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2023-2030 年汽車檢測全球市場
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1255853

2023-2030 年汽車檢測全球市場

Global Automotive Testing Market - 2023-2030
出版日期: | 出版商: DataM Intelligence | 英文 212 Pages | 商品交期: 約2個工作天內

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※ 本網頁內容可能與最新版本有所差異。詳細情況請與我們聯繫。

簡介目錄

市場概覽

印度的汽車檢測行業充滿活力且競爭激烈，許多國內和全球參與者推動了市場的增長。 前五名公司佔各自市場份額的39.46%。 SGS SA,URS Products and Testing Pvt. Limited,Intertek,印度汽車研究協會 (ARAI),汽車測試系統是市場上的主要參與者。

為了獲得競爭優勢，主要參與者正在實施各種創新戰略。 印度汽車檢測市場的擴張歸因於主要市場參與者對新生產技術的採用,收購和合作。

市場動態

汽車需求上升

歐洲輕型商用車 (LCV) 和中型商用車 (MCV) 製造商正在尋求提高安全性能。 由於政府和環保部門的限制越來越多，車輛檢查範圍有望成為LCV和MCV的典型特徵。

在德國，隨著汽車產量的增加和電動化,無人駕駛等技術創新，預計汽車檢測服務的需求和使用將會增加。 例如，根據 IEA 的數據，德國將在 2021 年繼續成為歐洲電動汽車銷量的領先市場，電動汽車佔新車銷量的 25%。

此外，2021 年 3 月，獨立測試研究所 (ISP) 在德國西北部的薩爾茨貝根開設了一個全新的 EV 電池測試設施。 該設施將為電動汽車電池提供全面的測試服務。

例如，2022 年 6 月，JTUV Rheinland 在荷蘭和德國的 Avantis 商業園啟用了最先進的電動汽車驅動電池獨立測試設施。 該實驗室是同類實驗室中最大的實驗室之一，佔地 2,200 多平方米。

日益增加的安全問題

安全問題以及對車輛檢查和標準的認識不斷提高是關鍵問題之一。 例如，電動汽車的一個主要缺點是由於動力總成部件過熱而容易起火，這是車主最關心的問題。

而且多年來，電動汽車火災造成了嚴重的損失，包括財產損失和平民傷亡。 例如，2019年法國就發生多起汽車起火事故，財產損失超過10億日元。

福特公司已在英國召回一款型號的插電式混合動力電動汽車“Kuga”，原因是發現有缺陷的電池可能會在充電時過熱並著火。。 因此，歐洲地區的電動汽車製造商對電動汽車的車輛檢測服務越來越感興趣。

以特斯拉為例，在發生三起廣為人知的車輛起火事故後，特斯拉在研發和測試標准上投入了大量時間和金錢，以提升其在客戶中的品牌形象。

COVID-19 影響分析

除了 COVID 前,COVID 和 COVID 後情景外，COVID-19 分析還包括價格動態（包括大流行期間的價格變化以及相對於 COVID 前情景的價格變化）,供需範圍（交易限制, lockdowns），由於後續問題導致的供需變化），政府舉措（政府機構為振興市場，部門和行業所做的努力），以及製造商的戰略舉措（製造商為緩解 COVID 問題所做的努力）。我正在解釋。

內容

第 1 章研究方法和範圍

  • 調查方法
  • 調查目的和範圍

第 2 章定義和概述

第 3 章執行摘要

  • 按類型細分
  • 按產品細分
  • 按行業分類
  • 按地區細分

第 4 章力學

  • 影響因素
    • 主持人
      • 對汽車的需求不斷增長
    • 約束因素
      • 安全問題日益嚴重
    • 機會
    • 影響分析

第五章行業分析

  • 波特的五力分析
  • 供應鏈分析
  • 價格分析
  • 監管分析

第 6 章 COVID-19 分析

  • COVID-19 分析
    • 在 COVID-19 情景之前
    • 當前的 COVID-19 情景
    • COVID-19 後或未來情景
  • COVID-19 中的價格動態
  • 供需範圍
  • 大流行期間與市場相關的政府舉措
  • 製造商的戰略舉措
  • 結論

第 7 章按類型

  • 自動駕駛汽車和聯網汽車
    • 專用短程通信 (DSRC) 測試和認證
    • 關於 ADAS（高級駕駛輔助系統）測試
    • 卡車和公路車隊測試
    • 功能安全
    • 整車認證服務
    • 其他
  • 汽車用液壓油
    • 灰塵分離測試
    • 潤滑油和燃油系統
    • 燃油/機油測試 - 發動機和實驗室
    • 其他
  • 電氣零件/電子產品
    • 經過認證的 EMC 測試
    • 電池測試
    • 嗡嗡聲和嘎嘎聲 (BSR)
    • 耐久性測試
    • 汽車零部件的電氣/EMC 測試
    • 環境測試
    • 故障檢查 (FMVT)
    • 噪聲測量（刺，dB）
    • 耐久性測試/生命週期
    • 高度模擬
    • 測量技術
    • 汽車前照燈和照明燈具測試
    • 防止入侵/入侵 (IP)
    • 遠程信息處理和無線測試
    • 振動測試/振動分析
    • 其他
  • 電動汽車/電動汽車
    • 汽車電池和電動汽車檢測
    • 電動汽車零部件測試
    • 電動汽車領域的服務
    • 電動汽車
    • 充電基礎設施
    • 互操作性研究
    • 環境績效
    • 電池安全測試
    • 其他
  • 材料/零件 - 複合材料,塑料,金屬
    • 汽車材料耐候性測試
    • 化學測試和分析
    • 永久功能測試
    • 汽車零部件的最終產品檢驗
    • 聚合物/塑料
    • 無損檢測 (NDT) 服務
    • 質量控制
    • 汽車材料測試
    • 環境暴露（-45°C 至 177°C）
    • 汽車揮發性有機化合物 (VOC) 測試
    • 其他
  • 發動機齒輪
    • 發動機研發和廢氣排放
    • 噪聲測量（刺，dB）
    • 齒輪測試
    • 發動機耐久性測試
    • 汽車內燃機測試
    • RDE/PEMS 測試
    • 灰塵分離過程
    • 其他
  • 環境測試
    • 熱衝擊/機械衝擊
    • 振動測試
    • 灰塵,霧,鹽水,紫外線
    • 其他
  • 系統測試
    • 現場性能數據的收集和分析
    • 動力傳動系統測試（包括混合動力汽車和電動機）
    • 車隊測試服務
    • 除塵法
    • 其他
  • 碰撞測試
  • 其他

第 8 章按產品

  • 發動機發電機計
  • 車輪定位測試儀
  • 底盤測功機
  • 汽車尾氣檢測儀
  • 傳動測功機
  • 噴油泵測試儀
  • 高級電池分析儀
  • 耐久性測試儀
  • 耐力測試員
  • 可燃性測試儀
  • 氣體分析儀
  • 衝擊試驗機,壓碎試驗機
  • 扭轉疲勞試驗機
  • 振動測試儀
  • 其他

第 9 章行業

  • 乘用車
  • 商用車

第10章按地區

  • 北美
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 歐洲
    • 德國
    • 英國
    • 法國
    • 意大利
    • 俄羅斯
    • 其他歐洲
  • 南美洲
    • 巴西
    • 阿根廷
    • 其他南美洲
  • 亞太地區
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 澳大利亞
    • 其他亞太地區
  • 中東和非洲

第11章競爭格局

  • 競爭場景
  • 市場分析/份額分析
  • 併購分析

第12章公司簡介

  • SGS SA
    • 公司簡介
    • 產品組合和說明
    • 財務摘要
    • 主要發展
  • Automotive Test Systems
  • The Automotive Research Association of India（ARAI）
  • URS Products and Testing Pvt. Limited
  • iCAT
  • TUV Rheinland
  • Embitel
  • Sigma Test & Research Centre
  • AVL List GmbH
  • DEKRA

第13章附錄

簡介目錄
Product Code: AUTR272

Market Overview

The global automotive testing market reached US$ XX million in 2022 and is projected to witness lucrative growth by reaching up to US$ XX million by 2030. The market is growing at a CAGR of XX% during the forecast period (2023-2030).

The automotive testing industry in India is dynamic and competitive, with numerous local and global firms driving the market's growth. The top five corporations control 39.46% of the respective market's share. SGS SA, URS Products and Testing Pvt. Limited, Intertek, The Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) and Automotive Test Systems are key players in the market

To gain a competitive advantage, the major players are implementing various innovative strategies. The expansion of the Indian automotive testing market is attributed to the adoption of new production techniques, acquisitions and collaborations by key market players.

Market Dynamics

The rising demand for vehicles

Manufacturers of light commercial vehicles (LCV) and medium commercial vehicles (MCV) around Europe seek to enhance safety features. Due to the escalating constraints from governmental and environmental authorities, the scope for automobile testing is anticipated to become a typical feature in LCVs and MCVs.

The demand for and uptake of automotive testing services in Germany is anticipated to rise along with increased automotive production and innovations like electrified and driverless vehicles. For instance, according to the IEA, Germany continued to be the leading European market in EVs sold in 2021, with electric vehicles making up 25% of all new cars sold.

Additionally, the independent testing institution (ISP) opened its brand-new EV battery testing facility in Salzbergen, northwest Germany, in March 2021. The facility is planned to provide complete testing services for an EV battery.

For instance, a modern independent test facility for electrical vehicle drive batteries was inaugurated by JTUV Rheinland in June 2022 at the Dutch-German Avantis business park. The laboratory is one of the biggest of its kind, covering an area of over 2,200 square meters.

The growing safety concerns

Rising safety concerns and awareness of car testing and standards are some of the key issues. For example, a significant drawback of electric vehicles is their propensity to catch fire due to overheating the powertrain components, a big source of worry for owners.

Over the years, the electric vehicle catching fire has also resulted in severe harm, including the destruction of property and casualties among civilians. For instance, in France in 2019, there were numerous automobile fires and more than a billion losses of directed property.

The Ford business issued a recall for one of its plug-in hybrid Kuga electric vehicle models in UK after discovering that, in some cases, defective batteries had overheated while charging and caught fire. As a result, electric car manufacturers in the European region are becoming more interested in automotive testing services for electric vehicles.

For instance, Tesla spent a lot of time and money on R&D and its testing standards to improve its brand image among customers after three widely publicized vehicle fires caused a wave of negative press.

COVID-19 Impact Analysis

The COVID-19 Analysis includes Pre-COVID Scenario, COVID Scenario and Post-COVID Scenario along with Pricing Dynamics (Including pricing change during and post-pandemic comparing it with pre-COVID scenarios), Demand-Supply Spectrum (Shift in demand and supply owing to trading restrictions, lockdown and subsequent issues), Government Initiatives (Initiatives to revive market, sector or Industry by Government Bodies) and Manufacturers Strategic Initiatives (What manufacturers did to mitigate the COVID issues will be covered here).

Segment Analysis

The global automotive testing market is segmented based on type, product, vertical and region.

Growing investments in automotive testing to meet the specifications and standards for safety, functionality, and performance

System Testing in the automotive testing market are expected to hold a significant global market share. Automotive Test Systems will introduce its new PFM30 fuel flowmeter and turnkey solution for ADAS validation, including test track control, GST, robots, pedestrian targets & static targets, synchronization software and VIL. In addition, the company will show off its new calibration lab, which includes calibrators for accelerometers, load cells, steering robots, fuel flow meters, data loggers and speed sensors. Automotive Test Systems will open a new component testing lab and an ADAS lab as part of its testing services.

Wheel systems, braking systems, steering systems and propulsion systems are examples of automotive systems. The operation and condition of the tires, suspension unit, shock absorber, wheel bearing and wheel alignment are all examined to ensure that the vehicle's stability is not jeopardized.

The steering system influences the vehicle's directional stability. During the inspection, excessive free play in joints and linkages is checked.

Geographical Analysis

Asia-Pacific's ongoing advancements in safety systems and technical advancements

The Asia-Pacific market would expand and this industry's development would be sped up by increasing urbanization and the creation of smart cities. Consumer spending has increased, driving the region's desire for automobiles.

Due to ongoing advances in security measures and technical advancements, Asia-Pacific is home to significant suppliers of automotive test equipment. Furthermore, many OEMs have either formed themselves or collaborated with domestic automakers due to low manufacturing costs and the accessibility of cheap labor.

An increase in consumer purchasing power is fueling the demand for cars in the area. Some OEMs have also created their production facilities or partnered with domestic automakers as a result of the low cost of production.

Most providers for the automotive testing market are based in Asia-Pacific, which is expected to grow at the fastest rate in the next years due to ongoing improvements in safety systems and technology.

Furthermore, as players employ different tactics for their expansion, the region can anticipate an increase in demand for automotive testing. For instance, to build a battery testing facility in Bangkok, TUV SUD collaborated with Thailand's Ministry of Industry and Thailand Automotive Institute (TAI) in April 2019.

Additionally, several helpful government initiatives in these regions to restore the automobile industry, which felt the heat of COVID-19, are anticipated to accelerate market expansion.

Competitive Landscape

The major global players in the market include: SGS SA, Intertek Group Plc, Robert Bosch Gmbh, Anritsu, Siemens AG, D&V Electronics, TUV RHEINLAND, Dekra, UL Solutions, Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co KG, Element and AVL List GmbH.

Why Purchase the Report?

  • To visualize the global automotive testing market segmentation based on type, product, vertical and region, as well as understand key commercial assets and players.
  • Identify commercial opportunities by analyzing trends and co-development.
  • Excel data sheet with numerous data points of automotive testing market-level with all segments.
  • PDF report consists of a comprehensive analysis after exhaustive qualitative interviews and an in-depth study.
  • Product mapping available as excel consisting of key products of all the major players.

The global automotive testing market report would provide approximately 93 tables, 80 figures and 212 Pages.

Target Audience 2023

  • Manufacturers/ Buyers
  • Industry Investors/Investment Bankers
  • Research Professionals
  • Emerging Companies

Table of Contents

1. Methodology and Scope

  • 1.1. Research Methodology
  • 1.2. Research Objective and Scope of the Report

2. Definition and Overview

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Snippet by Type
  • 3.2. Snippet by Product
  • 3.3. Snippet by Vertical
  • 3.4. Snippet by Region

4. Dynamics

  • 4.1. Impacting Factors
    • 4.1.1. Drivers
      • 4.1.1.1. The rising demand for vehicles
      • 4.1.1.2. XX
    • 4.1.2. Restraints
      • 4.1.2.1. The growing safety concerns
      • 4.1.2.2. XX
    • 4.1.3. Opportunity
      • 4.1.3.1. XX
    • 4.1.4. Impact Analysis

5. Industry Analysis

  • 5.1. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 5.2. Supply Chain Analysis
  • 5.3. Pricing Analysis
  • 5.4. Regulatory Analysis

6. COVID-19 Analysis

  • 6.1. Analysis of COVID-19
    • 6.1.1. Before COVID-19 Scenario
    • 6.1.2. Present COVID-19 Scenario
    • 6.1.3. Post COVID-19 or Future Scenario
  • 6.2. Pricing Dynamics Amid COVID-19
  • 6.3. Demand-Supply Spectrum
  • 6.4. Government Initiatives Related to the Market During Pandemic
  • 6.5. Manufacturers Strategic Initiatives
  • 6.6. Conclusion

7. By Type

  • 7.1. Introduction
    • 7.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Type
    • 7.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Type
  • 7.2. Autonomous and Connected Vehicles *
    • 7.2.1. Introduction
    • 7.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
    • 7.2.3. Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) Testing & Certification
    • 7.2.4. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Testing
    • 7.2.5. Track and On-Road Fleet Testing
    • 7.2.6. Functional Safety
    • 7.2.7. Full Vehicle Homologation Services
    • 7.2.8. Others
  • 7.3. Automotive Fluids
    • 7.3.1. Dust Separation Test
    • 7.3.2. Lubricants & Fuel Systems
    • 7.3.3. Testing Fuels / Oils - Engines and Laboratories
    • 7.3.4. Others
  • 7.4. Electrical Components and Electronics
    • 7.4.1. Accredited EMC Test
    • 7.4.2. Battery Test
    • 7.4.3. Buzz Squeaking and Rattle (BSR)
    • 7.4.4. Durability Testing
    • 7.4.5. Electrical and EMC Testing for Automotive Components
    • 7.4.6. Environmental Testing
    • 7.4.7. Fault Check (FMVT)
    • 7.4.8. Noise Measurements (Sones, dB)
    • 7.4.9. Durability Test / Life Cycle
    • 7.4.10. Altitude Simulation
    • 7.4.11. Measuring Technology
    • 7.4.12. Automotive Headlamps & Luminaire Testing
    • 7.4.13. Protection Against Intrusion/Penetration (IP)
    • 7.4.14. Telematics & Wireless Testing
    • 7.4.15. Vibration Testing & Analysis
    • 7.4.16. Others
  • 7.5. Electro Mobility / Electric Vehicles
    • 7.5.1. Automotive Battery and Electric Vehicle Testing
    • 7.5.2. Electrical Vehicle Component Testing
    • 7.5.3. Services in the Field of Electro Mobility
    • 7.5.4. Electric Mobility
    • 7.5.5. Charging Infrastructure
    • 7.5.6. Interoperability Studies
    • 7.5.7. Environmental Performance
    • 7.5.8. Battery Safety Testing
    • 7.5.9. Others
  • 7.6. Materials and Components - Composites, Plastics and Metals
    • 7.6.1. Automotive Materials Weathering Testing
    • 7.6.2. Chemical Testing and Analysis
    • 7.6.3. Permanent function test
    • 7.6.4. Final Product Inspection of Automotive Components
    • 7.6.5. Polymers & Plastics
    • 7.6.6. Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) Services
    • 7.6.7. Quality control
    • 7.6.8. Automotive Materials Testing
    • 7.6.9. Environmental exposure (-45 ° C to 177 ° C)
    • 7.6.10. Automotive Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Testing
    • 7.6.11. Others
  • 7.7. Engine and Gears
    • 7.7.1. Engine Research, Development and Emissions
    • 7.7.2. Noise measurements (Sones, dB)
    • 7.7.3. Gear Test
    • 7.7.4. Engine Endurance and Durability Testing
    • 7.7.5. Automotive Internal Engine Tests
    • 7.7.6. RDE / PEMS Test
    • 7.7.7. Dust Separation Process
    • 7.7.8. Others
  • 7.8. Environmental Testing
    • 7.8.1. Thermal Shock / Mechanical Shock
    • 7.8.2. Vibration Testing
    • 7.8.3. Dust, Fog, Salt Spray, UV
    • 7.8.4. Others
  • 7.9. System Testing
    • 7.9.1. Field Performance Data Collection and Analysis
    • 7.9.2. Driveline Test (Including Hybrids and eMotors)
    • 7.9.3. Fleet Testing Services
    • 7.9.4. Dust-Settling Method
    • 7.9.5. Others
  • 7.10. Crash Test
  • 7.11. Others

8. By Product

  • 8.1. Introduction
    • 8.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 8.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Product
  • 8.2. Engine Dynamo Meter*
    • 8.2.1. Introduction
    • 8.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 8.3. Wheel Alignment Tester
  • 8.4. Chassis Dynamo Meter
  • 8.5. Vehicle Emission Tester
  • 8.6. Transmission Dynamometer
  • 8.7. Fuel Injection Pump Tester
  • 8.8. Advanced Battery Analyzer
  • 8.9. Durability Tester
  • 8.10. Endurance Tester
  • 8.11. Flammability Tester
  • 8.12. Gas Analyzer
  • 8.13. Impact Or Crush Testers
  • 8.14. Torsional Fatigue Tester
  • 8.15. Vibration Tester
  • 8.16. Others

9. By Vertical

  • 9.1. Introduction
    • 9.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Vertical
    • 9.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Vertical
  • 9.2. Passenger Vehicle*
    • 9.2.1. Introduction
    • 9.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 9.3. Commercial Vehicle

10. By Region

  • 10.1. Introduction
    • 10.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Region
    • 10.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Region
  • 10.2. North America
    • 10.2.1. Introduction
    • 10.2.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.2.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Type
    • 10.2.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 10.2.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Vertical
    • 10.2.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.2.6.1. U.S.
      • 10.2.6.2. Canada
      • 10.2.6.3. Mexico
  • 10.3. Europe
    • 10.3.1. Introduction
    • 10.3.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.3.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Type
    • 10.3.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 10.3.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Vertical
    • 10.3.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.3.6.1. Germany
      • 10.3.6.2. UK
      • 10.3.6.3. France
      • 10.3.6.4. Italy
      • 10.3.6.5. Russia
      • 10.3.6.6. Rest of Europe
  • 10.4. South America
    • 10.4.1. Introduction
    • 10.4.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.4.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Type
    • 10.4.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 10.4.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Vertical
    • 10.4.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.4.6.1. Brazil
      • 10.4.6.2. Argentina
      • 10.4.6.3. Rest of South America
  • 10.5. Asia-Pacific
    • 10.5.1. Introduction
    • 10.5.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.5.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Type
    • 10.5.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 10.5.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Vertical
    • 10.5.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.5.6.1. China
      • 10.5.6.2. India
      • 10.5.6.3. Japan
      • 10.5.6.4. Australia
      • 10.5.6.5. Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • 10.6. Middle East and Africa
    • 10.6.1. Introduction
    • 10.6.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.6.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Type
    • 10.6.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 10.6.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Vertical

11. Competitive Landscape

  • 11.1. Competitive Scenario
  • 11.2. Market Positioning/Share Analysis
  • 11.3. Mergers and Acquisitions Analysis

12. Company Profiles

  • 12.1. SGS SA*
    • 12.1.1. Company Overview
    • 12.1.2. Product Portfolio and Description
    • 12.1.3. Financial Overview
    • 12.1.4. Key Developments
  • 12.2. Automotive Test Systems
  • 12.3. The Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI)
  • 12.4. URS Products and Testing Pvt. Limited
  • 12.5. iCAT
  • 12.6. TUV Rheinland
  • 12.7. Embitel
  • 12.8. Sigma Test & Research Centre
  • 12.9. AVL List GmbH
  • 12.10. DEKRA

LIST NOT EXHAUSTIVE

13. Appendix

  • 13.1. About Us and Services
  • 13.2. Contact Us