PreK-12 (K-12) 政策和預算展望：2023-2024

本報告審查了 PreK-12（幼兒園到高中）的政策和預算前景，概述了聯邦和州教育優先事項的總數和分配，以及課程限制和圖書館可用性。禁令、學校心理健康、包容和公平、槍支暴力等日益嚴重的社會問題、教師不滿、課堂連通性、關於計算機科學、網絡安全、隱私等不同主題的政策更新，以及增加的學校選擇我們還在考慮該法案，即 2024 年的預算批准。

內容

執行摘要

簡介和研究方法

• 調查方法
• 國家支出差異很大
• 對其他聯邦機構教育的貢獻
• 對 ESER FUNDING CLIFF 的回應
• 未來展望
• K-12 支出（按資金來源）
• 不確定性影響州預算預測
• 各州宣布增加資金
• 融資方式審查
• 課程限制和禁書
• 政治部門
• 限制影響
• 圖書禁令影響圖書館和教室
• 學校選擇和父母權利
• 家長在課堂上的權利
• 政策決定主題
• 計算機科學
• 職業和技術教育
• 國家 CTE 計劃擴大
• 閱讀科學
• 雙語課程
• PREK 和早期學習
• 媒體素養
• 社交情感學習：儘管存在分歧，但仍被接受
• 一線社會問題
• 槍支暴力呈上升趨勢
• 心理健康是一個持續關注的問題
• 包容與公平：第九條與變性學生
• 影響 K-12 教育的其他社會問題
• 從幼兒園到高中的無家可歸者和學校
• 所有人免費校餐
• 處理吸毒問題
• 人工智能的影響
• 教師安置和薪水
• 網絡安全、隱私和連接
• 網絡安全威脅
• 結論

SIMBA Information's PreK-12 Policy and Budget Outlook 2023-2024 report examines educational policy and funding trends at the federal, state, and local level. On the funding side, both federal appropriations and state budgets for PreK-12 education remained strong during fiscal 2023 - the 2022-2023 school year. In many cases, this was primarily attributable to the infusion of stimulus funding to address ongoing learning loss (spurred by the pandemic lockdowns that began in 2020) alongside robust local and state budgets. The National Association of School Budget Officers' (NASBO) December 2022 Fiscal Survey of States saw 33 report revenues in fiscal 2023 that came in above projections and seven that were on target. Only one reported lower-than-forecast revenues

What this Report Covers

In addition to outlining totals and allocations of federal and state monies towards education priorities, the report also examines curriculum restrictions and book bans; growth in social issues like mental health, inclusivity vs. fairness, and gun violence in schools; teacher dissatisfaction; classroom connectivity; policy updates on various subject matter including computer science; cybersecurity and privacy; school choice bills on the rise; and approval of Fiscal 2024 budgets.

Table of Content

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGY

FEDERAL K-12 FUNDING REMAINS STRONG IN ADVANCE OF ESSER CLIFF

CONGRESSIONAL APPROPRIATIONS TARGET FEDERAL PRIORITIES

Table 1. Department of Education Fiscal Year 2024 President's Budget, Selected K-12 Programs (thousand $)

APPROPRIATIONS BY STATE VARY DRAMATICALLY

Table 2. Department of Education Grants to Local Educational Agencies, 2022-2024E (thousand $)

OTHER FEDERAL DEPARTMENTS CONTRIBUTE TO EDUCATION

Table 3. Federal On-Budget Funds for K-12 Education, by Agency, 2020-2021 (thousand $)

PREPARING FOR THE ESSER FUNDING CLIFF

Final Deadline is Looming

Looking Ahead

K-12 SPENDING BY FUNDING SOURCE

Table 4. Summary of Public Elementary-Secondary School System Revenues, FY2021 (thousand $)

Table 5. Summary of Public Elementary-Secondary School System Expenditures, FY2021 (thousand $)

Table 6. Summary of Public Elementary-Secondary School System Revenues and Expenditures by State, FY2021 (thousand $)

UNCERTAINTY IMPACTS STATE BUDGET FORECASTS

STATES ANNOUNCE FUNDING INCREASES

EXAMINING FUNDING FORMULAS

CURRICULUM RESTRICTIONS AND BOOK BANS

CURRICULUM RESTRICTIONS

Race and CRT

Political Divisions

Impacts of Restrictions

BOOK BANS IMPACT LIBRARIES AND CLASSROOMS

SCHOOL CHOICE AND PARENTAL RIGHTS

PARENTAL RIGHTS IN THE CLASSROOM

ii May 2023 © Simba Information

POLICY DICTATES SUBJECT MATTER

COMPUTER SCIENCE

CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION

States' CTE Programs Expand

THE SCIENCE OF READING

DUAL LANGUAGE PROGRAMS

PREK AND EARLY LEARNING

MEDIA LITERACY

SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING: EMBRACED DESPITE DIVISIONS

Table 7. State Progress on Social, Emotional, and Academic Development [2021] (number of states)

SOCIAL ISSUES AT THE FOREFRONT

GUN VIOLENCE INCIDENTS ON THE RISE

MENTAL HEALTH IS AN ONGOING CONCERN

INCLUSIVITY VERSUS FAIRNESS: TITLE IX AND TRANSGENDER STUDENTS

OTHER SOCIAL ISSUES HAVING AN IMPACT ON K-12 EDUCATION

Homelessness and K-12 Schools

Free School Meals for All

Dealing with Drug Use

Impact of Artificial Intelligence

TEACHER STAFFING AND PAY

CYBERSECURITY, PRIVACY, AND CONNECTIVITY

THE CYBERSECURITY THREAT

CONCLUSION