二手車市場 - 增長、趨勢、COVID-19 的影響、預測 (2023-2028)

二手車市場預計將達到 4600 億美元，預測期內復合年增長率超過 10%。

COVID-19 的爆發對汽車行業產生了巨大影響。 供應鏈中斷和運輸中斷導致二手車庫存無法進入市場。 導致可供購買的車型變少，購買數量減少。 然而，在 2021 年下半年，市場開始恢復到大流行前的狀態，中低收入群體的顯著推動增加了二手車市場的機會。

從中期來看，全球二手車市場正在蓬勃發展。 這主要是由於新興市場出現了有組織的參與者，這些參與者能夠解決困擾新興市場多年的可靠性不足問題。

隨著數字化的不斷推進和企業能夠從遠程位置提供身臨其境的購買體驗，二手車市場預計將經歷顯著增長。 此外，增值服務的增加和為二手車提供信貸的融資供應商的多元化也將有助於全球二手車市場的增長。 然而，利率上升可能會阻礙一些潛在客戶並減緩市場增長。

收入水平的提高、豪華車需求的增加、汽車擁有時間的縮短、進出口的活躍，以及摩托車車主升級為小型緊湊型汽車的願望不斷增強，是市場增長的驅動力。我是這裡。

但是，許多國家/地區的二手車缺乏融資或昂貴的融資選擇預計會阻礙市場增長。 新車的貸款很容易，但二手車的貸款既昂貴又難以獲得。 然而，隨著有組織的部門逐漸壯大，市場形勢正在發生變化。 豐田、寶馬和瑪魯蒂鈴木等大公司正在進入印度的二手車市場。

印度等新興市場由無組織的參與者主導，這些參與者不持有庫存並在 C2C 銷售平台上蓬勃發展。 他們通過在其在線平台上推廣二手車銷售而賺取傭金來賺取收入。 然而，有組織和半有組織的行業正在穩步迎頭趕上，預計將在預測期末發揮關鍵作用。 亞太地區預計將成為最大的市場，其次是北美和歐洲。

二手車市場趨勢

加強在線基礎設施對二手車市場產生積極影響

隨著智能手機和互聯網在新興國家（尤其是亞太地區）日益普及，二手車經銷商利用數字化來提高其市場產品的吸引力，二手車市場的組織正在取得進展。 網絡平台上海量的照片和視頻以及便捷的在線即時融資服務等設施正在吸引更多客戶購買二手車。

過去幾年，隨著技術的不斷發展，在線購買二手車已成為客戶最喜歡的選擇。 此外，它還提供額外的功能來監控所有必需的車輛文檔、性能和服務記錄。 消費者可以比較不同的選擇並應用他們想要的過濾器來找到最適合他們標準的二手車。

許多新的二手車公司正在進入市場，並將在未來幾年繼續這樣做。 每家公司都通過提供定制服務、新車和低價策略與現有參與者競爭。 公司將繼續專注於基於他們為潛在客戶提供的增值服務來保持競爭優勢，降低服務成本，並推出優質且維護良好的車型和功能以獲得顯著的市場份額。我將繼續。

• 2022 年 5 月，從事線下和線上銷售業務的印度尼西亞全渠道二手車公司 Moladin 籌集了價值 9500 萬美元的 B 輪融資。 這筆資金還將加強公司的汽車生態系統，並進一步擴大其經銷商、分銷商和客戶網絡。

在二手車銷量與新車銷量之比接近 2:1 的北美市場，許多新進入者，例如 Fair 和 Vroom，都在利用人工智能和大數據分析來建立品牌和品牌關係與傳統二手車經銷商合作。我們努力使我們的產品與眾不同。 主要原始設備製造商現在正在投資二手車行業以提高收益。

年齡在 25-40 歲之間的精通技術的客戶想要端到端的交易、送貨上門、基於他們的駕駛行為和生活方式的數字推薦、數字試駕等等。 市場參與者讓他們的客戶能夠完整、順暢地訪問車輛規格、性能報告和庫存信息，以幫助他們做出明智的決策。

快速發展的亞太地區

就汽車保有量而言，中國是世界上最大的汽車市場。 2021年乘用車銷量2148萬輛。 同期乘用車總量約為2.82億輛。

正因為如此龐大的汽車數量，湧入中國二手車市場的產品無法估量。 隨著汽車行業的快速電氣化，內燃機車主開始出售現有車輛並轉向電動汽車。 這大大增加了二手車行業可供購買的車輛數量，從而在預測期內提高了其增長潛力。

由於車輛使用壽命長，印度也是二手車市場的主要市場之一。 負擔能力是在印度購買二手車的決定性因素。 我們的大多數客戶都是首次購車者。 這就是為什麼對入門級兩廂車的偏好很高。

隨著雅加達政府計劃擴大到 2025 年實施的奇數年交通法規並將車輛的車齡限制在最長 10 年，二手車行業有望獲得更大的發展勢頭。 許多人在使用三到七年後出售他們的汽車。 如果實施汽車年齡限制，更多的人將更快地出售他們的汽車。

此外，老化的汽車往往會從首都雅加達轉移到爪哇島甚至爪哇島以外的小城市。 在雅加達，新車和舊車是首選，但在其他地區，如果價格低，可以購買舊車型。 印度尼西亞每月更換約 300,000 輛二手車。 預計東南亞二手車市場的增長，來自其他地區的主要公司正計劃擴展到印度尼西亞。 例如

二手車市場競爭對手分析

二手車市場由幾家主要參與者主導，包括 True Value、Hertz Corporation 和 Pendragon PLC。 在預測期的後半段，有組織和半組織部門的擴張預計將推動市場朝著稍微更加整合的方向發展，主要有組織參與者的收入會增加。

其他好處

• Excel 格式的市場預測 (ME) 表
• 三個月的分析師支持

內容

第1章介紹

• 調查先決條件
• 調查範圍

第2章研究方法論

第 3 章執行摘要

第4章市場動態

• 市場驅動力
• 市場製約因素
• 產業吸引力 - 波特五力分析
  • 新進入者的威脅
  • 買方/消費者議價能力
  • 供應商的議價能力
  • 替代品的威脅
  • 競爭公司之間的敵對關係

第 5 章市場細分（價值基礎：十億美元）

• 車輛類型
  • 兩廂車
  • 轎車
  • 運動型多用途車、多用途車
• 按供應商
  • 按組織
  • 無組織
• 按地區細分
  • 北美
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 其他北美地區
  • 歐洲
    • 德國
    • 英國
    • 法國
    • 西班牙
    • 其他歐洲地區
  • 亞太地區
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韓國
    • 其他亞太地區
  • 世界其他地區
    • 巴西
    • 阿拉伯聯合酋長國
    • 南非
    • 其他國家

第6章競爭格局

• 供應商市場份額
• 公司簡介
  • Cox Automotive
  • The Hertz Corporation
  • Penske Cars
  • Emil Frey AG
  • Pendragon PLC
  • Arnold Clark
  • Carro
  • Maruti Suzuki True Value
  • Mahindra First Choice Wheels
  • CarMax Inc.
  • AutoNation
  • Asbury Automotive Group

第7章 市場機會與今後動向

The used car market is expected to reach USD 460 billion, registering a CAGR of over 10% during the forecast period.

The outbreak of COVID-19 affected the automotive industry significantly. With supply chain disruption and transportation halt, new additions to the used car inventory were not coming into the market. As a result, fewer models were available for purchase, resulting in fewer purchases. However, during the later stages of 2021, the market started reverting to the pre-pandemic situation, increasing opportunities for the used car market with a major push from low and mid-income consumers.

Over the medium term, the used car market across the world is growing rapidly. The main reason for the same has been the advent of organized players in the market in developing nations, which has taken care of the trust deficit plaguing the used car market in those countries for ages.

Due to increasing digitization and the ability of companies to provide immersive purchase experiences remotely, the used car market is expected to witness significant growth. Furthermore, the rise in value-added service offerings and the variety of finance providers offering credit for used cars will also contribute to the growth of the used car market across the globe. However, higher interest rates may discourage some potential customers, slowing the market's growth.

Factors such as a rise in income levels, increasing demand for luxury cars, shorter car ownership periods, booming import-export, and a growing preference for two-wheeler owners to upgrade to small and compact cars drive the growth of the market.

However, a lack of financing or expensive financing options in many countries for used cars is expected to hinder the growth of the market. While finance for new cars is easy to obtain, used cars attract a higher rate of interest and are not sanctioned so easily. However, with gradual growth in the organized sector, the market situation is changing. Major players, like Toyota, BMW, Maruti Suzuki, etc., have ventured into the used car space in India.

The market in emerging economies like India is dominated by unorganized players who do not own inventory but rather thrive on their platform for C2C sales. They make revenue through commissions earned by facilitating the sale of used cars on their online platforms. However, the organized and semi-organized sectors are steadily catching up and are expected to play a significant role toward the end of the forecast period. The Asia-Pacific region is expected to be the largest market, followed by North America and Europe.

Used Car Market Trends

Strengthening of Online Infrastructure Positively Affecting the Used Cars Market

As the smartphone and internet penetration in emerging economies, especially in Asia-Pacific, is increasing, the used car market is getting more organized because used car retailers use digitalization to make market offerings attractive. Facilities such as an enormous number of photos and videos on the online platform and an easy online instant finance service are drawing more customers into buying used cars.

With the growing trend in technology, used car vehicle purchase through online sales has become the most preferred choice for customers over the past few years. Moreover, it provides additional facilities to monitor all the required documents, performance, and service records of the vehicle. The consumer can compare a wide variety of options and apply their desired filter to find the most relevant used car that matches their criteria.

Many new used car companies are entering the market, and it will continue in the coming years. Companies compete with the existing players by providing customized services, a new fleet, and a low-pricing strategy. Companies will continue to focus on keeping themselves ahead based on value-added services provided to prospective clients, reducing service costs, and introducing premium and well-maintained vehicle models and features into their fleets to capture a significant share of the market.

• In May 2022, Indonesia-based omnichannel used car company Moladin, which is operating through offline and online sales, raised series B funding worth USD 95 million. In addition, funding will boost the company's automotive ecosystem and further help the company grows its dealer, agents, and customer network.

In the North American market, where the used car sale to new car sale ratio is almost 2 to 1, many new players such as Fair and Vroom are leveraging artificial intelligence and Big Data analytics to differentiate their brand and offerings from conventionally used car dealers. Major OEMs are now investing in the used car segment to ramp up their revenues.

Tech-savvy customers in the age group of 25-40 years are demanding features such as end-to-end transactions, doorstep delivery, digital recommendations based on the driving behavior and lifestyle of the customer, and digital test drives. Players in the market are providing flawless and smooth access to car specifications, performance reports, and inventory information to customers to assist them in making informed decisions.

• Mercedes-Benz uses blockchain technology to store and maintain the maintenance history record of the carbon footprint of used cars in Beijing. 35% of a car's carbon footprint comes from the manufacturer. Mercedes-Benz and PlatOn are planning to store the entire lifecycle data of a vehicle.

Asia-Pacific is the Fastest Growing Market

China is the world's largest automobile market owing to the sheer volume of vehicles present in the country. The country registered a total of 21.48 million units of passenger vehicles sold in 2021. The total number of passenger cars present numbered approximately 282 million units during the same period.

Owing to such a high number of vehicles, the product influx for the used car market is immense in China. With the rapid electrification of the country's automotive industry, owners of internal combustion engines have begun to sell their existing vehicles to make the switch to electric mobility. This significantly increased the number of vehicles available for purchase in the used car industry, driving the potential for growth during the forecast period.

India is another major market for the used car market owing to the long operational life of vehicles in the country. In India, a pre-owned car purchase is driven by affordability. The majority of customers are first-time car buyers. Thus, the preference for entry-level hatchbacks is high.

The second-hand car industry is poised to gain even more traction as the Jakarta government plans to broaden the odd-even traffic regulation that will take effect and limit vehicle age to a maximum of 10 years by 2025. After three to seven years of driving, many individuals sell their cars. Once the vehicle age restriction is in place, more individuals will sell their automobiles sooner.​

There is also a tendency for cars to move from the Jakarta capital region to minor cities in Java or even outside of Java as they age. While individuals in Jakarta prefer to buy new or lightly used cars, residents in other parts of the country may consider purchasing an older model if the price is right. Approximately 300,000 used automobiles in Indonesia change hands every month. Considering the growth prospects in the Southeast Asian country's used car market, several major players from other regions are planning to start their operations in Indonesia. For instance,​

• India's used-vehicle marketplace CARS24 launched its ASEAN foothold in Thailand in November and plans to follow up by entering Indonesia in the future. Thus, the aforementioned factors are expected to revive the used car market in ASEAN from the current economic crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic during the forecast period.​

Used Car Market Competitor Analysis

The used car market is dominated by several key players, namely True Value, Hertz Corporation, Pendragon PLC, and many others. The growing organized and semi-organized sector is expected to bring in more revenue for the leading organized players toward the latter half of the forecast period, thus, moving the market ever slightly toward a consolidated one. For instance,

• In June 2022, TrueCar Inc. acquired Digital Motors. This acquisition is intended to accelerate TrueCar's plan to deliver a robust digital car buying and selling experience with its TrueCar+ marketplace.
• In May 2022, GoTo-backed Bank Jago announced its partnership with the used car marketplace Carsome Indonesia for its automotive financing initiative.
• In January 2022, Cazoo, one of Europe's leading online car retailers, acquired Italian online used car retailer and subscription platform Brum Brum for EUR 800 million (USD 828.80 million). Through this acquisition, Cazoo will launch its service across Italy.
• In November 2021, Carvago expanded its facility across Italy. The company offers 700 used cars to customers across the country.

Additional Benefits:

• The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format
• 3 months of analyst support

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

• 1.1 Study Assumptions
• 1.2 Scope of the Study

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4 MARKET DYNAMICS

• 4.1 Market Drivers
• 4.2 Market Restraints
• 4.3 Industry Attractiveness - Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 4.3.1 Threat of New Entrants
  • 4.3.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers/Consumers
  • 4.3.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 4.3.4 Threat of Substitute Products
  • 4.3.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry

5 MARKET SEGMENTATION (Market Size by Value - USD Billion)

• 5.1 By Vehicle Type
  • 5.1.1 Hatchbacks
  • 5.1.2 Sedan
  • 5.1.3 Sports Utility Vehicles and Multi-Purpose Vehicles
• 5.2 By Vendor
  • 5.2.1 Organized
  • 5.2.2 Unorganized
• 5.3 By Geography
  • 5.3.1 North America
    • 5.3.1.1 United States
    • 5.3.1.2 Canada
    • 5.3.1.3 Rest of North America
  • 5.3.2 Europe
    • 5.3.2.1 Germany
    • 5.3.2.2 United Kingdom
    • 5.3.2.3 France
    • 5.3.2.4 Spain
    • 5.3.2.5 Rest of Europe
  • 5.3.3 Asia-Pacific
    • 5.3.3.1 China
    • 5.3.3.2 India
    • 5.3.3.3 Japan
    • 5.3.3.4 South Korea
    • 5.3.3.5 Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • 5.3.4 Rest of the World
    • 5.3.4.1 Brazil
    • 5.3.4.2 United Arab Emirates
    • 5.3.4.3 South Africa
    • 5.3.4.4 Other Countries

6 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

• 6.1 Vendor Market Share
• 6.2 Company Profiles*
  • 6.2.1 Cox Automotive
  • 6.2.2 The Hertz Corporation
  • 6.2.3 Penske Cars
  • 6.2.4 Emil Frey AG
  • 6.2.5 Pendragon PLC
  • 6.2.6 Arnold Clark
  • 6.2.7 Carro
  • 6.2.8 Maruti Suzuki True Value
  • 6.2.9 Mahindra First Choice Wheels
  • 6.2.10 CarMax Inc.
  • 6.2.11 AutoNation
  • 6.2.12 Asbury Automotive Group

7 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE TRENDS