全球的稀土元素市場 是由出版商Specialist in Business Information在2011年06月所出版的。
這份英文市場調查報告書包含172 Pages 價格從美金4950起跳。
與名字相反，稀土並非如此稀有。在全球蘊藏豐富，比錫還一般，幾乎與銅相同程度的資源。美國至1985年為止，為全球REE的最大產出國，不過，現在中國卻成為主要的供給來源。中國算出佔了全球稀土的97%。由於僅能從此1國獲得供給，因此產生供給和出貨限制、禁止輸出、環境問題、價格高漲等問題。
本報告，詳細分析稀土元素（REE）的生產、需求、市場、發展、應用、動向等，並彙整針對輕量化、強度、效率化、使用容易度等各種技術發展的應用動向，由下列摘要形式闡述。
第1章 報告摘要
第2章 市場的定義
- 範圍
- 稀土元素
- 稀土元素的歷史
- 稀土元素：並非如此稀有
- 稀土元素的生產
- 主要的REE蘊藏物
- 稀土元素的用途
- 稀土元素的加工
- 摘要
第3章 市場規模與成長
- 範圍
- 市場的不穩定
- 市場規模
- 稀土的進出口
- 稀土成長因子
- 阻礙稀土成長的因子
- 開發費用
- 環境問題
- 專業性的不足
- 稀土元素混合
- 地點
- 稀土價格
- 代用材料
- 戰略儲備
- 天災
- 2011∼2020年的市場成長
- 摘要
第4章 新興的發展
- 範圍
- 新稀土的的探勘開發
- 格林蘭島
- 加拿大
- 非洲
- 南非
- 澳洲
- 俄羅斯・中亞
- 美國
- 其他
- 礦井開發階段
- 業界受到整合的稀土供應鏈
- 稀土的替代物
- 磁性冷凍
- 國土防衛
- 政府的活動
- 環境問題的最小化
- 摘要
第5章 競爭檔案資料
- 範圍
- Molycorp, Inc
- Lynas Corporation Ltd
- Great Western Minerals Group Ltd
- Arafura Resources Ltd
- Avalon Rare Metals Inc
- Greenland Minerals and Energy Ltd
- Frontier Rare Earths Ltd
- U.S Rare Earth, Inc
- Stans Energy Corporation
Abstract
This research report presents an in-depth analysis of the production, market,
development, applications, and trends for rare earth elements (REE). The 17
different rare earth elements are used extensively in a wide variety of
applications to make technologies lighter, stronger, more efficient, and
easier to use. Product applications run the gamut from the very technical to
the mundane. For example, REEs are used to make super strong permanent magnets
that increase the efficiency of wind generators while significantly reducing
their weight. They are used extensively in electric vehicles to increase
battery capacity and reduce weight (and they are also essential in producing
catalytic converters for gasoline powered automobiles). REEs are used in
medicine for small, portable X-ray devices as well as lasers that can treat
glaucoma and other conditions. In some instances REE directly treat some forms
of cancer. They make the phosphors that give color to television sets and LED
lighting as well as flints for cigarette lighters. These are but a few of the
many current uses of rare earth elements and new applications are being
developed on a routine basis, such as for the treatment of water and for
magnetic refrigeration.
Contrary to their name, rare earth elements are no so rare. They are found in
abundance worldwide and are more common than tin in some cases and almost as
abundant as copper. All rare earth elements are far more abundant that silver
or gold. However, to date only a relatively few deposits have been found with
sufficient REE concentrations to make mining them economical. The United
States produced most of the world' s REE up until about 1985, at which time
China began to become a major supplier. Today, China produces about 97% of the
world' s rare earths. Problems stemming from this (virtually) single source
include supply constraints, reduced shipments and outright embargos,
environmental problems, and rising prices. Since the 1950' s there was very
little exploration for new REE sources (except in China) but many countries
and mine operators are now actively seeking new REE deposits and developing
existing ones.
This report provides a comprehensive assessment of rare earth element
production, demand, applications, and economic and cost considerations that
have limited production and exploration for new sources, their growth over the
past several years, potential opportunities for additional growth, and an
assessment of developing technologies, alternatives, and market trends.
Projected REE growth through 2020 is provided including discussion of economic
conditions, environmental impacts, business demand, stakeholder concerns, and
government activities as they affect growth rates. The report also profiles
producers of rare earths and the strategies they have adopted to maximize
growth and profitability.
Scope and Methodology
This report includes both primary and secondary research. Secondary research
data have been obtained from government sources, trade association
publications, business journals, and company literature. Statistical data are
included for industry revenue, on a global, regional, and country-level scale.
The market size for rare earths is projected from 2011 to 2020.
Potential applications, development trends, environmental issues, government
behavior, and business considerations are also reviewed and analyzed. Market
size estimates and forecasts are based on government and secondary sources,
and the impact of factors such as health and environmental concerns, economic
considerations, and business demand for rare earth oxides and metals.
How You Will Benefit from this Report
If you drive a car, invest in energy (alternative or otherwise), design
electronic systems, work in healthcare, manufacture lighting systems, play
sports, or analyze satellite photography you are affected by rare earth
elements. Their use in myriad everyday products affects virtually everyone to
one degree or another. The quest for alternative energy systems, particularly
wind generation systems and battery storage, are highly dependent upon the use
REEs. Space technology, defense systems, computer memory, DVD players, and
other advanced electronics are also reliant on REEs. Whether you are a
manufacturer trying to plan future production requirements, an electric
utility or independent power generator planning for the use of alternative
energy and the Smart Grid, an importer, exporter, or retailer of consumer
electronics, or a small business that could be impacted by the supply and use
of rare earth elements, this report provides a comprehensive package of
information and insight about rare earth element production, supply, and
future growth that are not offered in any other single source. You will gain a
thorough understanding of why rare earths are necessary, what technologies are
most affected by their use, and how to make sense of a market dominated by a
single source but looking to diversify at a breathtaking rate. You will also
gain a thorough understanding of technology trends, particularly as they apply
to alternatives to REE. Projected rare earth market growth through 2020 is
also presented.
This report will help:
- Research and Development Professionals remain abreast of emerging REE
concerns, exploration initiatives, product applications, and the demand and
development of REE alternatives.
- Manufacturing production planners, alternative energy producers, and users
of REEs understand where the REE market is headed, potential supply problems,
political and geo-regional issues, and anticipated future REE costs. This
report will provide an awareness of the REE market to help users react
effectively to projected future market conditions by seeking alternative REE
sources, modifying production processes and product composition, and
projecting future requirements.
- Advertising Agencies working with clients who manufacture products with
REE, import or export products containing REE, or sell products using REEs to
more effectively promote, inform, and market such products when faced with
limited REE supplies and rising costs.
- Retailers who sell consumer electronics, computer systems, sporting
equipment, and other durable goods understand the potential effects on
consumer demand should REE supply become problematic or if prices continue to
increase.
- Information and Research Center Librarians provide market researchers,
brand and product managers, and other colleagues with the vital information
they need to do their jobs more effectively.
- Marketing Managers identify market opportunities and develop targeted
promotion plans for products made with REEs.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 - Executive Summary
- Scope
- Research Methodology
- The Rare Earth Elements
- Figure 1-1: The Period Table and the Elements
- Table 1-2: Light and Heavy Rare Earth Elements
- Global REE Deposits
- Figure 1-3: World Rare Earth Element Reserves by Country
- Rare Earth Element Applications
- The Rare Earth Market Today
- Table 1-4: Rare Earth Element Energy Applications
- Figure 1-5: Rare Earth Prices - Selected Light Rare Earth Elements
(LREE), August 2010-February 2011 ($/kg - REO equivalent)
- Figure 1-6: Rare Earth Prices - REEs Used in Neodymium-Iron-Boron
Magnets February 2009-February 2011 ($/kg - REO equivalent)
- Figure 1-7: Chinese Rare Earth Quotas and Price Effects Metric Tons of
REE, $/kg REO Equivalents (2005-2010)
- Market Demand
- Figure 1-8: Rare Earth Market Size, 2005-20010 ($ billions)
- Figure 1-9: Rare Earth Uses, 2010
- Figure 1-10: Rare Earth Demand, 2011-2020
- Figure 1-11: Rare Earth Production, 1956-2008
- Market Supply
- Table 1-1: Potential Non-China Rare Earth Operations, 2011-2020
- Figure 1-12: Non-China Rare Earth Production, 2011-2020
- Figure 1-13: Rare Earth Element Production, 2011-2020 (thousands of
metric tons)
- Market Size
- Figure 1-14: Rare Earth Market and Global Rare Earth Production,
2011-2020 ($ billions, thousands of metric tons)
- Market Considerations
- Rare Earth Growth Factors
- Rare Earth Growth Inhibitors
- Summary
Chapter 2 - Market Definition
- Scope
- Rare Earth Elements
- Figure 2-1: The Period Table and the Rare Earth Elements
- Rare Earth Element History
- Rare Earth Elements - Not So Rare
- Figure 2-2: Abundance of Rare Earth Elements in the Earth' s Crust
- Figure 2-3: Rare Earth Element Occurrence in the Earth' s Crust (parts
per million - ppm)
- Rare Earth Element Production
- Figure 2-4: Global Production of Rare Earth Oxides
- Table 2-1: REE Mine Production and Known Reserves by Country, 2009-2010
(tons)
- Principal REE Deposits
- Figure 2-5: World Rare Earth Element Reserves by Country
- Rare Earth-Bearing Minerals
- Table 2-3: Rare Earth Element Concentration in Mineral Sources Principal
Mine Locations (percent)
- Principal REE Deposits - China
- Figure 2-6: Rare Earth Mines - China
- Principal REE Deposits - United States
- Table 2-4: Principal Rare Earth Deposits, United States
- Figure 2-7: Principal Rare Earth Deposits, United States
- Principal REE Deposits - Russia
- Table 2-5: Principal Rare Earth Deposits, Other Countries
- Principal REE Deposits - India
- Principal REE Deposits - Other Countries
- Common Properties of Rare Earth Elements
- Light and Heavy Rare Earth Elements
- Table 2-6: Rare Earth Element Properties
- Table 2-7: Light and Heavy Rare Earth Elements
- Rare Earth Element Applications
- Table 2-8: Selected Rare Earth Element Applications
- Rare Earth Applications in Alternative Energy Systems
- Table 2-9: Rare Earth Element Use in Alternative Energy Systems
- Rare Earth Element Processing
- Figure 2-8: Rare Earth Mining Process
- Summary
Chapter 3 - Market Size and Growth
- Scope
- Market Volatility
- Figure 3-1: Rare Earth Prices - Selected Minerals, 2005-2009 ($/kg REO
equivalent)
- Chinese Rare Earth Quotas
- Figure 3-2: Chinese Rare Earth Quotas and Price Effects Metric Tons of
REE, $/kg REO Equivalents, (2005-2010)
- China-Japan Tensions
- Soaring Rare Earth Prices
- Figure 3-3: Rare Earth Prices - Selected Light Rare Earth Elements
(LREE), 2005-2010 ($/kg - REO equivalent)
- Figure 3-4: Rare Earth Prices - Selected Heavy Rare Earth Elements
(HREE), 2005-2010 ($/kg - REO equivalents)
- Market Size
- Figure 3-5: Rare Earth Production, 2005-2010 (metric tons)
- Figure 3-6: Rare Earth Market Size, 2005-2010 ($ billions)
- Market Demand
- Figure 3-7: Rare Earth Demand, 2005-2010 (metric tons)
- Figure 3-8: REE Usage by Country, 2008 (% of REE use by category within
a country)
- Figure 3-9: REE Usage by Category2008 (% of REEs used by countries
within a category)
- Rare Earth Exports/Imports
- Figure 3-10: Rare Earth Imports - United States and Japan, 2005-2010
(metric tons Rare Earth Oxide-equivalent)
- Figure 3-11: Rare Earth Exports - United states and Japan, 2005-2010
(metric tons Rare Earth Oxide-equivalent)
- Rare Earth Growth Factors
- Figure 3-12: Rare Earth Uses, 2010
- Technology
- Figure 3-13: Magnet Strengths, (MGO)
- Chinese Demand
- Defense Systems
- Japanese Demand
- Recycling
- Factors Inhibiting Rare Earth Growth
- Development Costs
- Environmental Issues
- Lack of Expertise
- Rare Earth Element Mix
- Table 3-1: Selected Heavy Rare Earth Element (HREE) Sources
- Location
- Rare Earth Prices
- Substitute Materials
- Strategic Reserves
- Acts of God
- Market Growth 2011 to 2020
- Rare Earth Element Demand
- Figure 3-14: Light Rare Earth Demand, 2011-2020 (thousands of metric
tons)
- Figure 3-15: Heavy Rare Earth Demand, 2011-2020 (thousands of metric
tons)
- Rare Earth Magnets - The Dysprosium Problem
- Figure 3-16: Dysprosium Demand vs Production, 2011 - 2020 (metric tons)
- Rare Earth Element Production
- Figure 3-17: Rare Earth Element Production, 2011-2020 (thousands of
metric tons)
- Market Size
- Figure 3-18: Global Rare Earth Production (less China), 2011-2020
(thousands of metric tons)
- Figure 3-19: Rare Earth Market and Global Rare Earth Production,
2011-2020 ($ billions, thousands of metric tons)
- Summary
Chapter 4 - Emerging Rare Earth Developments
- Scope
- New Rare Earth Exploration and Development
- Greenland
- Table 4-1: Kvanefjeld, Greenland Rare Earth Element Concentrations
- Canada
- Table 4-2: Hoidas Lake and Nechalacho Rare Earth Deposits, Canada
- Africa
- South Africa
- Australia
- Russia and Central Asia
- United States
- Other Countries
- Mine Development Phases
- Vertically Integrated Rare Earth Supply Chains
- Table 4-3: Level of Development - Selected Potential Rare Earth Mines
- Rare Earth Alternatives
- Magnets
- Electric Vehicles
- Japan
- Magnetic Refrigeration
- National Defense Considerations
- Table 4-4: Rare Earth Uses in Military Defense Systems
- Government Activities
- Japan
- South Korea
- South Africa
- European Union
- United States
- Minimizing Environmental Concerns
- Radioactive Wastes
- More Efficient Extraction Methods
- Summary
Chapter 5 - Competitive Profiles
- Scope
- Molycorp, Inc.
- Agreements and Partnerships
- Patents, Trademarks and Licenses
- Mine Development
- Company Performance
- Table 5-1: Molycorp Company Information
- Products
- Significant Events
- Lynas Corporation Ltd.
- Agreements and Partnerships
- Mine Development
- Company Performance
- Table 5-2: Lynas Company Information
- Significant Events
- Great Western Minerals Group Ltd.
- Agreements and Partnerships
- Mine Development
- Company Performance
- Table 5-3: Great Western Company Information
- Arafura Resources Ltd.
- Agreements and Partnerships
- Mine Development
- Company Performance
- Table 5-4: Arafura Company Information
- Significant Events
- Avalon Rare Metals Inc.
- Mine Development
- Company Performance
- Table 5-5: Avalon Company Information
- Significant Events
- Greenland Minerals and Energy Ltd.
- Mine Development
- Company Performance
- Table 5-6: Greenland Minerals and Energy Company Information
- Frontier Rare Earths Ltd.
- Prospecting Right
- Mine Development
- Company Performance
- Table 5-7: Frontier Company Information
- U.S Rare Earths, Inc.
- Mine Development
- Table 5-8: Rare Earth Resource Estimates - Diamond Creek & Lemhi Pass,
(Metric Tons - Rare Earth Oxide)
- Company Performance
- Table 5-9: U.S. Rare Earths Company Information
- Special Events
- Stans Energy Corporation
- Agreements and Partnerships
- Mine Development
- Company Performance
- Table 5-10: Stans Energy Company Information
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