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全球鐵路數位化市場 - 2023-2030Global Rail Digitalization Market - 2023-2030 |
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2022年,全球鐵路數位化市場規模達617億美元,預計2030年將達到1,188億美元,2023-2030年預測期間年複合成長率為8.7%。
數位化簡化了鐵路營運,使其更有效率且更具成本效益,其中包括更好的調度、預測性維護和最佳化的路線規劃。感測器、人工智慧和物聯網等數位技術可以透過檢測和預防事故、監控軌道狀況並確保遵守安全法規來提高安全性。數位化可以透過線上預訂、即時更新列車狀態和車載 Wi-Fi 等功能來增強乘客體驗。
與在公路上行駛和飛行相比,使用鐵路被認為更環保。為了使鐵路具有吸引力並有益於環境,各國政府和組織正在投資數位化。作為交通戰略的一部分,許多政府正在投資鐵路基礎設施的數位化,以減少交通、污染和能源使用。根據歐洲鐵路 FP2 R2DATO 的數據,到 2030 年,鐵路和水路運輸量將大幅轉向鐵路和水路運輸,高速鐵路運輸量將增加一倍。
北美是全球鐵路數位化市場的成長地區之一,涵蓋了超過2/5的市場,且該地區的鐵路基礎設施老化,需要現代化。透過數位化,可以以合理的成本升級和提高目前營運的鐵路系統的效率。電子商務和全球貿易正在增加北美貨運的需求。數位化有潛力提高鐵路的運能和可靠性,而鐵路是貨運供應鏈的重要組成部分。
更多的人轉向城市化趨勢增加了客流量。城市居民可以搭乘交通工具上下班,這減少了他們對私家車的依賴。數位化讓鐵路出遊更有效率、更方便。線上訂票系統、移動售票和火車時刻表的即時更新使乘客更容易選擇火車作為他們的交通方式。
根據地鐵新聞報道,2023 年 9 月,世界上一些最大的鐵路網運載了數百萬人。印度鐵路透過促進市場一體化和社區互聯互通,在國家發展中發揮了重要作用。印度鐵路公司是全國最大的雇主和鐵路服務的主要提供商,擁有超過 130 萬名員工。到 2050 年,預計所有鐵路活動的 40% 將來自印度鐵路產業。 2022年,印度鐵路分別運送了80.86億人次和14.181億噸貨物。
各國政府認知到,鐵路數位化可以顯著實現鐵路系統現代化並提高其效率,其中包括最佳化列車時刻表、透過預測性維護減少停機時間和簡化營運。高效、現代化的鐵路系統透過改善連通性、降低運輸成本和促進貿易來促進經濟成長。各國政府將鐵路數位化視為促進經濟發展的一種方式。
例如,2023 年 9 月 22 日,印度鐵路公司正在透過促進鐵路旅客的數位交易來積極推動數位印度計畫。 310 個火車站透過 1755 個服務提供者和 14 個食品聚合商提供電子餐飲服務,這些服務允許乘客在預訂電子機票時或在火車上預訂自己選擇的餐食。
平均每天透過電子餐飲服務提供 41,844 餐。為推動火車站食品購買數位化交易,8,878個靜態單元配備了數位支付設施,鼓勵旅客在餐飲服務上進行數位支付。
物聯網感測器、資料分析和自動化等工業 4.0 技術使鐵路營運商能夠最佳化營運。預測性維護、列車和軌道的即時監控以及自動調度可以顯著提高效率和生產力。數位化可以透過預測性維護、最佳化能源消耗以及簡化物流和供應鏈流程來最大限度地減少停機時間,從而幫助降低營運成本。
據塔塔ELXSI 稱,2021 年3 月,採用物聯網進行鐵路資產管理和預防性維護正在改變產業,提供對各種鐵路子系統的即時監控和控制,其中包括從娛樂系統到動力總成的一切,有助於提高效率和乘客體驗。鐵路業的數位化是一個持續的過程,其標誌是工業4.0、鐵路4.0和數位鐵路的出現。
重點關注領域包括增強乘客體驗、開發行動應用程式、實施電子票務、部署自動列車監管系統、確保網路安全、探索無人駕駛列車技術以及創建用於預測性維護的數位平台。
在鐵路行業實施數位化可能成本高昂。對基礎設施、感測器、資料分析工具和網路安全措施的初始投資可能是巨大的。較小的鐵路營運商可能會發現為此類項目分配必要的資金具有挑戰性。許多鐵路系統仍然依賴傳統的基礎設施和技術。將數位解決方案與這些舊系統整合可能非常複雜且成本高昂。對現有鐵路資產進行數位化改造可能需要進行重大修改。
數位鐵路系統的連接性和資料共享不斷增加,網路攻擊和資料外洩的風險成為一個重大問題。確保敏感乘客和營運資料的安全是當務之急,但也可能具有挑戰性。實現不同鐵路系統之間的無縫互通性,尤其是在全球背景下,可能具有挑戰性。必須建立資料交換和通訊協定的標準才能順利運作。
Global Rail Digitalization Market reached US$ 61.7 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach US$ 118.8 billion by 2030, growing with a CAGR of 8.7% during the forecast period 2023-2030.
Digitalization streamlines rail operations, making them more efficient and cost-effective and this includes better scheduling, predictive maintenance and optimized route planning. Digital technologies such as sensors, AI and IoT can improve safety by detecting and preventing accidents, monitoring track conditions and ensuring compliance with safety regulations. Digitalization can enhance the passenger experience through features like online booking, real-time updates on train status and onboard Wi-Fi.
Compared to driving on the road and flying, using the railway is considered to be more environmentally friendly. In order to make rail appealing and environmentally beneficial, governments and organizations are investing in digitization. As part of their transportation strategies, many governments are investing in the digitalization of rail infrastructure to reduce traffic, pollution and energy use. According to Europe Rail FP2 R2DATO, there is a substantial shift towards rails and waterways by 75% and traffic in high-speed railways will be double by 2030.
North America is among the growing regions in the global rail digitalization market covering more than 2/5th of the market and the region's rail infrastructure is aging and there is a need for modernization. The efficiency of currently operating rail systems may be upgraded and increased at a reasonable cost through digitalization. E-commerce and global trade are increasing demand for freight transportation in North America. Digitalization has the potential to increase the capacity and dependability of railroads, an essential component in the freight supply chain.
More people shifting towards the urbanization trend has increased passenger traffic. Urban residents are able to commute to work by transport, which lessens their reliance on private vehicles. Digitalization has made rail travel more efficient and convenient. Online booking systems, mobile ticketing and real-time updates on train schedules have made it easier for passengers to choose trains as their mode of transport.
According to Metro Rail News, in September 2023, some of the biggest railway networks in the world carried millions of people. The Indian Railways have played a significant role in the development of the nation by facilitating market integration and community connectivity. The largest employer in the country and the primary provider of railway services, Indian Railways, employs more than 1.3 million people. By 2050, it is expected that 40% of all rail activity will originate from the Indian railway industry. The Indian Railways moved 8.086 billion people and 1,418.1 million tonnes of freight in 2022, respectively.
Governments recognize that rail digitalization can significantly modernize and improve the efficiency of their railway systems and this includes optimizing train schedules, reducing downtime through predictive maintenance and streamlining operations. An efficient and modern railway system contributes to economic growth by improving connectivity, reducing transportation costs and facilitating trade. Governments see rail digitalization as a way to boost economic development.
For instance, on 22 September 2023, Indian Railways is actively promoting the Digital India initiative by facilitating digital transactions for railway travelers. E-catering services are available at 310 railway stations through 1755 service providers and 14 food aggregators and these services allow passengers to pre-order meals of their choice either at the time of booking an e-ticket or while traveling on a train.
On average, 41,844 meals are supplied per day through E-Catering services. To promote digital transactions for the purchase of food items at railway stations, 8878 static units have been equipped with digital payment facilities, this initiative aims to encourage passengers to make digital payments for catering services.
Industry 4.0 technologies, such as IoT sensors, data analytics and automation, enable rail operators to optimize operations. Predictive maintenance, real-time monitoring of trains and tracks and automated scheduling can significantly improve efficiency and productivity. Digitalization can help reduce operational costs by minimizing downtime through predictive maintenance, optimizing energy consumption and streamlining logistics and supply chain processes.
According to Tata ELXSI, in March 2021, the adoption of IoT for asset management and preventive maintenance in railways is transforming the industry by providing real-time monitoring and control of various rail subsystems and this includes everything from entertainment systems to the powertrain, contributing to improved efficiency and passenger experience. Digitization in the rail industry is an ongoing process, marked by the emergence of industry 4.0, railway 4.0 and digital railways.
Key areas of focus include enhancing passenger experiences, developing mobile applications, implementing e-ticketing, deploying automatic train supervision systems, ensuring cybersecurity, exploring driverless train technologies and creating digital platforms for predictive maintenance.
Implementing digitalization in the rail industry can be expensive. The initial investment in infrastructure, sensors, data analytics tools and cybersecurity measures can be substantial. Smaller rail operators may find it challenging to allocate the necessary funds for such projects. Many rail systems still rely on legacy infrastructure and technologies. Integrating digital solutions with these older systems can be complex and costly. Retrofitting existing rail assets for digitalization may require significant modifications.
The increased connectivity and data sharing in digital rail systems, the risk of cyberattacks and data breaches becomes a significant concern. Ensuring the security of sensitive passenger and operational data is a priority but can be challenging. Achieving seamless interoperability between different rail systems, especially in a global context, can be challenging. Standards for data exchange and communication protocols must be established to enable smooth operations.
The global rail digitalization market is segmented based on solution, service, application and region.
Rail companies are under pressure to enhance their operations more efficiently. Remote monitoring enables operators to make informed decisions and make the most of their resources by allowing for real-time tracking of train performance, infrastructure condition and equipment health. By avoiding breakdowns, reducing maintenance downtime and extending the lifespan of rail assets, remote monitoring lowers operational expenses. Additionally, it saves time and money by reducing the need for manual inspections and on-site maintenance.
For instance, on 12 July 2022, Digitalization in North American rail freight is transforming the industry by connecting freight railcar air brake data to cloud analytics. RailPulse, a coalition of railcar owners and Nexxiot, an IoT and analytics provider, are working together to digitize transport assets and this includes equipping railcars with IoT sensors and data connectivity to monitor air brake systems, this digitalization allows for automated brake tests, predictive maintenance and real-time monitoring of brake performance.
Asia-Pacific is dominating the global rail digitalization market and rapid urbanization as there are 4.2 billion of the global population in Asian cities. For these heavily populated urban regions to have effective mass transit alternatives, rail networks are crucial. In order to solve transportation issues, reduce emissions and encourage economic growth, governments around the region are investing extensively in rail infrastructure. High-speed rail, metro systems and the modernization of current rail networks are instances of such regular projects.
For instance, on 17 August 2021, The Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Asia-Pacific Railway Forum 2021, themed "Smart Rail, Better Future Mobility," concluded with a focus on achieving operational efficiency for urban mass transit systems, especially through driverless operations and workflow management. The event brought together more than 1300 participants from the railway industry, including key customers and partners like the Hong Kong Mass Transit Railway Corporation, Singapore Mass Rapid Transit Limited and Arup Group Limited.
The major global players in the market include Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, Hitachi Rail Limited, Cisco Systems, Inc., Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Asea Brown Boveri, Toshiba Infrastructure Systems & Solutions Corporation, DXC Technology Company, Tego, Inc., Uptake Technologies Inc. and ZEDAS GmbH.
The pandemic forced many rail operators to expedite their digital transformation efforts. With reduced staff and social distancing measures in place, there was a greater need for remote monitoring, predictive maintenance and automation and this led to increased investments in digital technologies. The need for remote monitoring of rail assets, such as tracks, signals and rolling stock, became more critical during the pandemic.
Changing travel restrictions and safety protocols, rail operators relied on digital platforms and mobile apps to provide passengers with real-time information about train schedules, occupancy levels and safety measures and this enhanced the passenger experience and promoted safety. The pandemic highlighted the importance of data analytics in predicting and responding to changes in passenger demand and operational disruptions. Rail companies increasingly turned to data-driven insights to adjust schedules and optimize resources.
Many rail operators faced budget constraints due to reduced passenger numbers and revenue during the pandemic and this limited their ability to invest in new digital technologies and delayed some digitalization projects. The global supply chain disruptions caused by the pandemic affected the availability of digital equipment and components needed for rail digitalization projects. Delays in the supply chain hindered the implementation of some digital solutions.
AI-powered predictive maintenance systems analyze data from sensors and equipment to predict when maintenance is required and this reduces downtime, lowers maintenance costs and enhances the reliability of rail services. AI algorithms can analyze real-time data from cameras and sensors to detect safety risks, such as obstacles on the tracks or unauthorized access to rail facilities.
AI can optimize rail schedules, route planning and energy consumption. Machine learning algorithms can adjust schedules in real-time based on factors like weather conditions, track availability and passenger demand, leading to more efficient operations. AI-driven chatbots and virtual assistants can provide real-time information to passengers, answer their queries and offer personalized recommendations. AI can also help optimize ticket pricing and seat allocation for better passenger experiences.
For instance, on 17 September 2023, the Indian Railways conducted a successful trial of an Artificial Intelligence module called 'Ideal Train Profile' aimed at addressing the issue of waiting lists for train tickets and this AI-driven module has shown promising results by reducing the size of waiting lists by approximately five to six percent and this development marks a significant step in how the Indian Railways manages its berth inventory, offering hope for shorter waiting times for passengers looking to book train tickets.
The conflict may lead to damage to rail infrastructure, including tracks, stations and signaling systems, this damage can disrupt rail operations and hamper ongoing digitalization efforts. Rebuilding and repairing infrastructure will be a priority before implementing digital technologies. The economic repercussions of the war, including sanctions and reduced trade, can strain the budgets of rail operators and governments and this may lead to delays or cutbacks in digitalization projects, as funding priorities shift to more immediate needs.
The conflict can disrupt supply chains for digital equipment and components needed for rail digitalization projects. Delays in the delivery of technology and materials can hinder the implementation of digital solutions. In times of conflict, the risk of cyberattacks on critical infrastructure, including rail systems, increases. Rail operators will need to invest in robust cybersecurity measures to protect their digital infrastructure from potential threats.
The global rail digitalization market report would provide approximately 61 tables, 62 figures and 182 Pages.
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