 |
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1031203
世界電子工業數據年鑑：第 2 卷設置-西歐（第 1 卷）、美洲/日本/亞太地區（第 2 卷）Yearbook of World Electronics Data - 2 Volume Set: West Europe (Vol 1), plus America, Japan & Asia-Pacific (Vol 2) |
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價格
- 全貌
- 簡介
- 目錄
簡介
第 1 卷
疫苗在歐洲和世界各地的傳播預計將放鬆監管、恢復經濟活動並恢復始於 2020 年底的電子行業的增長。增長將在 2021 年獲得動力，並將在 2022 年和 2023 年繼續，但預計在預測期結束時將放緩。然而，一些零部件和材料的供應短缺，尤其是半導體供應鏈，預計將在 2021 年和 2022 年上半年對需求造成壓力。
2020 年西歐的電子產品產量下降 6.7% 至 1127 億歐元，而 2019 年和 2018 年分別增長 0.7% 和 1.7%。下半年出現更強勁的復甦，好於 2020 年 5 月的預測，該預測預計將使整體電子產品產量減少 8.8%。
根據目前的指標，預計2021年西方電子產值增長3.5%，2022年和2023年增長4.0%，2024年放緩至3.7%。目前的預測預測，到 2022 年底，西方電子產品的產量將超過 COVID-19 之前的水平。
第 2 卷
儘管新型冠狀病毒感染（COVID-19）在亞洲進一步流行並引起美國的擔憂，但疫苗在全球的傳播已經放鬆了監管，電子行業隨著經濟活動的恢復而增長，有望復甦。預計增長將從 2021 年末、2022 年和 2023 年開始獲得動力，並在預測期結束時放緩。我們認為，部分零部件和材料，尤其是半導體供應鏈的供應短缺，將在 2021 年和 2022 年上半年對需求造成壓力。
與其他成熟市場的趨勢類似，美國電子行業因將大規模生產轉移到更接近市場的墨西哥和亞洲，尤其是中國等低成本地區而受到顯著影響。與 2000 年互聯網泡沫的高峰期相比，2020 年電子設備產量下降了 37.3%。近年來，電子行業相對穩定，企業瞄準國內製造，抵消貿易關稅，並利用出台支持本土製造的利好政策，有望受益於加大投資。
2017年電子設備產量增長2.2%，預計2018年下降4.6%，2019年下降3.4%，2020年下降3.6%。 2020年，新型冠狀病毒感染（COVID-19）的影響給行業帶來下行壓力，但下半年的復甦卻能夠遏制全年的下滑。根據1-6月官方公告，儘管夏季傳染病激增，全球供應中斷，電子設備仍將在今年餘下時間繼續復甦，預計產量將增長4.9%。
本報告由兩卷組成，重點關注全球電子行業，尤其是西歐（第1卷）和美洲、日本和亞太地區（第2卷），並提供了每個國家的生產和市場數據。
目錄
第 1 卷
第 1 章介紹
第 2 章匯總數據
- 經濟概覽
- 電子產品概述
- 進口（2018-2019）
- 出口（2018-2019）
- 生產綜合概覽（2018 年）
- 生產整合概覽（2019 年）
- 綜合生產大綱（2020年）
- 綜合生產大綱（2021年）
- EDP 生產概述
- 控制/儀表生產概述
- 醫療和工業生產概況
- 通訊/雷達生產概覽
- 電信生產概況
- 消費類設備生產概覽
- 組件生產概述
- 有源元件生產概覽
- 被動元件生產概覽
- 其他組件生產概覽
- 西歐總產量
- 市場整合概覽（2018 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2019 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2020 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2021 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2022 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2023 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2024 年）
- EDP 市場概況
- 控制和儀表市場概覽
- 醫療/工業市場概覽
- 通信/雷達市場概覽
- 電信市場概覽
- 消費設備市場概覽
- 組件市場概覽
- 有源元件市場概覽
- 被動元件市場概覽
- 其他組件市場概覽
- 西歐總市場
第 3 章國家數據
- 奧地利
- 經濟概覽
- 電子行業概況
- 奧地利生產趨勢（2018-2021）
- 計算
- 辦公設備
- 控制/儀表
- 醫療/工業
- 通訊/雷達
- 電信
- 消費設備（視頻、音頻、個人）
- 組件（主動、被動等）
- 奧地利市場（2018-2024）
- 計算
- 辦公設備
- 控制/儀表
- 醫療/工業
- 通訊/雷達
- 電信
- 消費者（視頻、音頻、個人）
- 組件（主動、被動等）
- 比利時
- 丹麥
- 芬蘭
- 法國
- 德國
- 希臘
- 愛爾蘭
- 意大利
- 荷蘭
- 挪威
- 葡萄牙
- 西班牙
- 瑞典
- 瑞士
- 英國
第 4 章附錄
第 2 卷
第 1 章介紹
第 2 章匯總數據
- 經濟概覽
- 電子產品概述
- 進口（2018-2019）
- 出口（2018-2019）
- 生產綜合概覽（2018 年）
- 生產整合概覽（2019 年）
- 綜合生產大綱（2020年）
- 綜合生產大綱（2021年）
- 醫療器械及工業生產概況
- 消費類設備生產概覽
- 組件生產概述
- 有源元件生產概覽
- 被動元件生產概覽
- 其他組件生產概覽
- 美洲、日本和亞太地區的總產量
- 市場整合概覽（2018 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2019 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2020 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2021 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2022 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2023 年）
- 市場整合概覽（2024 年）
- 醫療器械及工業生產概況
- 消費設備生產概覽（價值基礎）
- 組件生產概述
- 有源元件生產概覽
- 被動元件生產概覽
- 其他組件生產概覽
- 美洲、日本和亞太地區的總市場
第 3 章國家數據
- 澳大利亞
- 經濟概覽
- 電子行業概況
- 澳大利亞生產趨勢（2018-2021）
- 計算
- 辦公設備
- 控制/儀表
- 醫療/工業
- 通訊/雷達
- 電信
- 消費設備（視頻、音頻、個人）
- 組件（主動、被動等）
- 澳大利亞市場（2018-2024）
- 計算
- 辦公設備
- 控制/儀表
- 醫療/工業
- 通訊/雷達
- 電信
- 消費設備（視頻、音頻、個人）
- 組件（主動、被動等）
- 巴西
- 加拿大
- 中國
- 香港
- 印度
- 印度尼西亞
- 以色列
- 日本
- 馬來西亞
- 墨西哥
- 菲律賓
- 新加坡
- 南非
- 韓國
- 台灣
- 泰國
- 美國
- 越南
第 4 章附錄
目錄
Volume-1
In providing the forecasts for the current study, which were made in May, we have assumed that the roll-out of the vaccine across Europe and globally will allow for an easing in restrictions and support a return to growth in both economic activity and the on-going the recovery in the electronics industry which began in the second half of 2020. Growth is expected to gain momentum over the course of 2021 which will continue into 2022/2023 before easing at the end of the forecast period. We believe the current shortage for certain components and materials, and in particular in the semiconductor supply chain, will weigh on demand in 2021 and potentially into the first half of 2022.
In Euro's the production of electronic equipment in Western Europe declined by 6.7% in 2020 to Euro 112.7 billion and compared to an increase of 0.7% and 1.7% in 2019 and 2018, respectively. A stronger recovery over the second half of the year resulted in a better performance than forecast in May 2020, when overall electronics equipment output was forecast to decline by 8.8%.
Based on current indicators we are forecasting that growth in electronic equipment output in Western Europe will increase by 3.5% in 2021 then post growth of 4.0% in 2022 and 2023 before easing to 3.7% in 2024. The current forecast expects overall equipment production in Western Europe to surpass pre-COVID levels by the end of 2022.
Volume-2
In providing the forecasts for the current study, which were made at the end of August/beginning of September, we have assumed that the roll-out of the vaccine globally will, despite several further outbreaks in Asia and ongoing concerns in the US, allow for an easing in restrictions and support a return to growth in both economic activity and the on-going the recovery in the electronics industry. Growth is expected to gain momentum over the second half of 2021 which will continue into 2022/2023 before easing at the end of the forecast period. We believe the current shortage for certain components and materials, and in particular in the semiconductor supply chain, will weigh on demand in 2021 and potentially into the first half of 2022.
In line with the trends seen across other mature markets the US electronics industry has been significantly impacted by the transfer of volume manufacturing to lower cost locations, whether it be to Mexico, due to its close proximity to the market, or Asia and in particular, China. From the peak of the 2000 "dot com" boom, electronics production was 37.3% lower in 2020. In more recent years, the industry has been relatively stable and is expected to benefit from increased investment as companies look to manufacture domestically, to offset trade tariffs, and to take advantage of the introduction of favourable policies to support local manufacturing.
2020 saw electronics output decline by an estimated 2.8% down on the prior year's flat growth. Production of electronics equipment declined by 2.9%, and compared to growth of 1.6% in the prior year, while electronics component output declined by 2.5%.
The US, like Europe is now focused on the production of low-volume products in the control and instrumentation, medical, automotive, industrial, defence, high-end computing and communications segments. Over the medium term these sectors are projected to achieve low to medium-digit growth.
The move by US companies to "re-shore" production has gained momentum and is expected to benefit from the move by US companies to localise manufacturing to offset potential supply chain disruptions. However, at this stage it is not expected that the major volume manufacturers in the 3C segment will relocate to the country.
After increasing by 2.2% in 2017 electronics output is estimated to have declined by 4.6% in 2018, a further 3.4% in 2019 and by 3.6% in 2020. Although, COVID-19 put downward pressure on the industry in 2020 the recovery in the second half of the year helped limit the overall decline for the year as a whole. Based on official figures for the first six months of the year and despite the spike in infections in the summer and global supply disruptions, overall output assuming the on-going global recovery over the course of the remainder of the year electronics output will increase by 4.9%.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
VOLUME 1
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SUMMARY DATA
- 2.1 Economic Overview
- 2.2 Electronics Overview
- 2.3 Imports 2018-2019
- 2.4 Exports 2018-2019
- 2.5 Consolidated Summary of Production 2018
- 2.6 Consolidated Summary of Production 2019
- 2.7 Consolidated Summary of Production 2020
- 2.8 Consolidated Summary of Production 2021
- 2.9 Summary of EDP Production
- 2.10 Summary of Control & Instrumentation Production
- 2.11 Summary of Medical & Industrial Production
- 2.12 Summary of Communications & Radar Production
- 2.13 Summary of Telecommunications Production
- 2.14 Summary of Consumer Production
- 2.15 Summary of Components Production
- 2.16 Summary of Active Component Production
- 2.17 Summary of Passive Component Production
- 2.18 Summary of Other Component Production
- 2.19 West Europe Total Production
- 2.20 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2018
- 2.21 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2019
- 2.22 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2020
- 2.23 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2021
- 2.24 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2022
- 2.25 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2023
- 2.26 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2024
- 2.27 Summary of EDP Markets
- 2.28 Summary of Control & Instrumentation Markets
- 2.29 Summary of Medical & Industrial Markets
- 2.30 Summary of Communications & Radar Markets
- 2.31 Summary of Telecommunications Markets
- 2.32 Summary of Consumer Markets
- 2.33 Summary of Components Markets
- 2.34 Summary of Active Component Markets
- 2.35 Summary of Passive Component Markets
- 2.36 Summary of Other Component Markets
- 2.37 West Europe Total Markets
3 COUNTRY DATA
- 3.1 AUSTRIA
- 3.1.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.1.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.1.3 Austria Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.1.4 Austria Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.2 BELGIUM
- 3.2.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.2.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.2.3 Belgium Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.2.4 Belgium Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.3 DENMARK
- 3.3.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.3.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.3.3 Denmark Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.3.4 Denmark Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.4 FINLAND
- 3.4.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.4.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.4.3 Finland Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.4.4 Finland Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.5 FRANCE
- 3.5.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.5.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.5.3 France Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.5.4 France Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.6 GERMANY
- 3.6.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.6.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.6.3 Germany Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.6.4 Germany Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.7 GREECE
- 3.7.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.7.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.7.3 Greece Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.7.4 Greece Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2013-2019
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.8 IRELAND
- 3.8.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.8.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.8.3 Ireland Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.8.4 Ireland Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.9 ITALY
- 3.9.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.9.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.9.3 Italy Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.9.4 Italy Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.10 NETHERLANDS
- 3.10.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.10.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.10.3 Netherlands Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.10.4 Netherlands Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.11 NORWAY
- 3.11.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.11.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.11.3 Norway Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.11.4 Norway Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.12 PORTUGAL
- 3.12.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.12.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.12.3 Portugal Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.12.4 Portugal Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.13 SPAIN
- 3.13.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.13.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.13.3 Spain Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.13.4 Spain Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.14 SWEDEN
- 3.14.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.14.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.14.3 Sweden Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.14.4 Sweden Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.15 SWITZERLAND
- 3.15.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.15.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.15.3 Switzerland Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.15.4 Switzerland Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.16 UNITED KINGDOM
- 3.16.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.16.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.16.3 UK Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.16.4 UK Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
4 APPENDICES
- 4.1 Consolidated Summary of West European Electronics Production 2018-2021 (Euro)
- 4.2 Consolidated Summary of West European Electronics Production 2018-2024 (Euro)
- 4.3 Exchange Rates
- 4.4 Guide to Interpretation of the Statistics
- 4.5 Guide to Statistical Trade Classifications
- 4.6 Guide to the Definition of the Electronic Product Headings
- 4.7 List of Sources
VOLUME 2
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SUMMARY DATA
- 2.1 Economic Overview
- 2.2 Electronics Overview
- 2.3 Imports 2018-2019
- 2.4 Exports 2018-2019
- 2.5 Consolidated Summary of Production 2018
- 2.6 Consolidated Summary of Production 2019
- 2.7 Consolidated Summary of Production 2020
- 2.8 Consolidated Summary of Production 2021
- 2.9 Summary of Medical & Industrial Production
- 2.10 Summary of Consumer Production
- 2.11 Summary of Components Production
- 2.12 Summary of Active Component Production
- 2.13 Summary of Passive Component Production
- 2.14 Summary of Other Component Production
- 2.15 America, Japan, Asia Pacific Total Production
- 2.16 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2018
- 2.17 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2019
- 2.18 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2020
- 2.19 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2021
- 2.20 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2022
- 2.21 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2023
- 2.22 Consolidated Summary of Markets 2024
- 2.23 Summary of Medical & Industrial Markets
- 2.24 Summary of Consumer Markets (Value)
- 2.25 Summary of Components Markets
- 2.26 Summary of Active Component Markets
- 2.27 Summary of Passive Component Markets
- 2.28 Summary of Other Component Markets
- 2.29 America, Japan, Asia Pacific Total Markets
3 COUNTRY DATA
- 3.1 AUSTRALIA
- 3.1.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.1.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.1.3 Australia Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.1.4 Australia Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.2 BRAZIL `
- 3.2.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.2.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.2.3 Brazil Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.2.4 Brazil Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.3 CANADA
- 3.3.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.3.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.3.3 Canada Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.3.4 Canada Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.4 CHINA
- 3.4.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.4.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.4.3 China Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.4.4 China Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.5 HONG KONG
- 3.5.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.5.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.5.3 Hong Kong Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.5.4 Hong Kong Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.6 INDIA
- 3.6.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.6.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.6.3 India Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.6.4 India Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.7 INDONESIA
- 3.7.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.7.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.7.3 Indonesia Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.7.4 Indonesia Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.8 ISRAEL
- 3.8.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.8.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.8.3 Israel Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.8.4 Israel Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.9 JAPAN
- 3.9.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.9.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.9.3 Japan Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.9.4 Japan Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.10 MALAYSIA
- 3.10.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.10.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.10.3 Malaysia Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.10.4 Malaysia Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.11 MEXICO
- 3.11.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.11.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.11.3 Mexico Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.11.4 Mexico Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.12 PHILIPPINES
- 3.12.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.12.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.12.3 Philippines Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.12.4 Philippines Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.13 SINGAPORE
- 3.13.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.13.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.13.3 Singapore Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.13.4 Singapore Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.14 SOUTH AFRICA
- 3.14.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.14.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.14.3 South Africa Production
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.14.4 South Africa Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.15 SOUTH KOREA
- 3.15.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.15.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.15.3 South Korea Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.15.4 South Korea Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.16 TAIWAN
- 3.16.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.16.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.16.3 Taiwan Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.16.4 Taiwan Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.17 THAILAND
- 3.17.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.17.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.17.3 Thailand Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.17.4 Thailand Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.18 USA
- 3.18.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.18.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.18.3 USA Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.18.4 USA Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
- 3.19 VIETNAM
- 3.19.1 Economic Outlook
- 3.19.2 Electronics Industry Overview
- 3.19.3 Vietnam Production
- Computing 2018-2021
- Office Equipment 2018-2021
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2021
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2021
- Communications & Radar 2018-2021
- Telecommunications 2018-2021
- Consumer 2018-2021
- Video 2018-2021
- Audio 2018-2021
- Personal 2018-2021
- Components 2018-2021
- Active 2018-2021
- Passive 2018-2021
- Other 2018-2021
- 3.19.4 Vietnam Markets
- Computing 2018-2024
- Office Equipment 2018-2024
- Control & Instrumentation 2018-2024
- Medical & Industrial 2018-2024
- Communications & Radar 2018-2024
- Telecommunications 2018-2024
- Consumer 2018-2024
- Video 2018-2024
- Audio 2018-2024
- Personal 2018-2024
- Components 2018-2024
- Active 2018-2024
- Passive 2018-2024
- Other 2018-2024
4 APPENDICES
- 4.1 Exchange Rates
- 4.2 Guide to Interpretation of the Statistics
- 4.3 Guide to Statistical Trade Classifications
- 4.4 Guide to the Definition of Electronic Product Headings
- 4.5 List of Sources
