike other Chinese products, China has been importing more pulp and paper products than exporting. In 2020, China increased its chemical wood pulp imports by 10% with 24M ton. It was driven by the rising demand for paper packaging and tableware amid the pandemic and further stimulated by a sharp fall in import prices last year. Brazil, Indonesia, and Canada are the major suppliers, providing 57% of the total import volume. Bleached sulfate pulp accounted for 95% of the total wood pulp imports into China.

The United States and Brazil are the Largest Exporters

Pulp production is characterized by large, technology-intensive plants. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, the United States produced 50.8 million metric ton of wood pulp in 2020, while Brazil produced 21.6 million metric ton of wood pulp in the same year. Brazil is recognized for the quality and the sustainable and certified origin of its pulp, and this fact has contributed to maintaining the national industry as a major reference in the world. The country is highly competitive in pulp production, especially in the forestry stage, due to the climate, soil, and R&D. Today, Brazil exports about 70% of its production. The pulp and paper industry has been increasing its relevance in Brazil, and its energy consumption has increased from 5% of final industrial consumption in 1970 to 16% in 2020, with average consumption growth of 5.4% per annum. In 2020, Brazil led the world ranking for exporting more than 15 million ton of pulp, making it a major global supplier of this input. In 2020, more than 70% of Brazilian production was destined for the foreign market.

In the United States, pulp for paper production quantities has been in decline and dropped to a low of 48.35 million metric ton in 2017. After that, the production bounced back to reach 53.2 million metric ton in 2018, which then declined to 50.9 million metric ton in 2020. Accordingly, export has also been declining over the years. In 2020, the country exported wood pulp worth USD 7.6 billion. During the first six months of 2021, the United States recorded a decline in chemical wood pulp exports by 9% compared to 2020. Meanwhile, export values were up by 7% from the previous year.

Additional Benefits:

• The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

• 1.1 Study Assumptions and Market Definition
• 1.2 Scope of the Study

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4 MARKET DYNAMICS

• 4.1 Market Overview
• 4.2 Market Drivers
• 4.3 Market Restraints
• 4.4 Value Chain Analysis

5 MARKET SEGMENTATION

• 5.1 Geography
  • 5.1.1 North America
    • 5.1.1.1 United States
    • 5.1.1.2 Canada
    • 5.1.1.3 Mexico
  • 5.1.2 Europe
    • 5.1.2.1 Germany
    • 5.1.2.2 United Kingdom
    • 5.1.2.3 Italy
    • 5.1.2.4 France
    • 5.1.2.5 Netherlands
    • 5.1.2.6 Sweden
    • 5.1.2.7 Russia
  • 5.1.3 Asia-Pacific
    • 5.1.3.1 China
    • 5.1.3.2 Australia
    • 5.1.3.3 India
    • 5.1.3.4 South Korea
    • 5.1.3.5 Japan
    • 5.1.3.6 Indonesia
  • 5.1.4 South America
    • 5.1.4.1 Brazil
    • 5.1.4.2 Chile
  • 5.1.5 Africa
    • 5.1.5.1 South Africa

6 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE TRENDS

7 IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE MARKET