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市場調查報告書
釩：全球市場與展望（第12版・2010年）
Vanadium: Global industry markets and outlook, 12th edition 2010
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釩：全球市場與展望（第12版・2010年） 是由出版商Roskill Information Services, Ltd.在2010年07月所出版的。
這份英文市場調查報告書價格從美金5000起跳。
本報告，針對全球的釩產業以及市場的現狀與展望進行調查分析，並彙整釩的資源・開採・加工・製造的動向、至2015年的需求展望、全球主要國家的資源・製造量・主要企業的行動、應用別市場的動向、國際貿易的動向等，由下列摘要形式闡述。
第1章 摘要
第2章 釩：簡介
第3章 釩的蘊藏量・資源
第4章 釩的開採與加工
- 釩原材料的生產
- 從釩原材料至釩的加工
- 轉換至鐵合金
- 釩的製造成本
第5章 全球的釩生產
- 製造產能
- 中國・俄羅斯在釩供給上角色的增大
- 新製造・製造擴張
第6章 全球的釩消費
第7章 釩的供需展望：∼2015年
第8章 釩的價格實績・預測
第9章 釩的資源以及製造檢視：國家別（主要的35國）
第10章 釩在鋼鐵上的使用
- 釩在鋼鐵上使用的比率
- 鋼鐵的高強度化
- 在高強度低鐵合金（HSLA）上的使用
- 全鐵合金上的使用
第11章 釩在非鐵合金上的使用
- 鈦合金
- 超合金
- 磁性合金
- 其他
- 非鐵合金用的釩的需求動向
第12章 釩在化學品上的使用
- 觸媒
- 電池
- 防腐劑
- 醫藥品
- 染劑
- 螢光體
- 玻璃・陶瓷
- 化成皮膜
- 化學品用的釩的未來需求動向
第13章 釩的國際貿易
圖表
Abstract
Vanadium prices have shown a high degree of volatility over the last 20 years.
However, in the economic downturn in 2009, the price did not fall to the lows
experienced between 1998 and 2003. In a prompt response to economic
conditions, many producers cut output and limited the fall in price. The
recovery in prices for ferrovanadium stalled in mid 2010, but in the longer
term prices are forecast to rise, reaching US$75/kg by 2015.
Over the last decade, China has become both the main producer and main
consumer of vanadium. In terms of supply, it now accounts for almost 50% of
the global total and planned expansion over the next two years will
consolidate this position. Chinese demand for vanadium grew at 13%pa between
2003 and 2009 in line with its burgeoning steel output. Countries with mature
economies have a much higher intensity of use of vanadium in steels than
industrialising countries; in 2008, intensity of use in the USA was more than
three times as great as that in China. Over the next decade one of the main
drivers for growth in vanadium demand will be a combination of strong growth
in steel output in BRIC countries and an increasing emphasis in these
countries on production of high strength low alloy steels with their higher
vanadium content.
World production of vanadium grew by more than 7%pa from 2003 to 2008.
Initially, production increases were met by taking up spare capacity at
existing operations but from 2006, capacity had to be increased to meet
demand. Most of this expansion, however, was also at existing mines and
plants, most notably in China. In the next few years additional supply could
come from re-opening the mine and plant at Windimurra, a new mine and plant in
Brazil, further expansion of slag output in Sichuan as well as an increase in
by-product output from uranium processing in the USA and South Africa.
Get accurate answers from independent experts
- Where are the main commercially exploited vanadium resources?
- What percentage of vanadium supply is derived from ashes and residues?
- How vulnerable is ferrovanadium to substitution by ferroniobium in HSLA
steels?
- What impact is the development of the vanadium redox battery likely to
have on future demand?
- How has the US anti-dumping action on ferrovanadium affected world trade
in vanadium products?
- How will vanadium prices react if some of the proposed new capacity fails
to come on line?
This report gives you a full analysis of the key trends, issues and
developments in the market, a clear insight into all areas of the industry and
an authoritative analysis of its prospects.
Report Statistics
- Published: 26/07/2010
- Pages: 203
- Tables: 104
- Figures: 56
Table of Contents
Expanding the worlds knowledge of metals and minerals markets: Independent,
approachable, expert, Vanadium industry report from Roskill. This market study
provides data on vanadium processing, refining, production, consumption,
end-use, exports, imports and prices. For mining companies, traders,
government organisations.
1. Summary
2. Introduction to vanadium
- 2.1. Chemical and physical properties of vanadium
3. Vanadium sources and resources
- 3.1. Occurrence of vanadium
- 3.2. Commercial sources of vanadium
- 3.3. World resources
4. Mining and processing of vanadium
- 4.1. Production of vanadium raw materials
- 4.1.1. Primary - mineral concentrates
- 4.1.2. Co-product - slags
- 4.1.3. Secondary - residues and spent catalysts
- 4.1.4. Other sources
- 4.2. Processing of vanadium raw materials into vanadium
- 4.3. Conversion into ferroalloy products
- 4.4. Production costs for vanadium
5. World production of vanadium
- 5.1. Production capacity
- 5.2. The increasing role of China and Russia in vanadium supply
- 5.3. New production and expansions in production
6. World consumption of vanadium
- 6.1. Substitution
- 6.2. Consumption of vanadium by region
7. Outlook for vanadium supply and demand to 2015
- 7.1. Vanadium demand outlook
- 7.2. Vanadium supply outlook
- 7.3. Forecast supply and demand balance
8. Historical and forecast price trends for vanadium
- 8.1. How vanadium is priced
- 8.2. Historical price trends for vanadium
- 8.3. Outlook for vanadium prices
9. Review of vanadium resources and production by country
- 9.1. Australia
- 9.1.1. Potential producers of vanadium in Australia
- 9.1.1.1. Balla Balla (Aurox Resources)
- 9.1.1.2. Barrambie (Reed Resources)
- 9.1.1.3. Gabinintha (Yellow Rock Resources)
- 9.1.1.4. Windimurra (Windimurra Vanadium)
- 9.1.1.5. Other
- 9.2. Austria
- 9.2.1. Treibacher Industrie
- 9.2.2. Hochvanadium Holding
- 9.3. Belgium
- 9.4. Brazil
- 9.4.1. Potential production
- 9.4.1.1. Maracas (Largo Resources)
- 9.5. Burundi
- 9.6. Canada
- 9.6.1. Gulf Chemical and Metallurgical
- 9.6.2. Metallurg Vanadium
- 9.6.3. Masterloy Products
- 9.6.4. Potential producers of vanadium in Canada
- 9.6.4.1. Apella Resources Inc.
- 9.6.4.2. Gossan Resources
- 9.6.4.3. Argex Silver Capital Inc.
- 9.6.4.4. Norant Resources
- 9.7. Chile
- 9.7.1. El Romeral
- 9.7.2. Ironsands
- 9.8. China
- 9.8.1. Vanadium resources in China
- 9.8.2. Producers of vanadium in China
- 9.8.3. Profiles of leading Chinese producers of vanadium products
- 9.8.3.1. Beihai Special Ferroalloy Group
- 9.8.3.2. Caixin Ferroalloy Plant
- 9.8.3.3. Chengde Xin Xin Vanadium and Titanium Co.
- 9.8.3.4. Chongyang Vanadium Iron Plant
- 9.8.3.5. Chuantou Emei Ferroalloy Plant
- 9.8.3.6. Dalian Galaxy Metal Material Co.
- 9.8.3.7. Dekun Vanadium Plant
- 9.8.3.8. Dunhuang Jindi Vanadium Co.
- 9.8.3.9. Fuzhou Fuyuan Nonferrous Metal Products Co.
- 9.8.3.10. Gansu Winshine Vanadium
- 9.8.3.11. Hangten
- 9.8.3.12. Hengyang Chenhui Chemical Co.
- 9.8.3.13. Hongda Vanadium Co.
- 9.8.3.14. Huiyou Vanadium
- 9.8.3.15. Huludao Hong Jing Environment Co.
- 9.8.3.16. Jinzhou Kohsei Daye "Everbright" Ferroalloy
- 9.8.3.17. CITIC Jinzhou Ferroalloy
- 9.8.3.18. Liaoning Chenguang Ferroalloy
- 9.8.3.19. Liyuan Vanadium Plant
- 9.8.3.20. Miyi Xingchen Vanadium and Titanium Alloys Co.
- 9.8.3.21. M.S. Resources
- 9.8.3.22. Nanyang Mengling Vanadium Processing Plant
- 9.8.3.23. Panzhihua
- 9.8.3.24. Panzhihua Jinjiang Metallurgical Chemical Plant
- 9.8.3.25. Panzhihua Hongsha Vanadium
- 9.8.3.26. SF Vanadium
- 9.8.3.27. Shaanxi Wuzhou Mining Co.
- 9.8.3.28. Shanghai Jiuling Smelting Co.
- 9.8.3.29. Shengchuan Vanadium
- 9.8.3.30. Shuangfeng Vanadium Co.mpany
- 9.8.3.31. Sichuan Guanghan Jin Mu Vanadium
- 9.8.3.32. Sichuan Zhuoye Vanadium
- 9.8.3.33. Sino Vanadium
- 9.8.3.34. Tongren Vanadium
- 9.8.3.35. Winshine Metallurgy Chemicals Co.
- 9.8.3.36. Wuhu Renben Alloy Co.
- 9.8.3.37. Xichang New Vanadium and Titanium Co.
- 9.8.3.38. Yaolinghe Vanadium
- 9.8.3.39. Yuxi Pengcheng Chemical and Smelting Co.
- 9.8.3.40. Zhuyu Vanadium and Titanium
- 9.8.4. Chinese trade in vanadium
- 9.8.5. Chinese consumption of vanadium
- 9.8.6. Chinese government policies affecting the development of
the vanadium industry
- 9.9. Czech Republic
- 9.10. Ecuador
- 9.11. Finland
- 9.12. France
- 9.13. Germany
- 9.13.1. GfE Metalle und Materialien (GfE)
- 9.13.2. Nickelhutte Aue
- 9.14. India
- 9.14.1. Production in India
- 9.14.1.1. Catalyst India
- 9.14.1.2. Essel Mining
- 9.14.1.3. Premier Alloys and Chemicals
- 9.14.1.4. RR Ferroalloys
- 9.15. Japan
- 9.15.1. Kashima Kita Electric Power Corp.
- 9.15.2. Metal Technology
- 9.15.3. New Chemical Industries
- 9.15.4. Nippon Denko
- 9.15.5. Shinko Chemical
- 9.15.6. Taiyo Koko
- 9.16. Kazakhstan
- 9.17. South Korea
- 9.17.1. Korvan
- 9.17.2. Woojin
- 9.17.3. Trade in vanadium pentoxide and ferrovanadium
- 9.18. Madagascar
- 9.19. Mexico
- 9.2. Namibia
- 9.21. Netherlands
- 9.22. New Zealand
- 9.22.1. BHP New Zealand Steel
- 9.23. Poland
- 9.24. Russia
- 9.24.1. Reserves of vanadium in Russia
- 9.24.2. Production of vanadium raw materials in Russia
- 9.24.3. Production of vanadium products in Russia
- 9.24.4. Leading producers of vanadium raw materials and products
- 9.24.4.1. Evraz Group
- 9.24.4.2. JSC Pevouralsk
- 9.24.4.3. JSC Volkovsky Rudnik
- 9.24.4.4. JSC Chusovoy
- 9.24.4.5. JSC Uralredmet
- 9.24.5. Potential sources of vanadium raw materials in Russia
- 9.25. Somalia
- 9.26. South Africa
- 9.26.1. Reserves of vanadium in South Africa
- 9.26.2. Production of vanadium slag in South Africa
- 9.26.3. Leading producers of vanadium
- 9.26.3.1. Evraz Highveld Steel and Vanadium
- 9.26.3.2. Vanchem Vanadium Products
- 9.26.3.3. Xstrata Alloys (Rhovan)
- 9.26.3.4. South Africa Japan Vanadium (SAJV)
- 9.27. Swaziland
- 9.28. Sweden
- 9.29. Taiwan
- 9.3. Tajikistan
- 9.31. Tanzania
- 9.32. Ukraine
- 9.32.1. JSC Mariupol Metallurgical Complex
- 9.33. USA
- 9.33.1. Reserves of vanadium in the USA
- 9.33.2. Producers of vanadium in the USA
- 9.33.2.1. Denison Mines
- 9.33.2.2. Strategic Minerals Corporation (Stratcor?)
- 9.33.2.3. Gulf Chemical and Metallurgical Corp. and Bear
Metallurgical
- 9.33.2.4. Metallurg Vanadium
- 9.33.2.5. Reading Alloys Inc.
- 9.33.2.6. International Specialty Alloys (ISA)
- 9.34. Venezuela
- 9.34.1. Bitor
- 9.34.2. Lagoven
- 9.35. Zimbabwe
10. Use of vanadium in steel
- 10.1. Distribution of vanadium use in steel
- 10.2. Strengthening mechanisms for steel
- 10.3. Use of vanadium in high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels
- 10.3.1. Markets for HSLA steels
- 10.3.1.1. Oil and gas industry
- 10.3.1.2. Transport industry
- 10.3.1.3. Pressure vessels
- 10.3.1.4. Reinforcing bars
- 10.3.1.5. Structural applications
- 10.3.1.6. Outlook for use of vanadium in high-strength steels
- 10.4. Use of vanadium in full alloy steels
- 10.4.1. Types of full alloy steel
11. Use of vanadium in non-ferrous alloys
- 11.1. Use of vanadium in titanium alloys
- 11.2. Use of vanadium in superalloys
- 11.3. Use of vanadium in magnetic alloys
- 11.4. Use of vanadium in other non-ferrous alloys
- 11.5. Trends in demand for vanadium in non-ferrous alloys
12. Use of vanadium in chemical applications
- 12.1. Use of vanadium in catalysts
- 12.1.1. Sulphuric acid production
- 12.1.2. Catalysts for Monomer production
- 12.1.3. Synthetic rubber production
- 12.1.4. Flue gas desulphurisation and denitrification
- 12.1.5. Hydrogen sulphide removal
- 12.1.6. Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) catalysts
- 12.1.7. Other catalytic uses
- 12.2. Use of vanadium in batteries
- 12.2.1. Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRB)
- 12.2.2. Producers of vanadium redox batteries
- 12.2.3. Lithium-metal polymer (LMP) batteries
- 12.3. Use of vanadium in corrosion inhibitors
- 12.4. Use of vanadium in medicine and pharmaceuticals
- 12.5. Use of vanadium in dyes
- 12.6. Use of vanadium in phosphors
- 12.7. Use of vanadium in glass and ceramics
- 12.8. Use of vanadium in conversion coatings
- 12.9. Future trends in demand for vanadium in chemical applications
13. International trade in vanadium
- 13.1. Trade in vanadium ash, residues and slag
- 13.2. Trade in vanadium pentoxide
- 13.3. Trade in ferrovanadium
Tables Listing
- 1. Properties of vanadium
- 2. World: Vanadium resources, 2009
- 3. World: Vanadium Production, 2003 to 2009
- 4. World: Leading producers of vanadium
- 5. World: Vanadium consumption by region, 2003 to 2009
- 6. World: Crude steel production, 2000-2009
- 7. World: Forecast vanadium demand, 2009 to 2015
- 8. World: Forecast vanadium supply, 2009 to 2015
- 9. Forecast vanadium production and consumption, 2009 to 2015
- 10. Europe: V2O5 98%: Monthly average prices 1997 to 2010
- 11. V2O5 98%: USA free market prices, 1993 to 2010
- 12. Ferrovanadium 70-80%: Europe: monthly average prices, major
European destinations, 1997 to 2010
- 13. USA: Ferrovanadium 70-80%, month end free market prices,
Pittsburgh warehouse, 1997 to 2010
- 14. Forecast vanadium prices, 2009 to 2015
- 15. Resource estimate: Balla Balla deposit
- 16. Ore reserves: Balla Balla deposit
- 17. Resource estimate: Windimurra deposit, 2008
- 18. Austria: Recorded imports of FeV by partner countries, 2005 to
2009
- 19. Distribution of vanadiferous titanomagnetite resources in the
West Panzhihua region of Sichuan, 2007
- 20. China: Producers of vanadium, 2009
- 21. China: Chengde Xin Xin vanadium production, 2006 to 2008
- 22. Chengde Xin Xin: Vanadium product range
- 23. Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium: Production capacity for
vanadium, 2008
- 24. Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium: Production of vanadium, 1999
to 2009
- 25. Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium: Specifications for vanadium
pentoxide
- 26. Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium: Specifications for
ferrovanadium
- 27. Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium: Specifications for nitrided
vanadium
- 28. China: Trade in vanadium, 1998 to 2009
- 29. Nikom: Production of ferrovanadium, 2000 to 2008
- 30. Metaux Speciaux: Specifications for vanadium catalysts
- 31. GfE Metalle und Materialien: Vanadium product range
- 32. India: Reserves of vanadium by state
- 33. India: Production of ferrovanadium, 2003/4 to 2007/8
- 34. Japan: Production of ferro-vanadium, 1998 to 2004
- 35. Japan: Imports of vanadium products, 2002 to 2009
- 36. Shinko Chemical: Vanadium product range
- 37. Kazakhstan: Exports of vanadium pentoxide 1998 to 2008
- 38. Woojin Industry Corporation: Specifications for ferrovanadium
- 39. Russia: Vanadium production, 2003 to 2009
- 40. Russia: Deposits of vanadium
- 41. Russia: Production of vanadium-bearing ores and concentrates by
producer, 1998 to 2008
- 42. Russia: Production of vanadium pentoxide by producer, 1998 to
2008
- 43. Russia: Production of ferro-vanadium by producer, 1998 to 2008
- 44. Russia: Production and exports of vanadium pentoxide and
ferro-vanadium, 1998 to 2008
- 45. Russia: Specifications for ferro-vanadium
- 46. Evraz: Production of vanadium, 2008 and 2009
- 47. Evraz: Worldwide vanadium interests, 2008
- 48. NTMK: Production of vanadium slag, 2001 to 2008
- 49. Vanady Tula: Exports of vanadium pentoxide by country of
destination, 2000 to 2008
- 50. Vanady Tula: Exports of ferrovanadium by country of
destination, 2000 to 2008
- 51. Chusovoy: Exports of ferrovanadium by country of destination,
2000 to 2008
- 52. JSC Uralredmet: Imports of vanadium pentoxide by country of
origin, 2000 to 2008
- 53. South Africa: Vanadium Production, 2003 to 2009
- 54. South Africa: Highveld, production of vanadium slag, 2006 to
2009
- 55. South Africa: Vanchem: Vanadium production, 2000 to 2009
- 56. South Africa: Rhovan: Production of vanadium, 2001 to 2009
- 57. Rhovan: Ba Magopa Mine, reserves of vanadium, year-end 2008
- 58. Ukraine: Imports of vanadium, 2002 to 2008
- 59. Ukraine: Leading consumers of ferrovanadium, 2003 to 2008
- 60. USA: Vanadium Production, 2003 to 2009
- 61. USA: Vanadium trade statistics, 2005 to 2009
- 62. USA: Producers of vanadium
- 63. Strategic Minerals: Production capacity for vanadium by
operation, 2008
- 64. Strategic Minerals: Vanadium product range
- 65. Vametco Minerals: Specifications for Nitrovan Vanadium
- 66. World: Estimated intensity of vanadium use, 2003 to 2009
- 67. Principal precipitation hardening mechanisms for steel
- 68. Effects of niobium and vanadium additions on yield strength
- 69. Effects of alloying additions in HSLA steels
- 70. Alloying additions and properties of ASTM grades of HSLA steels
- 71. Typical composition of dual-phase steel
- 72. World: Pipeline construction by type and region, 2002 to 2010
- 73. World: Primary energy demand by fuel, 1980 to 2030
- 74. Applications for HSLA steels in automobiles
- 75. World: Production of cars and light commercial vehicles by
principal country, 2000 to 2009
- 76. Comparison of properties of high-strength and advanced
high-strength steels used in automobiles
- 77. Composition of typical structural steels
- 78. Composition of vanadium-aluminium master alloys produced by
International Specialty Alloys
- 79. Aerospace materials, yield strength
- 80. Properties of TIMETAL vanadium-bearing titanium alloys produced
by TIMET
- 81. Properties of Allvac vanadium-bearing titanium alloys produced
by ATI Allvac
- 82. Composition of magnetic alloys containing vanadium
- 83. Comparison of engine weights
- 84. World: Forecast deliveries of aero engines by producer, 2010 to
2030
- 85. Shinko Chemicals: Applications for vanadium chemicals
- 86. Stratcor: Applications for vanadium chemicals
- 87. Applications for catalysts containing vanadium produced by BASF
- 88. Japan: Consumption of vanadium in catalysts, 2002 to 2009
- 89. China: Production capacity for vanadium catalysts by producer,
2006
- 90. Catalysts for EPDM production produced by Stratcor
- 91. Properties of vanadium catalysts for flue gas purification
- 92. Properties of vanadium redox battery energy storage systems
- 93. Gas absorption processes for carbon dioxide removal
- 94. USA: Imports of ash and residues (except from the manufacture
of iron or steel), containing mainly vanadium, 2006 to 2009
- 95. World: Trade in vanadium oxides and hydroxides, 2004 to 2009
- 96. World: Trade flow of vanadium oxide and hydroxide exports, 2009
- 97. World: Trade flow of vanadium oxide and hydroxide exports, 2008
- 98. World: Trade flow of vanadium oxide and hydroxide imports, 2009
- 99. World: Trade flow of vanadium oxide and hydroxide imports, 2008
- 100. World: Trade in ferrovanadium, 2004 to 2009
- 101. World: Trade flow of ferrovanadium exports, 2009
- 102. World: Trade flow of ferrovanadium exports, 2008
- 103. World: Trade flow of ferrovanadium Imports, 2009
- 104. World: Trade flow of ferrovanadium imports, 2008
Figures Listing
- 1. World: Vanadium consumption and crude steel production, 1992 to
2009
- 2. World: Vanadium production by major producing country, 2003 to
2009
- 3. Major Producer and consumer countries, net export balance, 2003
to 2009
- 4. Ferrovanadium: Europe: monthly average prices, 1997 to 2009
- 5. World: Raw material sources for vanadium production, 2008
- 6. Process flow sheet for vanadium products
- 7. World: Production of Vanadium by source, 2008
- 8. Industry flow sheet for vanadium production
- 9. Vanadium slag production flow sheet, Panzhihua
- 10. Flow sheet for vanadium pentoxide production from vanadiferous
slag and ore in South Africa
- 11. Production flow sheet for secondary production from spent
catalysts
- 12. Flow sheet for vanadium recovery from secondary raw materials
by Shinko Chemical
- 13. Production costs by component, South Africa, 2004
- 14. Production costs for ferrovanadium by component, Australia
(projected), 2009
- 15. World: Estimated Ferrovanadium Unit Cash Cost Curve, 2009
- 16. World: Vanadium production by major producing country, 2003 to
2009
- 17. Industry: Production capacity utilisation, 2003 to 2008
- 18. Year-on-year increases in vanadium production in China and
Russia, 2004 to 2009
- 19. World: Vanadium production, 2003 to 2009
- 20. World: Vanadium consumption and crude steel production, 1992 to
2009
- 21. World: Vanadium Consumption and Crude Steel Production, 2003 to
2009
- 22. World: Vanadium Regional Consumption, 2009
- 23. Major Producer and consumer countries, net export balance, 2003
to 2009
- 24. Vanadium Consumption: Europe, North America, China, 2003 to 2009
- 25. World: Vanadium supply and demand balance, 2003 to 2009
- 26. World: Forecast vanadium consumption, 2009 to 2015
- 27. World: Vanadium demand, supply and market balance forecast,
2009 to 2015
- 28. Ferrovanadium: Annual average price and notional industry
inventory, 1995 to 2008
- 29. Vanadium pentoxide: Europe: monthly average price, 1997 to 2009
- 30. Ferrovanadium: Europe: monthly average prices, 1997 to 2009
- 31. Europe: Pentoxide and Ferrovanadium: monthly average spot
prices, 1997 to 2010
- 32. Comparison of European and Chinese domestic1 quoted prices for
V2O5, 2006 to 2010
- 33. Forecast vanadium prices, 2003 to 2015
- 34. China: Trends in production and consumption of vanadium, 2003
to 2009
- 35. China: Net exports of vanadium pentoxide and ferrovanadium,
1998 to 2009
- 36. China: Exports of vanadium pentoxide, 2000 to 2009
- 37. Exports of vanadium pentoxide, by district, 2008
- 38. China: Exports of ferrovanadium, 2000 to 2009
- 39. China: Exports of ferrovanadium containing >75% vanadium, by
district, 2008
- 40. China: Exports of ferrovanadium containing < 75% vanadium,
by district, 2008
- 41. Czech Republic: Imports of vanadium pentoxide, 2000-2009,
- 42. Japan: Imports of ferrovanadium by country of origin, 2000 to
2009
- 43. South Korea: Imports of vanadium pentoxide, 2000 to 2009
- 44. South Korea: Exports of ferrovanadium, 2000 to 2009
- 45. Vanady Tula: Production of vanadium pentoxide and
ferrovanadium, 1998 to 2008
- 46. Chusovoy: Production of ferrovanadium, 1998 to 2008
- 47. Evraz Highveld Steel and Vanadium: Flow sheet for vanadium slag
- 48. Vanchem: Process flow sheet
- 49. World: Pipeline construction by product, 2000-2010
- 50. World: Comparison of regional output passenger vehicles, 2000
to 2009
- 51. USA: Growth in consumption of advanced high-strength steels in
automobiles, 1995, 2005 and 2015
- 52. World: Deliveries of commercial jet aircraft, 2000 to 2030
- 53. World: New airplane deliveries by size and geographical area,
2009 to 2028
- 54. World: Development of the aircraft fleet by area, 2008 and 2028
- 55. South Africa: Exports of ferrovanadium, 1999 to 2009
- 56. Japan: Imports of ferrovanadium, 1998 to 2009
2015年釩的價格每公斤75美元
2010年08月04日
Global Information, Inc.已開始銷售英國調查公司Roskill Information Services, Ltd.所發行的報告書「Vanadium: Global industry markets and outlook, 12th edition 2010 (釩：全球市場與展望（第12版・2010年）)」
全球市場的釩生產，從2003年到2008年以超過年率7％的步調成長。主要擴大生產的是現有的釩礦山與精煉所，尤其是中國發揮很大的作用。此10年間，中國成為釩主要的消費國，同時亦鞏固其作為主要生產國的地位。從2003年到2009年，中國對釩的需求以年率13％成長。耐人尋味的是該國對釩需求急速擴大，連帶亦造成鋼鐵生產量急劇上升的事實。該調查報告指出，「在經濟成熟的國家，其對鋼鐵生產使用的釩量遠超過發展中國家， 2008年美國1噸粗鋼的釩使用量超過中國的3倍。」。
話雖如此，端看有關供給量的數據可以得知，現在中國佔據幾近全球釩需求的50％。若該國今後2年依計劃提高鋼鐵生產，則釩的需求將更擴大。此外，預測「澳洲的Windimurra Vanadium礦山與精煉所重新開始，巴西新的礦山與精煉所亦開始運作，則中國四川省的礦渣產量將更擴大，美國與南非作為鈾加工副產品而生產的釩量增加，全世界亦有可能增加供給量」。另一方面，BRIC（巴西、俄羅斯、印度、中國）各國順利擴大鋼鐵的生產量，同時將生產重點轉移到釩含有量大之高強度低合金鋼上，成為促進釩市場成長的主要原因。
本書處理的主要主題
- 當釩的生產未如計劃成長時，價格會有何反應
- 一般認為是商業基礎上可能可以開發的主要釩資源所在地在哪裡
- 釩氧化還原反應電池的開發對將來需求有何影響
- 從殘留物和灰獲得的釩占全部供給量的比例為何
- 美國針對釩鐵(Ferro Vanadium)導入防傾銷措施，對釩產品全球的交易有何影響
- 若以高強度低合金鋼方式將釩鐵置換成鈮鐵，強度下降程度如何
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