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全球電動貨車市場：按續航裡程(100以下,100-200,200英裡或以上),電池容量(50千瓦時以下,以上),電池類型,推進方式(BEV,FCEV,PHEV),用途,地區預測至2030
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1168795

全球電動貨車市場：按續航裡程(100以下,100-200,200英裡或以上),電池容量(50千瓦時以下,以上),電池類型,推進方式(BEV,FCEV,PHEV),用途,地區預測至2030

Electric Van Market by Range (up to 100 miles, 100-200 miles, & above 200 miles), Battery Capacity (up to 50 kWh & above 50 kWh), Battery Type, Propulsion (BEV, FCEV, & PHEV), End Use and Region - Global Forecast to 2030
出版日期: | 出版商: MarketsandMarkets | 英文 196 Pages | 訂單完成後即時交付

價格
簡介目錄

全球電動貨車市場預計將從2022年的10.68萬輛增長到2030年的108.29萬輛，2022-2030年復合年增長率為33.6%。預計

補貼和補貼等政府支持，以及越來越多的國家因對污染的擔憂日益加劇而推動公共交通解決方案電氣化，正在推動電動貨車市場的增長。

“電池降價”

目前正在研究增加電池組的尺寸，以支持電動貨車的續航裡程並降低成本。 與此同時，公司正在開發創新的電池技術以保持行業內的競爭力。 此外，技術的進步已經實現了駕駛時的無線充電，作為一種動態充電技術，它還有助於減輕車輛重量和優化能源使用。

“與其他汽車相比排放量低”

通過在電動貨車中使用燃料電池，可以可靠地供電長達 18 小時，而不會排放除水蒸氣以外的任何排放物。 FCEV 使用純氫作為燃料。 氫燃料的唯一殘留物是水和熱。 因此，不會排放溫室氣體和顆粒物等有害物質。 減少使用 FCEV 產生的溫室氣體將成為整個汽車燃料電池市場的驅動因素。

“執行嚴格的排放和環境法規”

旨在減少二氧化碳排放的嚴格法規有望在未來十年內改變印度、中國和日本的汽車行業。 在汽車原始設備製造商專注於車輛電氣化的同時，消費者也開始意識到車輛排放對環境的影響。 政府也在採取稅收補貼等有效措施促進電動汽車的普及。 因此，電動貨車市場將會增長。

本報告分析了全球電動貨車市場，包括市場基本結構、最新動態、主要市場驅動和製約因素、續駛裡程、電池類型、最終用途、電池容量，我們正在調查市場前景按促銷方式和地區劃分的趨勢、市場競爭狀況以及主要公司的概況。

內容

第一章介紹

第二章調查方法

第 3 章執行摘要

第 4 章重要注意事項

第 5 章市場概述

  • 介紹
  • 市場動態
    • 司機
    • 約束因素
    • 機會
    • 任務
  • 波特的五力分析
  • 宏觀經濟指標
    • 主要國家/地區的 GDP 趨勢和預測
  • 電動貨車市場生態系統
    • 貼牌生產
    • 原材料供應商
    • 組件製造商
    • 充電基礎設施
  • 價值鏈分析
  • 價格分析
  • 專利分析
  • 法規概述
  • 案例研究
  • 電動貨車市場的趨勢和動盪
  • 技術分析
    • 智能充電系統
    • 電動汽車物聯網
    • 封裝型燃料電池系統模塊
    • 甲烷燃料電池
  • 主要利益相關者和採購標準
  • 會議和活動的詳細列表 (2022-2023)
  • 監管機構、政府機構和其他組織的名單
  • 電動貨車市場：情景 (2022-2030)
    • 電動貨車市場：最有可能的情景
    • 電動貨車市場：前景樂觀
    • 電動貨車市場：悲觀情景

第 6 章電動貨車市場：按範圍

  • 介紹
  • 100 英裡或更少
  • 100-200 英裡
  • 超過 200 英裡
  • 重要見解

第 7 章電動貨車市場：按電池類型分類

  • 介紹
  • 鎳錳鈷
  • 鋰離子
  • 其他
  • 主要行業考慮因素

第 8 章電動貨車市場：按最終用途分類

  • 介紹
  • 最後一英裡交付
  • 現場服務
  • 配送服務
  • 冷藏服務
  • 主要行業考慮因素

第 9 章電動貨車市場：按電池容量分類

  • 介紹
  • 50 千瓦時或以下
  • 50kWh 或更多
  • 主要行業考慮因素

第 10 章電動貨車市場：按推進方式

  • 介紹
  • BEV(純電動汽車)
  • FCEV(燃料電池汽車)
  • PHEV(插電式混合動力汽車)
  • 主要行業考慮因素

第 11 章電動貨車市場：按地區

  • 介紹
  • 亞太地區
    • 中國
    • 日本
    • 韓國
    • 印度
  • 歐洲
    • 德國
    • 英國
    • 荷蘭
    • 挪威
    • 法國
    • 意大利
    • 丹麥
    • 葡萄牙
    • 愛爾蘭
    • 比利時
    • 瑞士
    • 奧地利
    • 西班牙
    • 瑞典
  • 北美
    • 美國
    • 加拿大

第12章競爭格局

  • 概覽
  • 電動貨車市場：市場份額分析
    • GENERAL MOTORS
    • RENAULT
    • TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
    • BYD
    • FORD MOTOR COMPANY
  • 主要公司的戰略
  • 主要上市公司盈利分析
  • 競爭場景
    • 新產品發布
    • 資本交易
    • 其他
  • 公司評估象限
  • 初創企業/中小企業評級象限

第13章公司簡介

  • 主要公司
    • GENERAL MOTORS
    • RENAULT
    • TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
    • BYD
    • FORD MOTOR COMPANY
    • NISSAN MOTOR CORPORATION
    • MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA LTD.
    • IVECO
    • LONDON ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANY
    • FIAT
  • 其他企業
    • YINLONG ENERGY
    • GOLDEN DRAGON
    • RIVIAN
    • ZENITH MOTORS
    • WORKHORSE GROUP
    • ARRIVAL
    • KINGSTAR VEHICLE CO., LTD.
    • CHANJE ENERGY
    • LIGHTNING EMOTORS
    • KING LONG
    • CHANGSHA SUNDA NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

第14章 MarketsandMarkets建議

第15章 附錄

簡介目錄
Product Code: AT 8502

The electric van market is projected to reach 1,082.9 thousand units by 2030 from 106.8 thousand units in 2022, at a CAGR of 33.6% from 2022 to 2030. The increasing focus of countries on promoting the electrification of mass transit solutions due to increased concerns over pollution and government support in terms of subsidies and grants are propelling the growth of the electric van market.

"Reduction in battery prices"

Research is underway to increase the pack size of batteries to support a range of electric vans and reduce costs. The research focuses on conventional lithium-ion, advanced lithium-ion using an intermetallic anode (silicon alloy composite), and future advanced lithium-ion (lithium metal, including lithium-sulfur) batteries. In addition, companies are developing innovative battery technologies to stay competitive in the industry. For instance, ElectRoad's battery allows EVs to use very small and inexpensive batteries only for acceleration. Since the battery is only used for about 6% of the vehicle running time, it can increase the battery life by several years. Advancements in technology have also enabled wireless charging while driving, which is a dynamic charging technology that can also help reduce vehicle weight and optimize energy use. In April 2022, NITI Aayog, a policy think tank of the Government of India, announced its plan to reduce the goods and services tax on lithium-ion batteries from 18% to 5%.

"Lower emission compared to other vehicles"

The use of fuel cells in electric vans has resulted in the provision of reliable power for up to 18 hours with no emissions except water vapor. FCEVs use pure hydrogen as fuel. The residue of hydrogen fuel is only water and heat. Hence, no harmful substances, such as greenhouse gases and particulate matter, are emitted by these vehicles. The reduction of greenhouse gases through the use of FCEVs acts as a growth driver for the overall automotive fuel cell market. Fuels such as diesel and gasoline emit greenhouse gases such as CO2, CO, NOx, and hydrocarbons (HC). These gases and particulate matters lead to climate change and global warming. CO2 emissions from a gallon of gasoline and diesel are 8,887 g CO2/gallon and 10,180 g CO2/gallon, respectively. Hence, using hydrogen power energy not only for transportation but also for commercial and industrial purposes would reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly. FCEVs are among the cleanest fuel vehicles on the market.

"Implementation of stringent emission norms and environmental regulations"

The stringent regulations formulated for the reduction of C02 emissions are expected to transform the automotive sector in India, China, and Japan over the next decade. While automotive OEMs are focusing on the electrification of vehicles, consumers are becoming more aware of the impact of vehicular emissions on the environment. Governments are also taking effective measures, such as tax subsidies, to promote the adoption of electric vehicles. Hence, the electric van market will grow. As indicated by the WHO, a significant reason for deaths has been air contamination. Governments around the world are robustly putting resources into infrastructural advancements to diminish ozone-depleting substances and lower air pollutions, which are achieved through the framing of stringent government regulations over vehicle emissions. For instance, in India, the budget for FY2021 includes a scrappage policy which would help encourage the adoption of greener vehicles. The growth of the electric vehicle market is expected to offer new opportunities for electric van manufacturers. Thus, the shift towards electric vehicles is expected to facilitate the growth of the electric van market in the coming years.

The study contains insights from various industry experts, ranging from component suppliers to tier-1 companies and OEMs. The break-up of the primaries is as follows:

  • By Company Type: OEMs - 57%, Tier 1 - 29%, Tier 2 - 14%
  • By Designation: CXOs - 54%, Directors - 32%, Others - 14%
  • By Region: Asia Pacific- 28%, Europe - 43%, North America - 29%

Major players profiled in the report are General Motors (US), Renault (France), Toyota Motor Corporation (Japan), BYD (China), and Ford Motor Company (US).

Research Coverage

In this report, the electric van market has been segmented into three major regions, namely, North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific. The report estimates the size of the electric van market, by volume, based on range (up to 100 miles, 100-200 miles, and above 200 miles), battery type (nickel manganese cobalt, lithium-ion, and others), battery capacity (up to 50 kWh and above 50 kWh), propulsion (BEV, FCEV, and PHEV), and end use (last mile delivery, distribution services, field services, and refrigerated services).

Key Benefits of Buying the Report:

  • The report will help market leaders/new entrants in this market with information on the closest approximations of revenue and volume numbers for the electric van market and its subsegments.
  • This report will help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights to better position their businesses and plan suitable go-to-market strategies.
  • The report also helps stakeholders understand the pulse of the market and provides them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES
  • 1.2 MARKET DEFINITION
    • 1.2.1 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY END USE
    • 1.2.2 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION
    • 1.2.3 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE
  • 1.3 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS
  • 1.4 MARKET SCOPE
    • 1.4.1 MARKETS COVERED
    • FIGURE 1 MARKET SEGMENTATION
    • 1.4.2 YEARS CONSIDERED
  • 1.5 CURRENCY CONSIDERED
    • TABLE 1 CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES (PER USD)
  • 1.6 STAKEHOLDERS

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 2.1 RESEARCH DATA
    • FIGURE 2 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN
    • 2.1.1 SECONDARY DATA
      • 2.1.1.1 Key data from secondary sources
      • 2.1.1.2 List of secondary sources
    • 2.1.2 PRIMARY DATA
      • 2.1.2.1 Key data from primary sources
      • 2.1.2.2 List of participating companies for primary research
      • 2.1.2.3 Key industry insights
      • 2.1.2.4 Breakdown of primary interviews
    • FIGURE 3 BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARY INTERVIEWS: BY COMPANY, DESIGNATION, AND REGION
  • 2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION
    • FIGURE 4 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
    • 2.2.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
    • FIGURE 5 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY FOR ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
    • 2.2.2 TOP-DOWN APPROACH
    • FIGURE 6 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY FOR ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: TOP-DOWN APPROACH
  • 2.3 FACTOR ANALYSIS
    • 2.3.1 FACTOR ANALYSIS FOR MARKET SIZING: DEMAND AND SUPPLY SIDES
  • 2.4 DATA TRIANGULATION
    • FIGURE 7 DATA TRIANGULATION
  • 2.5 ASSUMPTIONS
  • 2.6 RISK ASSESSMENT
  • 2.7 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

    • FIGURE 8 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: MARKET DYNAMICS
    • FIGURE 9 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2022 VS. 2030 (UNITS)
    • FIGURE 10 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022 VS. 2030 (UNITS)

4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS

  • 4.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN ELECTRIC VAN MARKET
    • FIGURE 11 INCREASED GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES TO DRIVE ELECTRIC VAN MARKET
  • 4.2 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION
    • FIGURE 12 BEV PROJECTED TO BE LARGER MARKET (2022-2030) (UNITS)
  • 4.3 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY
    • FIGURE 13 ABOVE 50 KWH PROJECTED TO BE LARGEST SEGMENT IN ELECTRIC VAN MARKET (2022-2030) (UNITS)
  • 4.4 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY END USE
    • FIGURE 14 LAST MILE DELIVERY SEGMENT TO HAVE HIGHEST GROWTH DURING FORECAST PERIOD (UNITS)
  • 4.5 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE
    • FIGURE 15 LITHIUM-ION SEGMENT TO ACQUIRE LARGER MARKET SHARE, (2022-2030) (UNITS)
  • 4.6 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY RANGE
    • FIGURE 16 100-200 MILES SEGMENT PROJECTED TO BE LARGER SEGMENT OF ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, (2022-2030) (UNITS)
  • 4.7 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION
    • FIGURE 17 ASIA PACIFIC ESTIMATED TO ACCOUNT FOR LARGEST MARKET SHARE IN 2022

5 MARKET OVERVIEW

  • 5.1 INTRODUCTION
    • FIGURE 18 ROLE OF STARTUPS IN ELECTRIC VEHICLE ECOSYSTEM
    • TABLE 2 IMPACT OF MARKET DYNAMICS
  • 5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS
    • FIGURE 19 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: MARKET DYNAMICS
    • 5.2.1 DRIVERS
      • 5.2.1.1 Increased demand for emission-free and energy-efficient mass transit solutions
    • FIGURE 20 EU E-VANS EMISSION TARGETS FOR 2027
      • 5.2.1.2 Reduction in battery prices
    • FIGURE 21 DECLINE IN BATTERY PRICE/KWH, 2010-2020
      • 5.2.1.3 Lower emissions compared to other vehicles
    • 5.2.2 RESTRAINTS
      • 5.2.2.1 High development cost
      • 5.2.2.2 Concerns over battery safety
    • FIGURE 22 BATTERY SAFETY ARCHITECTURE
      • 5.2.2.3 Lower vehicle range to hamper long-distance logistics
    • TABLE 3 ELECTRIC VAN DATA BASED ON RANGE
    • 5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES
      • 5.2.3.1 Government support for electrification of public transport
    • TABLE 4 GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS TO PROMOTE EVS
      • 5.2.3.2 Implementation of stringent emission norms and environmental regulations
    • TABLE 5 KEY COUNTRIES: EMISSION REGULATION SPECIFICATIONS OVERVIEW, BY FUEL TYPE, 2016-2021
      • 5.2.3.3 Use of electric vans for fleets and commercial applications
    • TABLE 6 MAJOR EV FLEET TARGETS
    • 5.2.4 CHALLENGES
      • 5.2.4.1 Limited battery capacity
    • TABLE 7 BATTERY CAPACITIES OF POPULAR ELECTRIC VANS
      • 5.2.4.2 Lack of charging infrastructure
    • TABLE 8 INDIA: SPECIFICATIONS OF CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE
  • 5.3 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES
    • FIGURE 23 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET
    • TABLE 9 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: IMPACT OF PORTER'S FIVE FORCES
    • 5.3.1 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
    • 5.3.2 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
    • 5.3.3 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS
    • 5.3.4 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
    • 5.3.5 INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY
  • 5.4 MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS
    • 5.4.1 GDP TRENDS AND FORECAST FOR MAJOR ECONOMIES
    • TABLE 10 GDP TRENDS AND FORECAST, BY MAJOR ECONOMIES, 2018-2026 (USD BILLION)
  • 5.5 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET ECOSYSTEM
    • FIGURE 24 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS
    • 5.5.1 OEM
    • 5.5.2 RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS
    • 5.5.3 COMPONENT MANUFACTURERS
    • 5.5.4 CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE
    • TABLE 11 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: ROLE OF COMPANIES IN ECOSYSTEM
  • 5.6 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
    • FIGURE 25 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
  • 5.7 PRICING ANALYSIS
    • TABLE 12 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: AVERAGE PRICE (USD), 2022
  • 5.8 PATENT ANALYSIS
    • TABLE 13 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: PATENTED DOCUMENTS ANALYSIS, BY PUBLISHED, FILED, AND GRANTED (2015-2021)
  • 5.9 REGULATORY OVERVIEW
    • 5.9.1 NORTH AMERICA
    • TABLE 14 NORTH AMERICA: POLICIES AND INITIATIVES SUPPORTING HYDROGEN-POWERED VEHICLES AND HYDROGEN INFRASTRUCTURE
    • 5.9.2 EUROPE
    • TABLE 15 EUROPE: POLICIES AND INITIATIVES SUPPORTING HYDROGEN-POWERED VEHICLES AND HYDROGEN INFRASTRUCTURE
    • 5.9.3 ASIA PACIFIC
    • TABLE 16 ASIA PACIFIC: POLICIES AND INITIATIVES SUPPORTING HYDROGEN-POWERED VEHICLES AND HYDROGEN INFRASTRUCTURE
  • 5.10 CASE STUDIES
    • 5.10.1 ADOPTION OF ELECTRIC MOBILITY FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN INDIA
    • 5.10.2 ELECTRIC VEHICLE FLEETS IN PUBLIC SECTOR
  • 5.11 TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IN ELECTRIC VAN MARKET
    • FIGURE 26 TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IN ELECTRIC VAN MARKET
  • 5.12 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS
    • 5.12.1 SMART CHARGING SYSTEM
    • FIGURE 27 SMART EV CHARGING SYSTEM
    • 5.12.2 IOT IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES
    • 5.12.3 PACKAGED FUEL CELL SYSTEM MODULES
    • FIGURE 28 NEW PACKAGED FUEL CELL SYSTEM MODULE BY TOYOTA
    • 5.12.4 METHANE FUEL CELLS
  • 5.13 KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA
    • 5.13.1 KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS
    • TABLE 17 INFLUENCE OF INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS ON PURCHASE OF ELECTRIC VANS
    • 5.13.2 BUYING CRITERIA
  • 5.14 DETAILED LIST OF CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2022-2023
    • TABLE 18 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: DETAILED LIST OF CONFERENCES AND EVENTS
  • 5.15 LIST OF REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
    • TABLE 19 ASIA PACIFIC: LIST OF REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
    • TABLE 20 NORTH AMERICA: LIST OF REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
    • TABLE 21 EUROPE: LIST OF REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
  • 5.16 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, SCENARIOS (2022-2030)
    • 5.16.1 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, MOST LIKELY SCENARIO
    • TABLE 22 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET (MOST LIKELY), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 5.16.2 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, OPTIMISTIC SCENARIO
    • TABLE 23 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET (OPTIMISTIC), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 5.16.3 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, PESSIMISTIC SCENARIO
    • TABLE 24 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET (PESSIMISTIC), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)

6 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY RANGE

  • 6.1 INTRODUCTION
    • FIGURE 29 ABOVE 200 MILES SEGMENT TO REGISTER HIGHER CAGR
    • TABLE 25 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY RANGE, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 26 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY RANGE, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 6.1.1 OPERATIONAL DATA
    • TABLE 27 ELECTRIC VAN DATA BASED ON RANGE
    • 6.1.2 ASSUMPTIONS
    • TABLE 28 ASSUMPTIONS: BY RANGE
    • 6.1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
  • 6.2 UP TO 100 MILES
    • 6.2.1 AFFORDABLE ELECTRIC VANS TO BOOST SEGMENT
    • TABLE 29 UP TO 100 MILES ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 30 UP TO 100 MILES ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 6.3 100-200 MILES
    • 6.3.1 AIDS LONG-DISTANCE TRANSPORT
    • TABLE 31 100-200 MILES ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 32 100-200 MILES ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 6.4 ABOVE 200 MILES
    • 6.4.1 ADVANCED BATTERY TECHNOLOGY
    • TABLE 33 ABOVE 200 MILES ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 6.5 KEY PRIMARY INSIGHTS

7 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE

  • 7.1 INTRODUCTION
    • FIGURE 30 LITHIUM-ION TO DOMINATE ELECTRIC VAN MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD
    • TABLE 34 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 35 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 7.1.1 OPERATIONAL DATA
    • TABLE 36 ELECTRIC VAN DATA, BATTERY TYPE
    • 7.1.2 ASSUMPTIONS
    • 7.1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
  • 7.2 NICKEL MANGANESE COBALT
    • 7.2.1 LOW COST AND HIGHER LIFE CYCLE OF NICKEL CELLS TO DRIVE MARKET
    • TABLE 37 NICKEL MANGANESE COBALT BATTERIES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 38 NICKEL MANGANESE COBALT BATTERIES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 7.3 LITHIUM-ION
    • 7.3.1 LOW COST OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES TO DRIVE MARKET
    • TABLE 39 LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 40 LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 7.4 OTHERS
    • 7.4.1 DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND LOW WEIGHT BATTERIES TO DRIVE MARKET
    • TABLE 41 OTHER BATTERIES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 42 OTHER BATTERIES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 7.5 KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS

8 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY END USE

  • 8.1 INTRODUCTION
    • FIGURE 31 LAST MILE DELIVERY MARKET SEGMENT TO DOMINATE MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD
    • TABLE 43 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY END USE, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 44 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY END USE, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 8.1.1 OPERATIONAL DATA
    • TABLE 45 ELECTRIC VAN DATA, END USE
    • 8.1.2 ASSUMPTIONS
    • 8.1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
  • 8.2 LAST MILE DELIVERY
    • 8.2.1 PRESENCE OF E-COMMERCE COMPANIES TO BOOST MARKET
  • 8.3 FIELD SERVICES
    • 8.3.1 INCREASED USE IN HEALTHCARE FACILITIES
  • 8.4 DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
    • 8.4.1 GROWTH OF LOGISTICS SECTOR TO DRIVE MARKET
  • 8.5 REFRIGERATED SERVICES
    • 8.5.1 NEED TO DISTRIBUTE GOODS AT SPECIFIC TEMPERATURES TO FUEL MARKET
  • 8.6 KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS

9 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY

  • 9.1 INTRODUCTION
    • FIGURE 32 ABOVE 50 KWH SEGMENT TO LEAD MARKET
    • TABLE 46 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 47 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 9.1.1 OPERATIONAL DATA
    • TABLE 48 ELECTRIC VAN VEHICLE MODELS, BY BATTERY CAPACITY
    • 9.1.2 ASSUMPTIONS
    • TABLE 49 ASSUMPTIONS: BY BATTERY CAPACITY
    • 9.1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
  • 9.2 UP TO 50 KWH
    • 9.2.1 INTRACITY DELIVERY USING ELECTRIC VANS TO DRIVE SEGMENT
    • TABLE 50 UP TO 50 KWH: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 51 UP TO 50 KWH: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 9.3 ABOVE 50 KWH
    • 9.3.1 HEAVY-DUTY ELECTRIC VANS TO LEAD MARKET
    • TABLE 52 ABOVE 50 KWH: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 53 ABOVE 50 KWH: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 9.4 KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS

10 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION

  • 10.1 INTRODUCTION
    • FIGURE 33 BEV SEGMENT TO ACQUIRE MAJOR MARKET SHARE DURING FORECAST PERIOD
    • TABLE 54 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 55 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 10.1.1 OPERATIONAL DATA
    • TABLE 56 ELECTRIC VAN DATA BASED ON PROPULSION TYPE
    • 10.1.2 ASSUMPTIONS
    • 10.1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
  • 10.2 BEV
    • 10.2.1 INCREASED DEMAND FOR ZERO-EMISSION VEHICLES TO BOOST SEGMENT
    • TABLE 57 BEV ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 58 BEV ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 10.3 FCEV
    • 10.3.1 SHIFT TOWARD FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLES TO DRIVE SEGMENT
    • TABLE 59 FCEV ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 10.4 PHEV
    • 10.4.1 IMPROVEMENT IN CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE TO DRIVE SEGMENT
    • TABLE 60 PHEV ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 61 PHEV ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 10.5 KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS

11 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION

  • 11.1 INTRODUCTION
    • FIGURE 34 EUROPE TO ACCOUNT FOR LARGEST SIZE OF ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, 2022 VS. 2030 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 62 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 63 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 11.2 ASIA PACIFIC
    • TABLE 64 ASIA PACIFIC: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 65 ASIA PACIFIC: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • FIGURE 35 ASIA PACIFIC: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET SNAPSHOT
    • 11.2.1 CHINA
      • 11.2.1.1 High production of vehicles to boost market
    • TABLE 66 CHINA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 67 CHINA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.2.2 JAPAN
      • 11.2.2.1 Driven by technological advancements
    • TABLE 68 JAPAN: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 69 JAPAN: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.2.3 SOUTH KOREA
      • 11.2.3.1 Increased investments in electric vehicles
    • TABLE 70 SOUTH KOREA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 71 SOUTH KOREA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.2.4 INDIA
      • 11.2.4.1 Increased market for last mile delivery
    • TABLE 72 INDIA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 11.3 EUROPE
    • TABLE 73 EUROPE: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 74 EUROPE: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.1 GERMANY
      • 11.3.1.1 Presence of major players
    • TABLE 75 GERMANY: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 76 GERMANY: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.2 UK
      • 11.3.2.1 Investments in ultra-low emission vehicles
    • TABLE 77 UK: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 78 UK: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.3 NETHERLANDS
      • 11.3.3.1 Heavy investments by OEMs to increase production bases
    • TABLE 79 NETHERLANDS: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 80 NETHERLANDS: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.4 NORWAY
      • 11.3.4.1 Logistics industry to replace conventional means of transport with electric vans
    • TABLE 81 NORWAY: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 82 NORWAY: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.5 FRANCE
      • 11.3.5.1 Purchase grants by government
    • TABLE 83 FRANCE: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 84 FRANCE: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.6 ITALY
      • 11.3.6.1 Government focus on greener vehicles
    • TABLE 85 ITALY: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 86 ITALY: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.7 DENMARK
      • 11.3.7.1 Government promotion of private infrastructure
    • TABLE 87 DENMARK: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 88 DENMARK: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.8 PORTUGAL
      • 11.3.8.1 Expansion of electric vehicle charging infrastructure
    • TABLE 89 PORTUGAL: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 90 PORTUGAL: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.9 IRELAND
      • 11.3.9.1 Presence of popular e-van manufacturers
    • TABLE 91 IRELAND: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 92 IRELAND: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.10 BELGIUM
      • 11.3.10.1 High adoption rate of electric commercial vehicles
    • TABLE 93 BELGIUM: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 94 BELGIUM: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.11 SWITZERLAND
      • 11.3.11.1 Increased awareness of vehicle emissions
    • TABLE 95 SWITZERLAND: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 96 SWITZERLAND: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.12 AUSTRIA
      • 11.3.12.1 Increasing postal services
    • TABLE 97 AUSTRIA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 98 AUSTRIA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.13 SPAIN
      • 11.3.13.1 Increasing market for B2C services
    • TABLE 99 SPAIN: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 100 SPAIN: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.3.14 SWEDEN
      • 11.3.14.1 Increased market for refrigerated services
    • TABLE 101 SWEDEN: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 102 SWEDEN: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
  • 11.4 NORTH AMERICA
    • TABLE 103 NORTH AMERICA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 104 NORTH AMERICA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • FIGURE 36 NORTH AMERICA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET SNAPSHOT
    • 11.4.1 US
      • 11.4.1.1 Increased production capacity of electric vehicles
    • TABLE 105 US: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 106 US: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)
    • 11.4.2 CANADA
      • 11.4.2.1 Increased use of LCVs
    • TABLE 107 CANADA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018-2021 (UNITS)
    • TABLE 108 CANADA: ELECTRIC VAN MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2022-2030 (UNITS)

12 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

  • 12.1 OVERVIEW
  • 12.2 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS FOR ELECTRIC VAN MARKET
    • TABLE 109 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2021
    • FIGURE 37 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2021
    • 12.2.1 GENERAL MOTORS
    • 12.2.2 RENAULT
    • 12.2.3 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
    • 12.2.4 BYD
    • 12.2.5 FORD MOTOR COMPANY
  • 12.3 KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES
    • TABLE 110 OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY PLAYERS IN ELECTRIC VAN MARKET
  • 12.4 REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP LISTED/PUBLIC PLAYERS
    • FIGURE 38 TOP PUBLIC/LISTED PLAYERS DOMINATING ELECTRIC VAN MARKET DURING LAST FIVE YEARS
  • 12.5 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO
    • 12.5.1 NEW PRODUCT LAUNCHES
    • TABLE 111 NEW PRODUCT LAUNCHES, 2018-2022
    • 12.5.2 DEALS
    • TABLE 112 DEALS, 2018-2022
    • 12.5.3 OTHERS
    • TABLE 113 OTHERS, 2018-2022
  • 12.6 COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT
    • 12.6.1 STARS
    • 12.6.2 EMERGING LEADERS
    • 12.6.3 PERVASIVE PLAYERS
    • 12.6.4 PARTICIPANTS
    • FIGURE 39 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2022
    • TABLE 114 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: COMPANY FOOTPRINT, 2022
    • TABLE 115 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: PRODUCT FOOTPRINT, 2022
    • TABLE 116 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: REGIONAL FOOTPRINT, 2022
  • 12.7 STARTUP/SME EVALUATION QUADRANT
    • 12.7.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES
    • 12.7.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES
    • 12.7.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES
    • 12.7.4 STARTING BLOCKS
    • FIGURE 40 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: STARTUP/SME EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2022
    • TABLE 117 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: DETAILED LIST OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES
    • TABLE 118 ELECTRIC VAN MARKET: COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING OF KEY PLAYERS [STARTUPS/SMES]

13 COMPANY PROFILES

  • (Business overview, Products offered, Recent developments & MnM View)**
  • 13.1 KEY PLAYERS
    • 13.1.1 GENERAL MOTORS
    • TABLE 119 GENERAL MOTORS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
    • FIGURE 41 GENERAL MOTORS: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
    • TABLE 120 GENERAL MOTORS: PRODUCTS OFFERED
    • TABLE 121 GENERAL MOTORS: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS
    • TABLE 122 GENERAL MOTORS: DEALS
    • TABLE 123 GENERAL MOTORS: OTHERS
    • 13.1.2 RENAULT
    • TABLE 124 RENAULT: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
    • FIGURE 42 RENAULT: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
    • TABLE 125 RENAULT: PRODUCTS OFFERED
    • TABLE 126 RENAULT: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS
    • TABLE 127 RENAULT: DEALS
    • TABLE 128 RENAULT: OTHERS
    • 13.1.3 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
    • TABLE 129 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
    • FIGURE 43 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
    • FIGURE 44 GLOBAL DATA BY REGION
    • TABLE 130 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION: PRODUCTS OFFERED
    • TABLE 131 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS
    • TABLE 132 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION: DEALS
    • TABLE 133 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION: OTHERS
    • 13.1.4 BYD
    • TABLE 134 BYD: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
    • FIGURE 45 BYD: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
    • TABLE 135 BYD: PRODUCTS OFFERED
    • TABLE 136 BYD: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS
    • TABLE 137 BYD: DEALS
    • TABLE 138 BYD: OTHERS
    • 13.1.5 FORD MOTOR COMPANY
    • TABLE 139 FORD MOTOR COMPANY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
    • FIGURE 46 FORD MOTOR COMPANY: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
    • TABLE 140 FORD MOTOR COMPANY: PRODUCTS OFFERED
    • TABLE 141 FORD MOTOR COMPANY: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS
    • TABLE 142 FORD MOTOR COMPANY: DEALS
    • TABLE 143 FORD MOTOR COMPANY: OTHERS
    • 13.1.6 NISSAN MOTOR CORPORATION
    • TABLE 144 NISSAN MOTOR CORPORATION: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
    • FIGURE 47 NISSAN MOTOR CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
    • FIGURE 48 GLOBAL VEHICLE RETAIL SALES (2021)
    • TABLE 145 NISSAN MOTOR CORPORATION: PRODUCTS OFFERED
    • TABLE 146 NISSAN MOTOR CORPORATION: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS
    • TABLE 147 NISSAN MOTOR CORPORATION: DEALS
    • TABLE 148 NISSAN MOTOR CORPORATION: OTHERS
    • 13.1.7 MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA LTD.
    • TABLE 149 MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA LTD.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
    • FIGURE 49 MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
    • FIGURE 50 MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA LTD.: MANUFACTURING PLANTS IN INDIA
    • FIGURE 51 MANUFACTURING FACILITIES GLOBALLY
    • TABLE 150 MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA LTD.: PRODUCTS OFFERED
    • TABLE 151 MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA LTD: DEALS
    • TABLE 152 MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA LTD.: OTHERS
    • 13.1.8 IVECO
    • TABLE 153 IVECO: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
    • TABLE 154 IVECO: PRODUCTS OFFERED
    • TABLE 155 IVECO: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS
    • TABLE 156 IVECO: DEALS
    • 13.1.9 LONDON ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANY
    • TABLE 157 LONDON ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
    • TABLE 158 LONDON ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANY: PRODUCTS OFFERED
    • TABLE 159 LONDON ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANY: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS
    • TABLE 160 LONDON ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANY: DEALS
    • 13.1.10 FIAT
    • TABLE 161 FIAT: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
    • TABLE 162 FIAT: PRODUCTS OFFERED
    • TABLE 163 FIAT: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS
    • TABLE 164 FIAT: DEALS
  • *Details on Business overview, Products offered, Recent developments & MnM View might not be captured in case of unlisted companies.
  • 13.2 OTHER PLAYERS
    • 13.2.1 YINLONG ENERGY
    • 13.2.2 GOLDEN DRAGON
    • 13.2.3 RIVIAN
    • 13.2.4 ZENITH MOTORS
    • 13.2.5 WORKHORSE GROUP
    • 13.2.6 ARRIVAL
    • 13.2.7 KINGSTAR VEHICLE CO., LTD.
    • 13.2.8 CHANJE ENERGY
    • 13.2.9 LIGHTNING EMOTORS
    • 13.2.10 KING LONG
    • 13.2.11 CHANGSHA SUNDA NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

14 RECOMMENDATIONS BY MARKETSANDMARKETS

  • 14.1 BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLES TO BE KEY FOCUS MARKET FOR ELECTRIC VANS
  • 14.2 REFRIGERATED SERVICES SEGMENT TO BE MAJOR MARKET FOR ELECTRIC VANS
  • 14.3 CONCLUSION

15 APPENDIX

  • 15.1 KEY INSIGHTS FROM INDUSTRY EXPERTS
  • 15.2 DISCUSSION GUIDE
  • 15.3 KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS' SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL
  • 15.4 CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS
  • 15.5 RELATED REPORTS
  • 15.6 AUTHOR DETAILS