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Clean Coal Technologies Markets and Trends Worldwide, 2nd Edition
出版日期 : 2012年01月
商品編碼: 227837
Abstract
Introduction
Coal is the most abundant and economical fossil fuel in the world and over
6,400 million tonnes of coal were produced globally in 2008. More than 80% of
the world' s coal reserves are located in the United States, China, India,
Russia, Australia, and South Africa. Coal is primarily used for the generation
of electricity, with smaller volumes used for industrial process heat and in
steel production.
Coal is the currently the most frequently used fuel for electricity
generation. Coal produces about 42% of the world' s electricity. On a levelized
cost of production basis, the global market value of coal-fired electricity
exceeded $400 billion in 2008.
Coal is an important fuel source and will likely remain so due to its low cost
and abundance. However, the use of coal in combustion to generate electricity
leads to various environmental challenges. The coal industry continues to
develop various clean coal technologies to address these challenges. In 2008,
global generation of electricity using clean coal technologies is currently
valued at over $61 billion.
Clean Coal Energy Technologies: Markets and Trends Worldwide includes a broad
review of the market for clean coal technologies for coal-fired electricity
generation. The report provides a discussion of several of the technologies
employed or in development to address the environmental impact of coal. The
market demand for coal, electricity, and clean coal-fired electricity is
quantified and projections for growth in demand are provided, along with the
key factors influencing this growth. The report also provides profiles of 14
companies active in clean coal.
Report Methodology
The information in Clean Coal Energy Technologies: Markets and Trends
Worldwide is based on primary and secondary research. Primary research
entailed in-depth interviews with firms involved in the development of clean
coal technologies and coal-fired electricity generation to obtain information
on the developing market and factors shaping the industry. Secondary research
entailed data gathering from relevant sources, including government and
industry publications, company literature and corporate annual reports.
What You' ll Get in This Report
Clean Coal Energy Technologies: Markets and Trends Worldwide contains
important insights and projections regarding the future of this market around
the world. No other market research report provides both the comprehensive
analysis and data that Clean Coal Energy Technologies: Markets and Trends
Worldwide offers. Subscribers will benefit from extensive data, presented in
easy-to-read and practical charts, tables and graphs.
How You' ll Benefit from This Report
If your company is already doing business in the market for clean coal
technologies for coal-fired power generation, or is considering entering the
marketplace, you will find this report invaluable. It provides a comprehensive
package of information and insight not offered in any other single source. You
will gain a thorough understanding of the current global market for clean coal
technologies for coal-fired power generation, as well as projected markets and
trends through 2013.
This report will help:
- Marketing managers understand the market forces shaping the market
for clean coal technologies and identify market opportunities.
- Research and development professionals stay on top of competitor
initiatives and explore demand for clean coal technologies.
- Business development executives understand the dynamics of the
market and identify possible partnerships.
- Information and research center librarians provide market
researchers, product managers, and other colleagues with the vital information
they need to do their jobs more effectively.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Executive Summary
- Overview
- Table 1-1: Environmental Challenges Presented by Various Coal Plant
Emissions, 2008
- Pollutant Emission Reductions
- Table 1-2: Comparison of Particulate Removal Systems, 2008
- Conversion Efficiency Improvements
- Table 1-3: Average Achievable Combustion Efficiency by Combustion
Technology, 2008
- Pulverized Coal Combustion
- Table 1-4: Pressure, Temperature, & Efficiency Comparison of PCC Steam
Units, 2008
- Fluidized Bed Combustion
- Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle
- Carbon Capture and Sequestration
- Figure 1-1: Pathway to Zero Emissions Coal Combustion, 2008
- Carbon Capture
- Carbon Transportation
- Carbon Sequestration
- Global Electricity Demand
- Figure 1-2: Global Electricity Generation, 2004-2008 (Billion kWh)
- Coal Power Generation
- Figure 1-3: Global Coal-Fired Electricity Generation Capacity, 2004-2008
(Gigawatt)
- Global Electricity Demand Projections
- Figure 1-4: Global Electricity Generation, 2009-2013 (Billion kWh)
- Outlook for Coal Power
- World Coal Reserves
- Competing Traditional and Alternative Power Technologies
- Clean Coal Outlook and Winning Technologies
- Figure 1-5: Global CCT Electricity Volume and Value, 2009-2013 (Volume
in Terawatt hour; Value in $ M)
- Figure 1-6: Clean Coal Electricity Generation by Technology, 2009-2013
(Terawatt hours)
- Report Scope
- Report Format
- Report Methodology
- Abbreviations
- Table 1-5: Abbreviations Utilized in Report
Chapter 2: Technology Types
- Overview
- Coal
- Table 2-1: Top Five Producers of World Hard Coal, 2008
- Coal Extraction
- Power Conversion
- Table 2-2: World Electricity Generated from Coal, 2008
- Environmental Impact
- Table 2-3: Environmental Challenges Presented by Various Coal Plant
Emissions, 2008
- Table 2-4: Average Emission Rates from Coal-Fired Electricity
Generation, 2008
- Table 2-5: Clean Coal Technologies and Emissions Addressed, 2008
- Emissions
- Pollutant Emission Reductions
- Coal Preparation
- Flue Gas Cleanup Systems
- Particulate Removal Systems
- Table 2-6: Comparison of Particulate Removal Systems, 2008
- Fabric Filters
- Electrostatic Precipitators
- Figure 2-1: Electrostatic Precipitator Overhead View, 2008
- Wet Particulate Scrubbers
- Flue Gas Desulfurization
- Figure 2-2: Particulate and Sulfur Dioxide Removal in Pulverized Coal
Combustion Process, 2008
- Table 2-7: Comparison of Flue Gas Desulphurization Systems, 2008
- Wet Scrubbers
- Dry Scrubbers
- Circulating Fluid Bed Scrubbers
- Moving Bed Dry Scrubbers
- Spray Dry Scrubbers
- Sorbent Injection Processes
- Furnace Sorbent Injection Process
- Economizer Sorbent Injection Process
- Duct Sorbent Injection Process
- Hybrid Sorbent Injection
- Nitrogen Oxide Reduction Systems
- Table 2-8: Comparison of Nitrogen Oxide-Reducing Flue Gas Systems, 2008
- Selective Catalytic Reduction
- Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction
- Conversion Efficiency Improvements
- Figure 2-3: Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Plants at
Various Efficiencies, 2008 (tonnes/MWh)
- Table 2-9: Average Achievable Combustion Efficiency by Combustion
Technology, 2008
- Pulverized Coal Combustion Technologies
- Figure 2-4: Pulverized Coal Combustion Process, 2008
- Table 2-10: Pressure, Temperature, & Efficiency Comparison of PCC Steam
Units, 2008
- Subcritical Pulverized Coal Combustion
- Supercritical Pulverized Coal Combustion
- Ultra-Supercritical Pulverized Coal Combustion
- Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustion
- Atmospheric Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustion
- Pressurized Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustion
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion
- Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle
- Figure 2-5: Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Combustion Process,
2008
- Carbon Capture and Sequestration
- Figure 2-6: Pathway to Zero Emissions Coal Combustion, 2008
- Carbon Capture
- Figure 2-7: Carbon Capture Options in Development, 2008
- Pre-Combustion Capture
- Oxyfuel Combustion
- Post Combustion Capture
- Chemical Looping Combustion
- Carbon Transportation
- Carbon Sequestration
- Figure 2-8: Carbon Sequestration Options, 2008
- Geological Sequestration
- Deep Saline Formations
- Deep Coal Seams
- Depleted Oil and Gas Fields
- Other Geological Storage
- Terrestrial Sequestration
- Oceanic Sequestration
- Chemical Conversion
Chapter 3: Market Size and Segmentation
- Overview
- Global Coal Production
- Figure 3-1: Global Coal Productiona, 2004-2008 (Million Tonnes)
- Global Coal Consumption
- Figure 3-2: Global Coal Consumption, 2004-2008 (Quadrillion Btu)
- Table 3-1: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Member
Nations, 2008
- Coal Consumption by Sector
- Figure 3-3: Global Coal Consumption by Sector, 2008 (percent)
- Global Electricity Demand
- Figure 3-4: Global Electricity Generation, 2004-2008 (Billion kWh)
- Coal Power Generation
- Figure 3-5: Global Coal-Fired Electricity Generation Capacity, 2004-2008
(Gigawatts)
- Regional Coal Power Generation
- Figure 3-6: Global Coal-Fired Electricity Generation by Region, 2008
(percent)
- Figure 3-7: Coal Power Generation by Regiona, 2004-2009 (Billion kWh)
- Clean Coal Technologies
- Environmental Impact of Coal
- Carbon Dioxide
- Sulfur Dioxide
- Nitrogen Oxides
- Mercury
- Lead
- Particulates
- Figure 3-8: Typical Sulfur Dioxide Emissions of Coal Power Technologies
(mg/ m3)
- Figure 3-9: Typical Nitrogen Oxides Emissions of Coal Power Technologies
(mg/m3)
- Figure 3-10: Typical Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Coal Power Technologies
(g/kWh)
- Figure 3-11: Global Clean Coal Technology Electricity Volume and Value,
2004-2008 (Volume in Terawatt hour; Value in $ M)
- Pulverized Coal Combustion
- Subcritical Pulverized Coal Combustion
- Figure 3-12: Global Coal-Fired Electricity Generation using Sub-Critical
Plants, 2004-2008 (Terawatt hour)
- Super and Ultra-Supercritical Pulverized Coal Combustion
- Figure 3-13: Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Plants at
Various Efficiencies, 2008 (tonnes/MWh)
- Table 3-2 Recent Ultra Supercritical Plants in China
- Figure 3-14: Global Coal-Fired Electricity Generation using
Super/Ultra-Critical Plants, 2004-2008 (Terawatt hour)
- Fluidized Bed Combustion
- Figure 3-15: Global Coal-Fired Electricity Generation Using FBC Plants,
2004-2008 (Terawatt hour)
- Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle
- Figure 3-16: Global Coal-Fired Electricity Generation using IGCC Plants,
2004-2008 (Terawatt hour)
- Carbon Capture and Sequestration
- Figure 3-17: Carbon Sequestration Options, 2008
Chapter 4: Market Factors and Projections
- Overview
- Global Coal Supply Trends
- Global Coal Demand Trends
- Regional Coal Demand Trends
- North America
- Global Electricity Demand Projections
- Figure 4-1: Global Electricity Generation, 2009-2013 (Billion kWh)
- Outlook for Coal Power
- World Coal Reserves
- Competing Traditional and Alternative Power Technologies
- Natural Gas
- Fuel Conversion
- Electricity Generation and Sustainability
- Table 4-1: World Electricity Generated from Natural Gas, 2008
- Table 4-2: World' s Proved Reserves of Natural Gas, 2008
- Environmental Impact
- Nuclear
- Fuel Conversion
- Electricity Generation and Sustainability
- Table 4-3: World Electricity Generated from Nuclear, 2008
- Environmental Impact
- Hydroelectric
- Electricity Generation and Sustainability
- Table 4-4: World Electricity Generated from Hydroelectric, 2008
- Environmental Impact
- Wind
- Electricity Generation and Sustainability
- Table 4-5: World Electricity Generated from Wind, 2008
- Environmental Impact
- Solar
- Electricity Generation and Sustainability
- Table 4-6: World Electricity Generated from Solar, 2008
- Environmental Impact
- Table 4-7: Cost and Sustainability of World Electricity Generation by
Fuel Type, 2008
- Figure 4-2: Coal Power Generation by Regiona, 2009- 2013 (Billion kWh)
- Environmental Impact of Coal
- Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Initiatives
- The Kyoto Protocol
- Figure 4-3: Kyoto Protocol Ratifying Nations
- Table 4-8: Kyoto Protocol Greenhouse Gas Emissions Targets (% change
from 1990 level)
- European Union Emissions Trading System
- Keidanren Voluntary Action Plan
- New South Wales Greenhouse Gas Abatement Scheme
- Greenhouse Gas Reduction Initiatives in the United States
- California Global Warming Solutions Act
- Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative
- Western Climate Initiative
- Public Perception and Policy Debate in the United States
- Proponents of Coal
- Opponents of Coal
- Current Status of United States Policy on Clean Coal
- Clean Coal Outlook and Winning Technologies
- China
- United States
- India
- Japan
- Europe
- Australia
- South Africa
- Relative Performance and Cost of Clean Coal Technologies
- Figure 4-4: Relative Total Capital Requirements for Clean Coal
Technologies (Dollars per kilowatt capacity)
- Figure 4-5: Relative Levelized Cost of Electricity for Clean Coal
Technologies (Cents per kilowatt hour)
- Clean Coal Forecast
- Figure 4-6: Global Clean Coal Technology Electricity Volume and Value,
2009-2013 (Volume in Terawatt hour; Value in $ M)
- Figure 4-7: Clean Coal Electricity Generation by Technology, 2009-2013
(Terawatt hours)
- Carbon Capture and Storage - Outlook
- European Union Investment in Carbon Capture and Sequestration
- Table 4-9: Carbon Capture and Sequestration Funding in the European
Union, 2008
- Australian Investment in Clean Coal Technologies
Chapter 5: Participant Profiles
- Overview
- Table 5-1: Description of Companies Profiled
- Alstom
- Table 5-2: Alstom Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- American Electric Power
- Table 5-3: American Electric Power Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- BP
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Company News
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- Citigroup
- Table 5-5: Citigroup Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- ConocoPhillips
- Table 5-6: ConocoPhillips Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- Duke Energy
- Table 5-7: Duke Energy Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- Foster Wheeler, Incorporated
- Table 5-8: Foster Wheeler, Incorporated Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Company News
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- General Electric
- Table 5-9: General Electric Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- Merrill Lynch
- Table 5-10: Merrill Lynch Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- Morgan Stanley
- Table 5-11: Morgan Stanley Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Table 5-12: Morgan Stanley Product Mix, Pre and Post Smith Barney Merger,
2008 and 2008 pro forma (percent)
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- Praxair, Incorporated
- Table 5-13: Praxair, Incorporated Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Company News
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- Royal Dutch Shell
- Table 5-14: Royal Dutch Shell Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- Siemens
- Table 5-15: Siemens Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
- Tampa Electric Company
- Table 5-16: Tampa Electric Company Profile
- Corporate Background
- Product and Brand Portfolio
- Table 5-17: Tampa Electric Power Plants, 2009
- Performance
- Acquisitions and Divestitures
- Innovation
- Outlook
- Personnel Changes
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