Abstract
LEXINGTON, Massachusetts (May 1, 2012) - WinterGreen Research announces
that it has published a new study Telemedicine. Market Shares, Strategy, and
Forecasts, Worldwide, 2012 to 2018. The 2012 study has 590 pages, 206 tables
and figures. Worldwide markets are poised to achieve significant growth as the
telemedicine systems provide a way to improve clinical care delivery to
patients with chronic disease, decreasing hospitalizations and visits to the
emergency room.
Chronic disease conditions are best treated early on when there is a change in
patient condition and an early intervention can make a difference. It is even
better to treat them in a wellness treatment environment before there are
indications of chronic disease, before symptoms develop, by addressing
lifestyle issues early on.
Left to their own judgments, some patients typically are apt to make terrible
decisions relating to their personal health either because of ignorance,
genetic inheritance, or because of lifestyle habit. The ability to accurately
access patient condition via a combination of advanced testing and
telemonitoring creates the opportunity to intervene when what is called for
clinically can make a difference, and permits provision for education
regarding healthy living in a way that is likely to create compliance with
clinician recommendations.
Home telemonitoring programs need to use advanced technology. Effective
monitors support patient education. They support timely clinician intervention
based on real vital signs data gathered on a daily basis. Health care for
patients with congestive heart failure has been shown to be successful in
reducing hospitalizations and trips to the emergency department, making these
critical measures unnecessary in many cases.
Home patient monitoring means two things: the imminent rise of the expert
patient whom the health authorities anticipate would self-manage his long-term
medical conditions and the prominence of mobile devices as the go-between for
clinicians and patients.
Telemedicine markets are emerging software markets. The consumer tablet
computers are poised to become ubiquitous and inexpensive. As this happens
telemedicine is becoming a fee for services much as a cell phone. The software
runs on industry standard tablet computing devices. Clinicians gather patients
information on a daily basis and provide consultation and intervention as
needed for chronic conditions.
Telemedicine now delivered on proprietary devices is becoming obsolete. The
Honeywell / Samsung strategic alliance represents the model that works.
Telemedicine market analysis indicates that the price points are way below
device costs and that companies are seeking to gain market share by working
with clients.
Telemedicine device and software companies recognize that their revenue stream
will come from services delivery. Just as cell phones are paid for in
conjunctions with the services contracts, so also the telemedicine
applications will be paid by insurance. In some cases the insurance companies
recognize that their long term costs are lower by delivering clinical
intervention to try to impact lifestyle for patients with chronic disease
conditions.
The telemedicine in the home is cheaper than the consequent emergency room
visits and hospitalizations that occur if chronic conditions are ignored.
There is a certain inevitability related to chronic disease condition care
delivery. People that take care of themselves tend to stay healthy. People
that are not attentive to protecting their health tend to have medical
conditions that contribute to deteriorating health and benefit from early
intervention when it is delivered in a manner to which the person can relate.
Telemedicine is, at its core, a way to extend clinical services to make them
part of lifestyle consultation. . It provides a way to initiate two way
communications with a patient, forever changing the doctor - patient
relationship to a collaborative one. It means that physicians need to build
collaboration skills or delegate those to their nurses which they have always
done, but this time in a more effective manner, on that is supported by
technology.
Telemedicine systems come from Honeywell, Vitarian, and Bosch Diagnostic
Support Expert Systems. Tablets are poised to change telemedicine as are
telepresence systems from Logitech among others. Clinical diagnosis is being
impacted by the decision support systems. Clinical decision support systems
(CDSS) have been a key aspect of telemedicine. Bosch offers the ability to
track and update on a daily basis, questions that are able to address actual
situations that patients face.
Diagnostic support expert systems promise to revolutionize healthcare. The
mandated electronic health record (EHR) systems in all healthcare facilities,
is a key enabler of diagnostic support expert systems. The objectives are to
promote better and cheaper healthcare using diagnostic support based on the
patient data collected from the telemedicine systems. With the large amount of
new data collected by the newly installed EHR systems, computers like the
Watson will be able to find optimal answers to clinical questions much more
efficiently than the human mind.
Two major categories are diagnostic support tools and treatment support tools.
Chronic conditions requires continuous diagnostic support because a continuous
flow of information on patient change in conditions helps physicians make a
better diagnosis based on the patient symptoms, medications, and medical
records.
Treatment support helps clinicians stay compliant with known treatment
guidelines such as avoiding known drug interactions, dispensing the right
medication to the right patients, and staying on schedule with response to
changes in patient condition.
According to Susan Eustis, lead author of the WinterGreen Research team that
prepared the telemedicine market research study, “Differential
diagnostic tools support differential telemedical treatment. The decision
process take into account clinical findings form the home monitoring devices
and from symptoms verbally communicated in a clinical services
implementation.”
She continued, “Care delivery is enhanced by having clinicians be
responsive to changes in patient condition that we know will lead to further
patient deterioration if not treated immediately. A core part of responsible
healthcare delivery is to use technology for healthcare reform. There is a
focus on how to deliver care differently using telemedicine. No matter who
pays for it, the use of telemedicine is anticipated to reduce the overall
costs of healthcare delivery. Innovation is key to achieving
improvements.”
For long-term success, telehealth solutions require sustainable financing
models. Investments in telehealth technologies foster sustainability by
enabling productivity and efficiency gains and other improvements that can
more than justify investment costs.
Government and local authorities have long recognized the potential of
telehealth technology as a tool for delivering health and social care
services. This is an increasing imperative given the increasing age
demographic and the backdrop of static or reducing funding. Telehealth
initiatives must demonstrate credibility and viability beyond the pilot and
trial programs in order to achieve the goal of increased capability through
technology.
Device installer partners define benefits in terms of increased sales and
consultancy. A sustaining finance model is an essential aspect of telehealth.
Telemedicine is analogous to the telecommunications industry where a large
upfront investment is required an, usage models and complementary technologies
must emerge and finally they must be integrated into existing healthcare
service delivery paradigms.
Workflows are required to integrate the telehealth components into the
existing solutions. This is possibly the area of greatest challenge. Upfront
costs are high. Once the telehealth solution has been implemented initiatives
are cost effective.
Since insurance companies have the responsibility for taking care of all
people, not just the healthy ones and the health conscious people, they
benefit from encouraging the use of telemedicine. The US veterans'
administration recognizes this reality and has in place extensive telemedicine
programs. While some hospitals benefit from an increase in hospitalizations,
insurers do not.
There is a services component to the business that makes it attractive to sell
the devices below cost. The tablet market revolutionizes telemedicine.
Once FDA approved software runs on a tablet, people with an existing unit can
download software and be equipped with a way to interact with the clinical
service that performs monitoring. Long term, the services will be a very
attractive part of telemonitoring.
Telemedicine dedicated device and software markets at $736 million in 2011 are
anticipated to reach $2.5 billion by 2018.
Table devices typically cost $350 in 2011, with the average price of the
software at $75 per unit. This means there is a services business that will
pay for the devices over time.
WinterGreen Research is an independent research organization funded by the
sale of market research studies all over the world and by the implementation
of ROI models that are used to calculate the total cost of ownership of
equipment, services, and software.
Research Methodology
WinterGreen Research authors use a structured, consistent, and detailed
research approach. The methodology supports an analytical approach to market
research. In depth comparisons are made of many aspects of the market. Data
relating to Industry segments is developed to permit presentation of forecasts
and market share positioned to have substantive value.
Research has been automated using automation of interactive surveys that
implement delta trend analysis and instant messaging in combination with
e-mail. Automation is made possible because of a proprietary engine that
implements multi-layered cell based analysis. Modular systems support dynamic
computing that use a graphical configuration engine to reach more people in a
research modality.
Full spectrum research and information services, including market reports,
customized research, and customer interviewing are available, reports and
research are positioned to provide strategic value to industry participants,
strategic planners, and product managers.
New systems combine sales tools and independent industry analysis, seeking to
leverage the expertise of the sales force and combine it with the skepticism
of the analysts to provide accurate return on investment analysis.
Table of Contents
TELEMEDICINE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- Telemedicine Market Driving Forces
- Telemedicine IBM Watson, Honeywell, Vitarian, and Bosch
- Diagnostic Support Expert Systems
- Telemonitoring Market Driving Forces
- Measures of Tele Monitoring Effectiveness
- Home Patient Monitoring Supports Patient Education
- Wireless Telemonitoring Devices
- Real-Time Monitoring Of Physiological Data
- Telemedicine Market Shares
- Telemedicine Market Forecasts
1. TELEMEDICINE MARKET DESCRIPTION AND MARKET DYNAMICS
- 1.1. Remote Monitoring as Standard of Care
- 1.1.1. Telemonitoring Systems Premise
- 1.1.2. Sedentary Get Exercise And Heart Failure Patients Pay Attention
To Swelling In Their Feet, Ankles Or Legs
- 1.1.3. Telemonitoring Systems Improve Home Health Care
- 1.1.4. Vital Signs And Health Status Are Measured Daily
- 1.1.5. Telemonitoring at Home
- 1.2. Telemedicine
- 1.2.1. Nursing Stations
- 1.2.2. Telemedicine Services
- 1.2.3. Service Provider Adoption of Tele-Monitoring
- 1.2.4. Telemedicine Delivery Mechanisms
- 1.2.5. Telemedicine Point-To-Point Connections
- 1.2.6. High Definition Video Communication
- 1.3. Telemonitors Customized To Meet Individual Needs
- 1.4. US Makes Telemedicine Priority
- 1.4.1. Federal Funding for Telemedicine
- 1.4.2. US Telemedicine Medicare -
- 1.4.3. US Veterans Health Administration (VA) Use of Telemonitoring
- 1.4.4. Telemonitoring Demonstrates Positive Results In Improving Health
Care And Reducing Costs Of Veterans
- 1.4.5. US VA Tele-monitoring Targeted Innovation:
- 1.5. Tele-Monitor Devices
- 1.5.1. Customizing Tele-Monitors
- 1.5.2. Intel® Health Care Management Security
- 1.6. Telemonitoring Research
- 1.6.1. New England Journal of Medicine Research
- 1.6.2. NEJM Has Published Several Letters That Critique The Study
- 1.6.3. 25 Studies of Remote Monitoring Of Patients With Chronic Heart
Disease
- 1.6.4. Bosch Health Buddy Desktop Research
- 1.7. Physician Notification on CHF
- 1.8. US Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
- 1.9. Federal, State, Local, And Foreign Laws Compliance
- 1.9.1. Government Regulation of Medical Devices
- 1.9.2. Before And After A Medical Device Is Commercially Distributed,
Ongoing Responsibilities Under FDA Regulations
- 1.9.3. Tele-monitoring Third-Party Reimbursement
- 1.10. Health Information Privacy HIPAA Requirements
- 1.10.1. HIPAA Enforcement
- 1.10.2. OCR Responsible For Enforcing HIPAA Privacy and Security Rules
- 1.11. Postacute Care Co-ordination: Healthcare Reform Readmission
Penalties
- 1.11.1. Federal Crimes Under The Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act HIPAA
- 1.12. Partners Mass General Cardiologist Program for High Risk
Heart Failure Patients
2. TELEMEDICINE MARKET SHARES AND MARKET FORECASTS
- 2.1. Telemedicine Market Driving Forces
- 2.1.1. Telemedicine IBM Watson, Honeywell, Vitarian, and Bosch
Diagnostic Support Expert Systems
- 2.1.2. Telemonitoring Market Driving Forces
- 2.1.3. Measures of Tele Monitoring Effectiveness
- 2.1.4. Home Patient Monitoring Supports Patient Education
- 2.1.5. Wireless Telemonitoring Devices
- 2.1.6. Real-Time Monitoring Of Physiological Data
- 2.2. Telemedicine Market Shares
- 2.2.1. Bosch Healthcare Telehealth Custom Messaging Feature
- 2.2.2. Bosch Healthcare telehealth Wireless Modem Option
- 2.2.3. Bosch ViTelCare T400 Home Health Monitor
- 2.2.4. Bosch Installed Base
- 2.2.5. Bosch Telehealth Solutions
- 2.2.6. Bosch Telemedicine
- 2.2.7. Bosch Telehealth Systems Certification in Disease Management From
NCQA
- 2.2.8. Bayer / Viterion
- 2.2.9. Bayer / Viterion TeleHealthcare
- 2.2.10. Philips
- 2.2.11. Intel / GE Care Innovations
- 2.2.12. Honeywell HomeMed
- 2.2.13. Honeywell HomMed Genesis Touch™Telehealth
- 2.2.14. Samsung
- 2.2.15. Samsung Medical Business
- 2.2.16. MedApps HealthPAL MA105to Extend the Home Selects VRI
- 2.2.17. Nonin
- 2.2.18. VRI
- 2.2.19. VRI Healthcare Services
- 2.2.20. Gemalto / Cinterion
- 2.2.21. Gemalto CINTERION Wireless Module Functions
- 2.3. Telemedicine Market Forecasts
- 2.3.1. Congestive Heart Failure
- 2.3.1. Diabetes Chronic Illness Numbers
- 2.3.1. Incidence of Chronic Disease
- 2.3.2. Chronic Diseases Account For Two-Thirds Of Worldwide Healthcare
Spending
- 2.3.3. Clinical Staff / Patient Ratios: Physician Shortages
- 2.3.4. Viterion Home Health Outcomes in a CHF Population:
- 2.4. Telemonitoring Prices and Reimbursement
- 2.4.1. Cost of Honeywell Homemed Home Health Monitoring & MedPartner
- 2.4.2. TouchPointCare
- 2.5. Interactive Voice Response (IVR)
- 2.5.1. Healthcare Providers Use Technology To Improve Effectiveness Of
Care Providers
- 2.5.2. HHSC
- 2.6. Tele-Monitoring Alarm Devices
- 2.7. Tele-Monitor Regional Markets
- 2.7.1. Remote Patient Monitoring Market In The US
- 2.7.2. Remote Patient Monitoring Market In Europe
- 2.7.3. Bosch Remote Patient Monitoring Regional Market Participation
3. TELEMEDICINE PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 3.1. Bosch Healthcare Telehealth Solutions
- 3.1.1. Bosch Healthcare, Bosch Telehealth and Care Solutions
- 3.1.2. Bosch Healthcare Supports Independent Living At Home
- 3.1.3. Bosch Telehealth Solutions
- 3.1.4. Bosch Telemedicine Provides Daily Care for Patients with Chronic
Conditions
- 3.1.5. Bosch Devices for Patients with Diabetes
- 3.1.6. Bosch Health Buddy Decision Support Tools
- 3.1.7. Bosch Patient's Support System
- 3.1.8. Bosch Telehealth Results
- 3.1.9. Bosch Healthcare telehealth Wireless Modem Option
- 3.1.10. Bosch Heath Buddy
- 3.1.11. Bosch Healthcare Telehealth Custom Messaging Feature
- 3.1.12. Bosch Healthcare Telehealth T400 Home Health Monitor
- 3.1.13. Bosch Healthcare Advancing Telehealth Solutions Through Dialogue
- 3.1.14. Bosch Healthcare Telehealth Growth
- 3.1.15. Bosch Health Buddy system / VRI
- 3.1.16. McKesson Telehealth Advisor
- 3.1.17. McKesson Channel Partner - The Bosch Group
- 3.2. Bayer / Viterion TeleHealthcare
- 3.2.1. Bayer / Viterion 200 TeleHealth Monitor
- 3.2.2. Viterion Telehealthcare, A Business Of Bayer Healthcare
- 3.2.3. Viterion 100 TeleHeath Monitor
- 3.2.4. ViterionNET Simple Internet Connection
- 3.2.5. ViterionNET Capabilities
- 3.2.6. ViterionNET Data-Encryption
- 3.2.7. Viterion® 200 Telehealth Monitor For Diabetes Care
- 3.2.8. Alegent Health Homecare Viterion 100 Home Care Tele-monitoring
Survey
- 3.2.9. Viterion Telemonitoring Equipment:
- 3.3. Honeywell
- 3.3.1. Honeywell Tablet Telehealth App
- 3.3.2. Honeywell Telehealth Devices
- 3.3.3. Samsung Galaxy Tab to Run Honeywell Cloud Telehealth App
- 3.3.4. Honeywell Genesis Touch allows the Galaxy tablet
- 3.3.5. Honeywell Genesis LifeStream Dashboard
- 3.3.6. Honeywell HomMed Genesis Touch™Telehealth
- 3.3.7. Honeywell HomMed Redefining Telehealth with Tablet Technology
- 3.3.8. Honeywell LifeStream, Genesis Fuze Meeting Cloud-Based Platform
- 3.3.9. Honeywell HomMed
- 3.3.10. Honeywell HomeMed Health Monitoring System: Visiting Nurses
Association (VNA)
- 3.3.11. Honeywell HomeMed Health Monitoring System
- 3.3.12. Honeywell HomMed MedPartner
- 3.3.13. Honeywell Homemed Health Monitoring System Criteria for
Monitoring
- 3.3.14. Cost of Honeywell HomeMed Home Health Monitoring & MedPartner
- 3.3.15. Honeywell HomeMed Health Monitoring System FDA Class II,
Hospital Grade, Medical Device
- Honeywell HomMed Med Partner
- 3.4. Cardiocom Commander
- 3.4.1. Cardiocom Commander Modular And Flexible Design
- 3.4.2. Cardiocom System
- 3.4.3. Cardiocom Vital Sign Telemonitoring for CHF, COPD, Asthma,
Diabetes, Hypertension, and Obesity
- 3.4.4. Cardiocom® Multi-Disease Management
- 3.5. Philips Steady Scale
- 3.6. MedApps
- 3.7. Biotronik Cardiac Telemonitoring Devices
- 3.7.1. Biotronik Home Monitoring Lumax 540 Series State-Of-The-Art
Features
- 3.8. Care Innovations
- 3.8.1. Care Innovations Patient Reports
- 3.8.2. Care Innovations™ Connect Can Help Seniors In Independent
Living Facilities
- 3.9. Nursing Stations
- 3.10. Honeywell Web-Based LifeStream Management Suite
- 3.11. GE Healthcare / Intel Telemedicine
- 3.11.1. Intel Health Sessions
- 3.11.2. Intel Video Calls
- 3.12. LG Telemonitoring Smartcare System
- 3.13. Honeywell HomeMed's Genesis Touch Telehealth
- App Sends The Data To Honeywell's Web-Based LifeStream Management Suite
- 3.13.1. Honeywell HomMed Genesis Touch include the Fuze Meeting visual
collaboration
- 3.13.2. Honeywell HomMed LifeStream™ Platform
- 3.13.3. Honeywell HomMed LifeStream Connect
- 3.14. STMicroelectronics
- 3.15. Viterion® TeleHealthcare Network is:
- 3.15.1. Viterion TeleHealthcare Nursing Station
- 3.16. Cardiocom Integrated Systems
- 3.16.1. Cardiocom Tiered Platforms
- 3.17. Pulse Oximetry
- 3.18. Nonin Pulse Oximetry Sensor Accuracy
- 3.18.1. Nonin PureSAT® Pulse Oximetry Technology
- 3.18.2. Nonin True Pulse Detection
- 3.18.3. Nonin Low Signal Filter
- 3.18.4. Nonin Smart Averaging
- 3.19. Portable Heart Monitoring Devices
- 3.20. Kiwok mHealth
- 3.20.1. Kiwok Equipment For Long-Term ECG
- 3.21. Thermograph
- 3.22. JSC CEM TEC Telemedicine
- 3.23. Home Medical Stations
- 3.24. A&D Medical
- 3.24.1. A&D Medical Scale
- 3.24.2. A&D Medical Activity Monitor
- 3.24.3. A&D Medical DataSend Personal Blood Pressure Monitor
- 3.25. Authentidate Holding
- 3.25.1. Authentidate Holding ExpressMD™ Solutions
- 3.26. Telemedicine Services
- 3.27. Bosch Telemedicine Services
- 3.27.1. Bosch / VRI
- 3.27.2. VRI Extends The Reach Of Bosch Healthcare Telehealth Solutions
- 3.28. Consult A Doctor
- 3.29. Honeywell Web-based LifeStream Management Suite
- 3.30. Philips® Telemonitoring Services
- 3.31. Alcatel-Lucent
- 3.32. American Well collaboration with Harvard Medical School's
Joslin Diabetes Center
- 3.33. Cardiocom Telehealth Nurse
- 3.33.1. Cardiocom's Clinical Services:
- 3.34. TouchPointCare
- 3.34.1. TouchPointCare Telehealth Program
- 3.34.2. TouchPointCare Telemedicine Positioning
- 3.34.3. TouchPointCare Application
- 3.34.4. TouchPointCare Monitoring Functions
- 3.34.5. TouchPointCare Flexibility
- TouchPointCare Disease Management Programs
- 3.34.6. TouchPointCare Opinion Surveys - Patients, Physicians, And
Employees
- 3.35. Hospital Telemedicine Systems
- 3.36. Philips HeartStart Telemedicine System
- 3.36.1. Philips Heart Start
- 3.36.2. Philips IntelliVue Application Server
- 3.36.3. Phiips Application Server Positioning
- 3.37. Systems Hospitals Are Purchasing For Remote Patient Monitoring
- 3.37.1. Hospital Telehealth Solutions As A Collaborative Care Model
- 3.38. Logitech LifeSize® Telehealth: Better Care To More Patients
For Less Money
- 3.38.1. Lifesize Telepresence Intelligently Optimized for the Network
4. TELE-MONITOR TECHNOLOGY
- 4.1. Patient-Centered /-Participatory Congestive Heart Failure
Telemonitoring
- 4.1.1. Heart Failure Congress 2011
- 4.1.2. TIM-HF Study CHF
- 4.1.3. TheTEHAF study
- 4.1.4. Johns Hopkins Home-Based Telemonitoring
- 4.2. Diabetes Remote Monitoring
- 4.2.1. Diabetes Remote Monitoring Drivers
- 4.2.2. Partners HealthCare Diabetes Remote Monitoring Program Overview
- 4.2.3. Partners HealthCare Diabetes Monitoring Member
- 4.3. Partners Healthcare Blood Pressure Home Monitoring Health
Initiative
- 4.3.1. Partners Healthcare Blood Pressure Connect
- 4.4. Medtronic
- 4.5. Health Monitoring
- 4.5.1. Patient-Centered Home Tele Health Monitoring
- 4.6. Chronic Heart Failure Clinical Studies
- 4.7. Texas Pilot Program
- 4.7.1. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) A Major Chronic Condition
- 4.7.2. Hypertension Intervention Nurse Telemedicine (HINTS) Study
- 4.8. Ingestible Event Marker
- 4.8.1. Home healthcare Technologies
- 4.8.2. Telemonitoring Research Studies
- 4.9. Continua
- 4.9.1. Continua Health Alliance Provides Integration Technology
- 4.9.2. Continua Health Alliance
- 4.10. Telehealth Value Categories
- 4.11. Telemedicine Accessibility
- 4.12. Communities and Collaboration
- 4.13. Telemedicine Value Chain Sustainability
- 4.14. Telemedicine Sustaining Finance Model
- 4.15. Real-Time Remote Medical Diagnosis System (RTRMDS)
- 4.15.1. Tele-pharmacy
- 4.15.2. Electronic Medical Records Detail Drug Information Effectiveness
- 4.15.3. Consumers Increasingly Involved In Treatment Decision-Making
- 4.16. Health Care Monitoring Solutions Technology
- 4.16.1. Health Information Exchange Services
- 4.17. Home-Based Care
- 4.18. ‘Mobile Health Clinics'
- 4.18.1. Self-Service Kiosks
- 4.18.2. Mobile Health Care
- 4.18.3. Mobile Office a Set Of Commonly Used Mobile Communication Tools
- 4.18.4 Telemedicine Allows Medical Professionals To Consult And Diagnose
Patients Remotely
- 4.19. DICOM Index Tracker NDS Surgical Imaging, LLC
- 4.20. Population Of The Developed World Is Growing Older, Medical
Costs Are Rising, Not Enough Doctors To Heal The Elderly Sick
- 4.20.1. Remote Monitoring Device
- 4.21. US Government Tele-Health Subcommittees
- 4.21.1. Telehealth Product Medical Device Regulation In The United States
5. Telemedicine Company Profiles
- 5.1. A&D Engineering / A&D Medical
- 5.1.1. A&D Medical Wellness Connected
- 5.1.2. A&D Wellness Connected Online Service
- 5.2. Aerotel Medical Systems
- 5.3. American Heart Association (AHA)
- 5.3.1. American Hospital Association Awards the University of Rochester
Medical Center's Pediatric Telemedicine Program Health-e-Access Recognition
- 5.4. American TeleCare
- 5.5. American Telemedicine Association
- 5.6. Apple
- 5.6.1. Apple Business Strategy
- 5.6.2. Apple Products
- 5.6.3. Apple iPhone
- 5.6.4. Apple iPad
- 5.6.5. Apple Mac Hardware Products
- 5.6.6. Apple iPod
- 5.6.7. Apple iTunes®
- 5.6.8. Apple Mac App Store
- 5.6.9. Apple iCloud
- 5.6.10. Apple Software Products and Computer Technologies
- 5.6.11. Apple Operating System Software iOS
- 5.6.12. Apple Mac OS X
- 5.6.13. Apple TV
- 5.6.14. Apple Net Sales
- 5.7. AT&T
- 5.7.1. AT&T Revenue
- 5.7.2. AT&T Wireless
- 5.7.3. AT&T Services and Products
- 5.7.4. AT&T Voice Service
- 5.7.5. AT&T Innovative Data Services
- 5.7.6. AT&T Business Customers
- 5.7.7. AT&T Data/Broadband
- 5.7.8. AT&T Business Secure Mobile Threats
- 5.7.9. AT&T Mobile Security
- 5.8. Athens Regional Home Health In-Home Telemonitoring Services
- 5.9. Authentidate Holding
- 5.9.1. Authentidate Holding ExpressMD™ Solutions Joint Venture
- 5.9.2. Authentidate Regional Service Offerings
- 5.9.3. Authentidate Holding Revenues
- 5.9.4. Authentidate Holding Remote Patient Monitoring Solutions
- 5.9.5. Authentidate Holding VA Plan
- 5.9.6. Authentidate Holding Revenue
- 5.9.7. Authentidate Holding / EncounterCare Solutions Joint Venture
- 5.10. Axon
- 5.11. Bayer AG / Bayer HealthCare
- 5.11.1. Bayer / Viterion TeleHealthcare
- 5.11.2. Bayer Diabetes Care
- 5.11.3. Bayer Nexavar in Combination with Chemotherapy Improves
Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer in Phase
II Study
- 5.11.4. Bayer 2011 Revenue
- 5.12. Biotronik
- 5.12.1. Biotronik Electrotherapy
- 5.12.2. Biotronik Vascular Intervention
- 5.12.3. Biotronik CHF Study
- 5.13. Bosch Group
- 5.13.1. Bosch Group
- 5.13.2. Bosch Healthcare Supports Independent Living At Home
- 5.13.3. Bosch Security Systems Division
- 5.13.4. Robert Bosch Healthcare
- 5.13.5. Robert Bosch Remote Patient Monitoring
- 5.13.6. Bosch Healthcare Telehealth Systems
- 5.13.7. Bosch Healthcare Health Buddy System
- 5.13.8. Bosch Addresses Role of Compliance in Telehealth Adoption
- 5.13.9. Bosch North America Veterans Health Administration
- 5.13.10. Bosch / VRI
- 5.13.11. Robert Bosch Healthcare, Inc. has been selected by
Connections365
- 5.13.12. Bosch Group and Health Hero Network
- 5.14. Cardiocom
- 5.15. Care Innovations: Intel and GE
- 5.16. Columbia University's Informatics for Diabetes Education and
Telemedicine
- 5.17. Connections365
- 5.18. Continua
- 5.19. Debiotech
- 5.20. Evident Health Services
- 5.20.1. Evident Health Services (EHS)
- 5.21. FuzeBox
- 5.22. Gemalto / Cinterion
- 5.22.1. Cinterion
- 5.22.2. Gemalto / Cinterion
- 5.22.3. Gemalto / CINTERION Active Member Of The Continua Alliance
- 5.22.4. Gemalto / Cinterion Mobile Health - M2M Telemonitoring
- 5.23. Home Healthcare Hospice and Community Services (HCS)
- 5.23.1. Home Healthcare Partners (HHP)
- 5.24. Honeywell
- 5.24.1. Honeywell HomMed:
- 5.24.2. Honeywell Genesis Telehealth Monitors and LifeStream™
Management Suite
- 5.24.3. Honeywell HomeMed Health Monitoring System
- 5.24.4. Honeywell HomeMed Health Monitoring System: Health Visiting
Nurses Association (VNA)
- 5.24.5. Honeywell Reports Second Quarter 2011 Sales Up 15% to $9.1
Billion
- 5.25. Infopia
- 5.26. Johns Hopkins Launch Home Telemonitoring Education Initiative
- 5.27. JSC CEM Technology
- 5.28. Kiwok
- 5.29. LG
- 5.29.1. LG Telemonitoring Smartcare System
- 5.30. LifeMasters
- 5.31. Logitech
- 5.31.1. LifeSize Telepresence
- 5.31.2. Logitech Revenue Net Sales By Operating Segment
- 5.31.3. Logitech Sales of PC Peripherals In Mature Markets Expected to
Decline
- 5.31.4. Logitech LifeSize
- 5.31.5. Logitech Digital Home Category
- 5.31.6. Logitech Sales of OEM Mice And Keyboards
- 5.31.7. Logitech Net Sales by Channel
- 5.31.8. Logitech Segment Revenue
- 5.31.9. Logitech LifeSize
- 5.31.10. Logitech LifeSize UVC Video Conferencing Infrastructure Platform
- 5.32. McKesson
- 5.32.1. McKesson Telehospice Technology
- 5.32.2. McKesson / Caris Healthcare
- 5.33. MedApps
- 5.33.1. MedApps Healthpal
- 5.33.2. VRI Selects MedApps HealthPAL MA105to Extend the Home
- 5.33.3. MedApps Comprehensive Health Information Management Platform
- 5.33.4. MedApps' Value Proposition
- 5.34. Medtronic
- 5.35. Montefiore / CMO, the Care Management Company
- 5.35.1. CMO, The Care Management Company
- 5.36. National Committee for Quality Assurance
- 5.37. Nonin Medical, Inc.
- 5.38. Partners Healthcare
- 5.38.1. Partners HealthCare Focus Areas:
- 5.38.2. Partners Healthcare Digital Care Delivery
- 5.38.3. Partners Healthcare Patient Segmentation
- 5.38.4. Partners Healthcare Research and Evaluation Team
- 5.38.5. Partners Healthcare Sample Recent Telemonitoring Projects
- 5.38.6. Programs In Heart Failure, Hypertension, Diabetes And Other
Chronic Conditions
- 5.38.7. Partners Healthcare Center for Connected Health
- 5.39. Philips
- 5.39.1. Phiips Visicu
- 5.39.2. Philips Addresses Healthcare Landscape
- 5.39.3. Philips/Respironics Monitoring Solution Powered By Cinterion
TC65i:
- 5.39.4. Philips Sales
- 5.39.5. Philips Healthcare
- 5.39.6. Royal Philips Revenue
- 5.39.7. Royal Philips Electronics / Respironics
- 5.39.8. Philips Respironics
- 5.39.9. Philips Respironics
- 5.40. ProConnections, Inc.
- 5.41. REACH Health, Inc.
- 5.41.1. REACH HealthInc Comprehensive Telemedicine Solution
- 5.41.2. REACH Comprehensive Solutions
- 5.41.3. REACH Health Telemedicine
- 5.41.4. Reach Customers
- 5.42. RS TechMedic BV
- 5.43. Samsung
- 5.43.1. 2012 Samsung Predicts Global Economic Slowdown
- 5.43.2. Samsung Medical Business
- 5.44. Sandata Technologies, Inc.
- 5.45. STMicroelectronics
- 5.45.1. Debiotech and STMicroelectronics
- 5.46. TeleAtrics™
- 5.47. Trifecta Technologies
- 5.48. TouchPointCare
- 5.48.1. TouchPointCare Strategic Position
- 5.48.2. Touch Point Care / Visiting Angels
- 5.48.3. Loyola Medical Center
- 5.48.4. LHC Group
- 5.48.5. Lexington Health Care
- 5.48.6. KSB Home Health
- 5.48.7. Home Care Health Services
- 5.48.8. Health Contact Partners - Wheeling, IL
- 5.48.9. Glaxo Smith Kline
- 5.48.10. Family Home Care
- 5.48.11. Aurora Health Care
- 5.48.12. Anderson Hospital Home Health Care
- 5.48.13. Almost Family/Caretenders
- 5.48.14. Advocate Home Health
- 5.49. Tunstall Healthcare Group
- 5.49.1. AMAC American Medical Alert Corp.
- 5.49.2. American Medical Alert Call Center Centric Solutions
- 5.49.3. AMAC Health and Safety Monitoring Systems (HSMS)
- 5.49.4. AMAC Personal Emergency Response Systems (PERS)
- 5.49.5. AMAC / Lifecomm
- 5.49.6. Visiting Nurse Service of New York and AMAC Contract for
Provision of Home Monitoring Emergency Response System
- 5.49.7. AMAC Telehealth Systems
- 5.49.8. AMAC Call Centers
- 5.49.9. AMAC Revenue
- 5.49.10. AMAC Telehealth systems
- 5.49.11. AMAC After Hours Answering Services
- 5.49.12. AMAC / Intel® Health Guide
- 5.50. University of Houston
- 5.51. Verizon Technologies
- 5.51.1. Verizon In The Wireless Market
- 5.51.2. Verizon Operates Advanced Broadband Backbone Networks
- 5.51.3. Verizon Owns And Operates Much Of The Infrastructure That
Comprises The Internet
- 5.52. Veteran's Administration (VA)
- 5.53. VIDAVO S.A
- 5.54. Virtual Health
- 5.55. Vodafone
- 5.1.1. Vodafone Cloud Features:
- 5.56. VRI
- 5.56.1. VRI Digi Pal
- 5.56.2. VRI partnership with Robert Bosch Healthcare
- 5.56.3. VRI Digi Pal
- 5.56.4. VRI
- 5.57. Windstream
- 5.58. Selected Providers for Emergency Medical Care Monitoring
List of Tables and Figures
Telemedicine Executive Summary
- Table ES-1: Factors Likely To Create Shift To Telemedicine
- Table ES-2: Telemedicine Adoption Rate Issues And Concerns
- Figure ES-3: Telemedicine Market Factors
- Figure ES-4: Aging of the Population, 600 Million Elderly
Individuals World Wide
- Figure ES-5: Telemedicine Challenge: One Billion Adults Over
Weight, 86 Million Individuals with Chronic Conditions
- Figure ES-6: Telemedicine Goal: Improve Lifestyle Choices
- Table ES-7: Telemonitoring Market Driving Forces
- Table ES-8: Tele-Monitoring Critical Issues Addressed
- Table ES-9: Tele-Monitoring Clinical Results
- Table ES-10: Tele Health Monitoring Problem Solution Aspects
- Table ES-11: Telemedicine Market Shares, Dollars, Worldwide, 2011
- Figure ES-12: TeleMonitor Software Market Forecasts,
Dollars,Worldwide, 2012-2018
Telemedicine Market Description and Market Dynamics
- Figure 1-1: Remote Monitoring as Standard of Care
- Table 1-2: Telemedicine Nursing Stations Typical Telemonitoring
Questions
- Table 1-3: Remote Patient Monitoring Device Uses
- Table 1-4: Clinical Assessment and Response to Alert Provided by
Telemonitor
- Table 1-4 (Continued): Clinical Assessment And Response To Alert
Provided By Telemonitor
- Table 1-5: Clinical Assessment And Actions Taken To Alert Provided
By Telemonitor
- Table 1-6: Telehealth Solutions Benefits
- Table 1-7: Monitoring Used To Take Measurements In Homecare Settings
- Table 1-8: Monitoring Measurement Functions In Homecare Settings
- Table 1-9: Bosch Recommendations for Innovation Funded By The VA
- Table 1-10: Intel Health Guide Functions
- Table 1-11: Intel® Health Care Management Suite of Software Tools
- Table 1-11: NEJM Letters That Critique The Telemonitoring Study
- Table 1-12: Physician Notification on CHF Using “SBAR”
- Table 1-13: US Healthcare Coverage Legislation Functions
- Table 1-14: FDA Enforcement Actions And Remedies
- Table 1-15: HIPAA Information Covered entities
- Table 1-16: HIPAA Information That Needs to Be Private
- Table 1-17: HIPAA Information Sharing by Health Care Providers
- Table 1-18: HIPAA Information Sharing Prohibitions
- Table 1-19: HIPAA Information Managed via Court Order
- Figure 1-20: HIPAA Privacy and Security Rule and Compliant Process
Telemedicine Market Shares and Market Forecasts
- Table 2-1: Factors Likely To Create Shift To Telemedicine
- Table 2-2: Telemedicine Adoption Rate Issues And Concerns
- Figure 2-3: Telemedicine Market Factors
- Figure 2-4: Aging of the Population, 600 Million Elderly
Individuals World Wide
- Figure 2-5: Telemedicine Challenge: One Billion Adults Over Weight,
86 Million Individuals with Chronic Conditions
- Figure 2-6: Telemedicine Goal: Improve Lifestyle Choices
- Table 2-7: Telemonitoring Market Driving Forces
- Table 2-8: Tele-Monitoring Critical Issues Addressed
- Table 2-9: Tele-Monitoring Clinical Results
- Table 2-10: Tele Health Monitoring Problem Solution Aspects
- Table 2-11: Telemedicine Market Shares, Dollars, Worldwide, 2011
- Table 2-12: Telemedicine Market Shares, Dollars, Worldwide, 2011
- Table 2-13: Gemalto CINTERION Wireless Module Functions
- Figure 2-14: TeleMonitor Software Market Forecasts, Dollars,
Worldwide, 2012-2018
- Table 2-15: Telemedicine Device and Software Market Forecasts,
Units and Dollars, Worldwide, 2012-2018
- Figure 2-16: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Patients Worldwide,
Forecasts, Number, 2012-2018
- Figure 2-17: Diabetes Patients Worldwide, Forecasts, Number,
2012-2018
- Table 2-18: Number of Patients with Disease Conditions Requiring
Wheelchairs, By Diagnosis, Number, Worldwide, 2012-2018
- Figure 2-19: Follow Up Link Increases Exponentially In Europe
- Table 2-20: Tele-Monitoring Program Benefits
- Table 2-21: Tele-Monitoring Alarm Devices
- Figure 2-22: Tele-Monitor Regional Market Segments, 2011
- Table 2-23: Telemedicine Regional Market Segments, 2011
Telemedicine Product Description
- Figure 3-1: Bosch Health Buddy System
- Table 3-2: Bosch Health Buddy system Components
- Figure 3-3: Bosch Health Buddy Decision Support Dashboard and Heat
Map
- Table 3-4: Bosch Healthcare Telehealth Solution
- Figure 3-5: Bosch Health Buddy System
- Table 3-6: Bosch Health Buddy System Patient Uses for Custom
Messaging
- Figure 3-7: Bosch VitelCare™ T400 Home Health Monitor
- Figure 3-8: Bosch Decision Support
- Table 3-9: Bosch ViTelCare Functions
- Table 3-10: McKesson / Bosch Telehealth Advisor Benefits
- Table 3-11: McKesson / Bosch Telehealth Advisor Features
- Table 3-12: Bayer / Viterion TeleHealthcare UK Department of Health
(DOH) Initial Findings from Whole System Demonstrator (WSD) Program
- Figure 3-13: Viterion 200
- Table 3-14: Viterion TeleHealth Monitor Measurement Of Vital Signs:
- Figure 3-15: Viterion 100
- Table 3-16: ViterionNET Administrator Features:
- Figure 3-17: Viterion Monitor
- Table 3-18: ViterionNET Healthcare Provider Features:
- Table 3-19: Viterion Telemonitoring Study Parameters:
- Table 3-20: Viterion Telemonitoring Study Statistics:
- Table 3-21: Honeywell HomMed Genesis Touch Key features
- Table 3-22: Honeywell Homemed Health Monitoring System Vital Signs
Features
- Table 3-23: Honeywell Homemed Health Monitoring System Features
- Table 3-24: Honeywell Homemed Health Monitoring Med Partner System
Features
- Table 3-25: Honeywell Homemed Health Monitoring System Criteria for
Monitoring
- Table 3-26: Honeywell HomeMed Health Monitoring System Functions
- Table 3-27: Honeywell HomMed Recommended Criteria for Monitoring
- Figure 3-28: Cardiocom Commander
- Table 3-29: Cardiocom Commander Features
- Table 3-30: Cardiocom Commander Modular Functions
- Table 3-31: Cardiocom Commander Home Telehealth Management of
Complex Conditions
- Table 3-32: Cardiocom System Vital Signs Disease Conditions
Telemonitoring
- Table 3-33: Cardiocom Commander Features
- Figure 3-34: Cardiocom Comprehensive Monitoring Solution
- Table 3-35: Cardiocom System Vital Signs Telemonitoring Solutions
Functions
- Table 3-36: Cardiocom System Modules
- Table 3-37: Cardiocom System Modules
- Table 3-38: Value of Philips Home Telemonitoring
- Figure 3-39: Philips Decision Support for Home Telemonitoring
- Figure 3-40: MedApps HealthPAL
- Figure 3-41: Care Innovations Telemedicine Tablet Device
- Figure 3-42: Care Innovations Telemedicine Devices
- Figure 3-43: Care Innovations Telemedicine Monitoring Blood Pressure
- Figure 3-44: Care Innovations Telemedicine Monitor Screen
- Figure 3-45: Care Innovations Telemedicine Video Conferencing
- Figure 3-46: Care Innovations Telemedicine Monitor
- Table 3-47: Nurse Call Center Manages Information Typical AMCC
Telemonitoring Questions For Patients
- Figure 3-48: Intel® Health Guide: Healthcare Technology
- Table 3-49: Intel-Based Computers Positioning for Rural Areas
Worldwide
- Figure 3-50: Intel Telemedicine Device
- Figure 3-51: Viterion TeleHealthcare Nursing Station
- Figure 3-52: Cardiocom Integrated Systems
- Figure 3-53: Cardiocom Device Platforms
- Table 3-54: Kiwok BodyKom ECG Features
- Figure 3-55: A&D Medical Scale
- Table 3-56: A&D Medical XL-18 Activity Monitor Product Features
- Figure 3-57: A&D Medical XL-18 Tri-Axial Activity Monitor
- Figure 3-58: A&D Medical DataSend Personal Blood Pressure Monitor
- Figure 3-59: Wellness Connected Wireless Blood Pressure Monitor
UA-851THX Product Features
- Table 3-60: Types of Patients Referred For Philips AseraCare
Telemonitoring Services At Hospital Discharge
- Table 3-61: TouchPointCare Telehealth Target Markets
- Table 3-62: TouchPointCare Telemedicine Positioning
- Table 3-63: TouchPoint Monitoring Functions
- Table 3-64: TouchPointCare Target Functions
- Table 3-65: TouchPointCare Target Markets
- Table 3-66: TouchPointCare Features
- Table 3-67: TouchPointCare Technology Deployment Features
- Table 3-68: TouchPointCare Monitoring Key benefits
- Table 3-69: Philips HeartStart Telemedicine Benefits for Receiving
Hospitals
- Table 3-70: Philips HeartStart Telemedicine Benefits for EMS
- Table 3-71: Application Server: Systems Integration Features
- Table 3-72: Philips IntelliVue Application Server Functions
- Table 3-73: Hospital Telehealth Solutions
- Figure 3-74: Logitech Lifesize Product Matrix
- Table 4-1: New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) Sarwat I.
Chaudhry, M.D Telemonitoring Research and Letters That Critique The Study
- Table 4-2: Evident Health Services Target Patient Metrics, Best
Practice Targets Blood Pressure, Blood Lipids
- Table 4-2 (Continued): Evident Health Services Target Patient
Metrics, Best Practice Targets Blood Pressure, Blood Lipids
- Table 4-3: Evident Health Services Target Patient Metrics, Best
Practice Obesity and Insulin Targets
- Table 4-4: Partners Healthcare Tele-Monitoring Benefits
- Figure 4-5: Medtronic CareLink Disease Management
- Figure 4-6: Medtronic Device Monitoring and Disease Management
- Figure 4-7: Device Follow-up and Disease Management
- Figure 4-8: Medtronic Cardiac Implantable Device Monitoring Heart
Failure Guidelines
- Figure 4-9: Viterion Device for Tele-Health Monitoring
- Figure 4-10: Continua Interfaces and Standards for Telemedicine
- Figure 4-11: Continua Telemedicine Ecosystem Development
- Figure 4-12: Continua Personal Connected Healthcare Solution
- Figure 4-13: Payer Impact on Telemedicine
- Figure 4-14: PPACA Telemedicine Quality Improvement
- Figure 4-15: Philips Telemedicine Operating Model
- Table 4- 16: Healthcare Education: Value Categories and KPIs
- Table 4-17: Telemedicine Accessibility Functions
- Table 4-18: Healthcare Delivery In A Community Context
- Table 4-19: Health Information Exchange services Example Solutions
- Table 4-20: Health Information Exchange Services Benefits
- Table 4-21: Home-Based Care Telemedicine Benefits
- Table 4-22: Mobile Health Care Solution
- Table 4-23: Mobile Office Solutions
- Table 4-24: Telehealth Readiness Assessment System Functions
- Table 5-1: A&D Positioning:
- Figure 5-2: A&D Wellness Connected Solutions
- Figure 5-3: A&D Wellness Connected Wireless Precision Scale
- Figure 5-4: A&D Wellness Connected Wireless Blood Pressure Monitor
AT&T Mobile Security Benefits
- Table 5-6: Authentidate Holding Positioning and Risks
- Table 5-7: Biotronik Electrotherapy Devices
- Table 5-8: Biotronik Electrotherapy Devices
- Table 5-9: Cardiocom Patient Conditions For Telemonitoring And
Disease Management
- Figure 5-10: Continua Telemedicine Board Members
- Figure 5-11: Continua Telemedicine Promoter Members
- Figure 5-12: Continua Telemedicine Challenges
- Table 5-13: Key Components of Evident Health Services Methodology
- Table 5-14: Key Components of Evident Health Services Collaboration
- Table 5-15: Gemalto / CINTERION Wireless Module Functions
- Figure 5-16: CINTERION Global Interoperable Personal Health
Solutions Architecture
- Figure 5-17: Gemalto / Cinterion Wireless Data Transmission
- Table 5-18: Honeywell HomMed Genesis Touch Key features
- Table 5-19: JSC CEM Technology
- Table 5-20: CEMR-ThermoDiagnostics Personal Thermograph Target
Audience and Aims
- Table 5-21: Personal thermograph
“CEMR-ThermoDiagnostics” for Professional And Domestic Use
- Table 5-22: Prices for CEMR-ThermoDiagnostics Personal Thermograph:
- Table 5-23: Logitech LifeSize UVC Platform Features
- Table 5-24: McKesson Telehealth Advisor Critical Issues Addressed
- Table 5-25: McKesson Telehealth Advisor Clinical Results
- Table 5-26: MedApps Products
- Table 5-27: MedApps System Features
- Figure 5-28: Medtronic EMR Systems
- Figure 5-29: Medtronic Carelink Value Propositions
- Table 5-30: Partners Healthcare Connected Health Consulting Services
- Table 5-31: Partners Healthcare Heart Failure, Hypertension,
Diabetes And Chronic Condition Programs
- Table 5-32: Philips Positions To Simplify Global Healthcare
Delivery For The Long Term
- Table 5-33: Philips Healthcare Delivery Product Positioning
- Figure 5-34: Philips Healthcare Positioning
- Figure 5-35: Philips Healthcare Equipment Order Intake Trends
PHILIPS
Equipment order intake showing signs of recovery
improving trend since 1H 2009
Quarterly currency adjusted equipment order intake
currency adjusted order intake only relates to the Imaging Systems and Patient Care &
Clinical Informatics businesses which account for approximately 60% of the Healthcare
protfolio, partly book-and-bill the quarter.
- Figure 5-36: Philips Revenue Market Segments
1998 actual sales split
1) Consumer Lifestyle in 1998 included the former DAP and Consumer Electronics divisions
- Figure 5-37: Philips Employee, Manufacturing, and Research Profile
- Figure 5-38: Philips Continuing Sales Growth in Emerging Markets
- Figure 5-39: Philips Gaining Share And Leadership in Emerging
Markets
- Figure 5-40: Philips Delivering Margin Improvement and Decreasing
Manufacturing Overhead
- Figure 5-41: Philips Healthcare Information Systems Market Shares
- Figure 5-42: Samsung Revenue Growth
- Table 5-43: TeleAtrics™Childcare Center Features
- Table 5-44: TouchPointCare
- Table 3-44: TouchPointCare Goals
- Table 5-46: AMAC Call Centers
- Figure 5-47: AMAC / IntelR Health Guide
- Figure 5-48: AMAC / Bosch Health Buddy®
- Figure 5-49: Tunstall Healthcare Group / AMC Positioning to Provide
Continuity of Care for Chronic Conditions
- Table 5-50: Vidavo Positioning
- Table 5-51: Vodafone Cloud Features
- Table 5-52: VRI Units Monitored
- Table 5-53: VRI Services to Partners
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