Acetonitrile的全球市場調查報告-產業分析,規模,佔有率,成長,趨勢,2022年~2028年前的預測
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1152427

Acetonitrile的全球市場調查報告-產業分析,規模,佔有率,成長,趨勢,2022年~2028年前的預測

Global Acetonitrile Market Research Report - Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast 2022 to 2028

出版日期: | 出版商: Value Market Research | 英文 230 Pages | 商品交期: 最快1-2個工作天內

價格

Value Market Research深入調查Acetonitrile的全球市場,並預測未來幾年行業將出現顯著增長。本研究報告提供全球Acetonitrile市場相關之完全產業分析,提供市場規模、市場佔有率、增長趨勢、2023年至2028年的預測等。該報告以詳細的市場介紹和突出報告關鍵增長數據的執行摘要為首。接續的章節討論市場價值鏈、波特五力模型和市場吸引力分析。同時還設立關於COVID-19影響分析的獨立章節,以了解市場如何應對疫情。

本報告的市場動態部分詳細介紹了當前的市場推動因素/阻礙、課題/風險和未來機遇。本節對企業戰略家和新產品開發部門非常有用。Acetonitrile全球市場調查將市場細分化,並根據收益和/或銷售額的視點提供市場規模。該數據地區細分,同時國家/地區細分。數據是通過深入的初級訪談和世界各地的行業專家收集而來。詳細的調查方法可以在樣本報告中找到。這些市場預測受到最新的社會、政治和經濟變化以及影響該乙晴市場的當前市場動態所影響。

Acetonitrile市場報告的子章節提供市場競爭力調查,提供一些領先的市場參與者/製造商簡介。這些章節涵括可深入了解競爭對手的產品線、財務狀況、最新發展以及在行業中擁有最高市場佔有率公司所需的豐富資訊。

本報告的觀察對象國家如下列。

北美:美國,加拿大,墨西哥

歐洲:英國,德國,法國,義大利,俄羅斯,西班牙,其他歐洲各國

亞太地區:中國,印度,日本,韓國,澳洲,其他APAC的其他各國

南美:巴西,阿根廷,秘魯,智利,其他南美國家地區

中東·非洲地區:沙烏地阿拉伯,UAE,以色列,南非

本報告的市場區隔如下列。

各類型

衍生物

溶劑

各終端用戶

製藥

分析產業

農藥

開採

其他

各用途

有機合成

功能性化學品

開採

高效液相層析用溶媒

去氧核糖核酸·核糖核酸合成領域

目錄

第1章 序文

  • 本報告的內容
    • 目的
    • 主要讀者
    • 獨特的銷售主張(USP)和報價環
  • 調查範圍
  • 調查手法
    • 市場調查流程
    • 市場調查手法

第2章 摘要整理

  • Acetonitrile市場概況
  • Acetonitrile的全球市場概述

第3章 Acetonitrile- 產業分析

  • 簡介
  • Acetonitrile市場推動市場要素
  • Acetonitrile市場阻礙市場要素
  • Acetonitrile市場機會
  • Acetonitrile市場趨勢
  • Acetonitrile市場波特五力分析
  • Acetonitrile市場魅力度分析
    • 各類型市場魅力分析
    • 各終端用戶市場魅力分析
    • 各應用領域市場魅力分析
    • 各地區市場魅力分析

第4章 價值鏈分析

  • Acetonitrile的價值鏈分析
  • Acetonitrile原料的分析
    • 原料的清單
    • Acetonitrile原料的製造原清單
    • Acetonitrile主要原料的價格趨勢
  • 潛在的買主清單
  • 行銷流通管道
    • 直銷
    • 間接行銷
    • 行銷流通管道的新興國家市場開拓趨勢

第5章 Acetonitrile的全球市場分析:各類型

  • 各類型概要
  • Acetonitrile的全球市場各類型分析
  • 衍生物的各地區市場分析
  • 溶媒的各地區市場分析

第6章 Acetonitrile的全球市場分析:各終端用戶

  • 各終端用戶概要
  • 各終端用戶Acetonitrile的全球市場分析
  • 醫藥品的各地區市場分析
  • 分析產業的各地區市場分析
  • 農藥的各地區市場分析
  • 萃取物的各地區市場分析
  • 各地區其他市場分析

第7章:Acetonitrile的全球市場分析:各用途

  • 各應用領域概要
  • Acetonitrile的全球市場分析:各用途概要
  • 有機合成的各地區市場分析
  • 功能性化學品的各地區市場分析
  • 萃取物的各地區市場分析
  • 高效液相層析用溶媒的各地區市場分析
  • 去氧核糖核酸·核糖核酸合成的各地區市場分析

第8章 Acetonitrile的全球市場分析:各地區

  • 各地區的展望
  • 簡介
  • 北美
    • 概要
    • 北美的各國Acetonitrile市場估計
    • 美國
    • 北美以外的地區
  • 歐洲
    • 歐洲概要
    • 歐洲的Acetonitrile市場估計(市場部門別
    • 歐洲的Acetonitrile市場各國估計
    • 英國
    • 法國
    • 德國
    • 其他的歐洲地區
  • 亞太地區
    • 概要
    • 亞太地區的Acetonitrile市場估計(市場部門別
    • 亞太地區的Acetonitrile市場各國估計
    • 中國
    • 日本
    • 印度
    • 其他亞太地區
  • 南美
    • 概要
    • 南美的Acetonitrile市場預測:市場部門別
    • 南美的Acetonitrile市場預測:各國
    • 巴西
    • 其他南美國家地區
  • 中東·非洲地區
    • 概要
    • 中東·非洲的Acetonitrile市場預測:市場部門別
    • 中東·非洲的Acetonitrile市場預測(各國
    • 中東地區
    • 非洲

第9章 Acetonitrile各公司的競爭情形

  • Acetonitrile市場競爭形勢
  • 夥伴關係/合作/協定
  • 合併·收購
  • 新產品的上市
  • 其他的開發

第10章 企業簡介

  • 企業佔有率分析
  • 市場集中度
  • INEOS AG
    • 企業概要
    • 產品介紹
    • 最近的開發情形
  • Formosa Plastic Corporation
    • 公司概要
    • 產品介紹
    • 最近的開發情形
  • Asahi Kasei Corporation
    • 公司概要
    • 產品資訊
    • 最近的開發情形
  • Imperial Chemical Corporation
    • 公司概要
    • 產品資訊
    • 最近的開發情形
  • Avantor Performance Materials, LLC
    • 公司概要
    • 產品資訊
    • 最近的開發情形
  • Nova Molecular Technologies, Inc.
    • 公司概要
    • 產品資訊
    • 最近的開發情形
  • Tedia Company, Inc.
    • 公司概要
    • 產品資訊
    • 最近的開發情形
  • Shanghai Secco Petrochemical Company Limited
    • 公司概要
    • 產品資訊
    • 最近的開發情形
  • Qingdao Shida Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 公司概要
    • 產品資訊
    • 最近的開發情形
  • Nantong Acetic Acid Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 公司概要
    • 產品資訊
    • 最近的開發情形
  • Taekwang Industrial Co., Ltd.
    • 公司概要
    • 產品資訊
    • 最新資訊

在公司簡介中,財務細節和最近的發展基於可取得的現有信息,可能不包含非上市公司。

Product Code: VMR11211496

Value Market Research deeply researched the Global Acetonitrile Market to foresee a significant growth in the industry over the upcoming years. The global acetonitrile market report provides a complete industry analysis, market size, market share, growth trends, and forecasts for 2023 to 2028. The report starts with a detailed market introduction and an executive summary that highlights the report's key growth numbers. The subsequent chapters discuss the value chain of the market, Porter's Five Forces Model, and market attractiveness analysis. An exclusive chapter on COVID-19 impact analysis has been added to understand how the market has responded to the pandemic.

The market dynamics section of the report elaborates the current market drivers, restraints along with the challenges/risks and upcoming opportunities. This section can be of high interest for any company's strategists and new product development department. The global acetonitrile market study segments the market and provides the market size in terms of revenue and/ or sales. This data is bifurcated by region and later by countries. The data is collected through detailed primary interviews and industry experts across the world. The detailed methodology can be seen in our sample reports. These market estimates are also influenced by the latest social, political and economic changes along with the current market dynamics that are affecting this acetonitrile market.

The next sections of the acetonitrile market report studies the market competitiveness and profiles some key market players/manufacturers. These sections are knowledgeable for understanding the competitor's product-line, their financials, recent developments and the top market share owners in the industry.

Countries Covered in the report are as below:

North America - United States, Canada, and Mexico

Europe - United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, Russia, Spain & Rest of Europe

Asia-Pacific - China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia & Rest of APAC

Latin America - Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Chile & Rest of Latin America

Middle East and Africa - Saudi Arabia, UAE, Israel, South Africa

Market Segmentation in the report is as below-

By Type

Derivative

Solvent

By End-User

Pharmaceutical

Analytical Industry

Agrochemical

Extraction

Others

By Application

Organic Synthesis

Specialty Chemicals

Extraction

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Solvents

Deoxyribonucleic Acid & Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 . PREFACE

  • 1.1. Report Description
    • 1.1.1. Objective
    • 1.1.2. Target Audience
    • 1.1.3. Unique Selling Proposition (USP) & offerings
  • 1.2. Research Scope
  • 1.3. Research Methodology
    • 1.3.1. Market Research Process
    • 1.3.2. Market Research Methodology

2 . EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • 2.1. Highlights of Acetonitrile Market
  • 2.2. Global Acetonitrile Market Snapshot

3 . ACETONITRILE - INDUSTRY ANALYSIS

  • 3.1. Introduction
  • 3.2. Market Drivers of Acetonitrile Market
  • 3.3. Market Restraints of Acetonitrile Market
  • 3.4. Opportunities of Acetonitrile Market
  • 3.5. Trends of Acetonitrile Market
  • 3.6. Porter's Five Force Analysis of Acetonitrile Market
  • 3.7. Acetonitrile Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 3.7.1 Market Attractive Analysis by Type
    • 3.7.2 Market Attractive Analysis by End-User
    • 3.7.3 Market Attractive Analysis by Application
    • 3.7.4 Market Attractive Analysis by Region

4 . VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS

  • 4.1. Acetonitrile Value Chain Analysis
  • 4.2. Acetonitrile Raw Material Analysis
    • 4.2.1. List of Raw Materials
    • 4.2.2. Acetonitrile Raw Material Manufactures List
    • 4.2.3. Price Trend of Acetonitrile Key Raw Materials
  • 4.3. List of Potential Buyers
  • 4.4. Marketing Channel
    • 4.4.1. Direct Marketing
    • 4.4.2. Indirect Marketing
    • 4.4.3. Marketing Channel Development Trend

5 . GLOBAL ACETONITRILE MARKET ANALYSIS BY TYPE

  • 5.1 Overview by Type
  • 5.2 Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type
  • 5.3 Market Analysis of Derivative by Regions
  • 5.4 Market Analysis of Solvent by Regions

6 . GLOBAL ACETONITRILE MARKET ANALYSIS BY END-USER

  • 6.1 Overview by End-User
  • 6.2 Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis by End-User
  • 6.3 Market Analysis of Pharmaceutical by Regions
  • 6.4 Market Analysis of Analytical Industry by Regions
  • 6.5 Market Analysis of Agrochemical by Regions
  • 6.6 Market Analysis of Extraction by Regions
  • 6.7 Market Analysis of Others by Regions

7 . GLOBAL ACETONITRILE MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION

  • 7.1 Overview by Application
  • 7.2 Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Application
  • 7.3 Market Analysis of Organic Synthesis by Regions
  • 7.4 Market Analysis of Specialty Chemicals by Regions
  • 7.5 Market Analysis of Extraction by Regions
  • 7.6 Market Analysis of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Solvents by Regions
  • 7.7 Market Analysis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid & Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis by Regions

8 . GLOBAL ACETONITRILE MARKET ANALYSIS BY GEOGRAPHY

  • 8.1. Regional Outlook
  • 8.2. Introduction
  • 8.3. North America
    • 8.3.1. Overview
    • 8.3.2. North America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Country
    • 8.3.3. United State
    • 8.3.4. Rest of North America
  • 8.4. Europe
    • 8.4.1. Overview
    • 8.4.2. Europe Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Market Segment
    • 8.4.3. Europe Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Country
    • 8.4.4. United Kingdom
    • 8.4.5. France
    • 8.4.6. Germany
    • 8.4.7 Rest of Europe
  • 8.5. Asia Pacific
    • 8.5.1. Overview
    • 8.5.2. Asia Pacific Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Market Segment
    • 8.5.3. Asia Pacific Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Country
    • 8.5.4. China
    • 8.5.5. Japan
    • 8.5.6. India
    • 8.5.7. Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 8.6. Latin America
    • 8.6.1. Overview
    • 8.6.2. Latin America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Market Segment
    • 8.6.3. Latin America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Country
    • 8.6.4. Brazil
    • 8.6.5. Rest of Latin America
  • 8.7. Middle East & Africa
    • 8.7.1. Overview
    • 8.7.2. Middle East & Africa Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Market Segment
    • 8.7.3. Middle East & Africa Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Country
    • 8.7.4. Middle East
    • 8.7.5. Africa

9 . COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE OF THE ACETONITRILE COMPANIES

  • 9.1. Acetonitrile Market Competition
  • 9.2. Partnership/Collaboration/Agreement
  • 9.3. Merger And Acquisitions
  • 9.4. New Product Launch
  • 9.5. Other Developments

10 . COMPANY PROFILES OF ACETONITRILE INDUSTRY

  • 10.1. Company Share Analysis
  • 10.2. Market Concentration Rate
  • 10.3. INEOS AG
    • 10.3.1. Company Overview
    • 10.3.2. Financials
    • 10.3.3. Products
    • 10.3.4. Recent Developments
  • 10.4. Formosa Plastic Corporation
    • 10.4.1. Company Overview
    • 10.4.2. Financials
    • 10.4.3. Products
    • 10.4.4. Recent Developments
  • 10.5. Asahi Kasei Corporation
    • 10.5.1. Company Overview
    • 10.5.2. Financials
    • 10.5.3. Products
    • 10.5.4. Recent Developments
  • 10.6. Imperial Chemical Corporation
    • 10.6.1. Company Overview
    • 10.6.2. Financials
    • 10.6.3. Products
    • 10.6.4. Recent Developments
  • 10.7. Avantor Performance Materials, LLC
    • 10.7.1. Company Overview
    • 10.7.2. Financials
    • 10.7.3. Products
    • 10.7.4. Recent Developments
  • 10.8. Nova Molecular Technologies, Inc.
    • 10.8.1. Company Overview
    • 10.8.2. Financials
    • 10.8.3. Products
    • 10.8.4. Recent Developments
  • 10.9. Tedia Company, Inc.
    • 10.9.1. Company Overview
    • 10.9.2. Financials
    • 10.9.3. Products
    • 10.9.4. Recent Developments
  • 10.10. Shanghai Secco Petrochemical Company Limited
    • 10.10.1. Company Overview
    • 10.10.2. Financials
    • 10.10.3. Products
    • 10.10.4. Recent Developments
  • 10.11. Qingdao Shida Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 10.11.1. Company Overview
    • 10.11.2. Financials
    • 10.11.3. Products
    • 10.11.4. Recent Developments
  • 10.12. Nantong Acetic Acid Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 10.12.1. Company Overview
    • 10.12.2. Financials
    • 10.12.3. Products
    • 10.12.4. Recent Developments
  • 10.13. Taekwang Industrial Co., Ltd.
    • 10.13.1. Company Overview
    • 10.13.2. Financials
    • 10.13.3. Products
    • 10.13.4. Recent Developments

Note - In company profiling, financial details and recent development are subject to availability or might not be covered in case of private companies

LIST OF TABLES

  • Global Acetonitrile Market Snapshot
  • Drivers of The Global Acetonitrile Market Impact Analysis
  • Restraints of The Global Acetonitrile Market Impact Analysis
  • List of Raw Material
  • List of Raw Material Manufactures
  • List of Potential Buyers
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Derivative by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Solvent by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis by End-User (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Pharmaceutical by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Analytical Industry by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Agrochemical by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Extraction by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Others by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Application (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Organic Synthesis by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Specialty Chemicals by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Extraction by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Solvents by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Deoxyribonucleic Acid & Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market by Geography (USD MN)
  • North America Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • North America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • North America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • North America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Country (USD MN)
  • United State Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • United State Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • United State Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Application (USD MN)
  • Rest of North America Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Rest of North America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Rest of North America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application(USD MN)
  • Europe Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Europe Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Europe Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • United Kingdom Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • United Kingdom Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • United Kingdom Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • France Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • France Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • France Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Germany Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Germany Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Germany Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Rest of Europe Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Rest of Europe Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Rest of Europe Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Asia Pacific Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Asia Pacific Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Asia Pacific Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Asia Pacific Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Country (USD MN)
  • China Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • China Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • China Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Japan Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Japan Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Japan Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • India Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • India Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • India Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Rest of Asia Pacific Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Rest of Asia Pacific Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Rest of Asia Pacific Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Latin America Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Latin America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Latin America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Latin America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Country (USD MN)
  • Brazil Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Brazil Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Brazil Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Rest of Latin America Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Rest of Latin America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Rest of Latin America Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Middle East & Africa Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Middle East & Africa Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Middle East & Africa Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Middle East & Africa Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Country (USD MN)
  • Middle East Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Middle East Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Middle East Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Africa Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Africa Acetonitrile Market Estimate by End-User (USD MN)
  • Africa Acetonitrile Market Estimate by Application (USD MN)
  • Partnership/Collaboration/Agreement
  • Mergers And Acquisiton
  • New Product Launch
  • Other Developments
  • Company Market Share Analysis

LIST OF FIGURES

  • Research Scope of Acetonitrile Report
  • Market Research Process
  • Market Research Methodology
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Size, by Region (USD MN)
  • Porters Five Forces Analysis
  • Market Attractiveness Analysis by Type
  • Market Attractiveness Analysis by End-User
  • Market Attractiveness Analysis by Application
  • Market Attractiveness Analysis by Region
  • Value Chain Analysis
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Type (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Derivative by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Solvent by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis by End-User (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Pharmaceutical by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Analytical Industry by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Agrochemical by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Extraction by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Others by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis by Application (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Organic Synthesis by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Specialty Chemicals by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Extraction by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Solvents by Geography (USD MN)
  • Global Acetonitrile Market Analysis in Deoxyribonucleic Acid & Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis by Geography (USD MN)
  • Latin America Acetonitrile Market by Revenue
  • Middle East & Africa Acetonitrile Market by Revenue
  • Recent Development in Acetonitrile Industry
  • Company Market Share Analysis

Kindly note that the above listed are the basic tables and figures of the report and are not limited to the TOC.