公共安全通訊的標準規格及感知無線電:針對緊急救援人員的無線電技術及市場評價 是由出版商Practel, Inc.在2008年06月所出版的。
這份英文市場調查報告書價格從美金3900起跳。
Abstract
This report addresses issues that are important to homeland security. It
provides marketing and technology analysis of standard public safety radio
(P25 and TETRA), a necessary component of the security infrastructure. The
report researches a phased radio development, and shows the specifics of each
phase.
Lack of interoperability between two-way radios and other wireless devices
because of incompatibility and limited public spectrum continues to plague
public safety teams. To ensure communications, many law enforcement and even
some military personnel carry two or more wireless devices, including cell
phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), two-way radios and pagers.
Ideally, first responders would carry a multipurpose radio able to work with
any reasonable wireless communications protocol. Even a better choice is an
intelligent device that would determine itself the most reliable
communications channel and take advantage of it, a concept called "cognitive
radio". To date, however, radio interoperability solutions have limited
frequency range and capabilities and are expensive ($1,500 and above).
Federal, State, and local authorities are pursuing short-term interoperability
enablers, such as crossband repeaters and voice over Internet protocol, but no
single communications mode or protocol furnishes a permanent solution.
That is why cognitive radio, with abilities of sensing the spectrum and
self-selection of optimal for each particular situation transmitting
frequencies, selection of transmitting power and even signal type is “an
ultimate” device for achieving interoperability in first responders
communications systems. The report addresses cognitive radio technology
specifics and applications, including also marketing estimates.
P25 and TETRA are two primary standards for public safety communications
systems. They were developed for specific applications for the U.S. and
European safety agencies, respectively. The report analyzes the process of
phased radio technology development, concentrating on comparison TETRA and P25
features. It is also addressing phase III of these standards evolving, so
called project MESA, which suppose to bring two standards together and is in
the development by major U.S. and Europe standard organizations.
It is still premature to judge project MESA methods of achieving
interoperability in public safety communications. At the same time, it is
obvious that cognitive radio can satisfy requirements even the most demanding
users, seamlessly connecting various technologies and spectrums. Though it
does not mean that cognitive radio can give us all desirable features
tomorrow, it is still envisioned as a powerful tool in achieving first
responders' interoperability. The report analyzes the current status of
cognitive radio readiness and shows that this radio market will evolve in the
2010-2011 time frame. Though the technological abilities of cognitive radio
seem unlimited, the cost and regulations are still the major roadblocks; and
it may take a significant time to unify users' desires with a reality of life.
Research Methodology
Considerable research was done using the Internet. Information from various
Web sites was studied and analyzed; evaluation of publicly available marketing
and technical publications was conducted. Telephone conversations and
interviews were held with industry analysts, technical experts and executives.
In addition to these interviews and primary research, secondary sources were
used to develop a more complete mosaic of the market landscape, including
industry and trade publications, conferences and seminars.
The overriding objective throughout the work has been to provide valid and
relevant information. This has led to a continual review and update of the
information content.
Target Audience
This report is important for the government agencies involved in the first
response to critical situations. It is necessary for technical departments of
such agencies to have a document, which in simple language explains radio
technology and architectures of networks supporting public safety radios. They
also need to have a picture of the market with the major players and their
portfolios to select the right equipment.
For vendors of the first response communications technology, this report
provides valuable information on competition. It also supports these vendors
with the market assessment.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
- 1.1 General
- 1.2 Public Safety Systems
- 1.3 Standards
- 1.3.1 TETRA
- 1.3.2 Project 25
- 1.4 Initial Actions
- 1.4.1 Road to Interoperability
- 1.4.2 Technology
- 1.5 Cognitive Radio
- 1.6 Scope and Goals
- 1.7 Research Methodology
- 1.8 Target Audience
2.0 Technology: New Roads for Public Safety Communications
- 2.1 Requirements to Public Safety Radio
- 2.2 Standardization Process and Technologies
- 2.2.1 General
- 2.2.2 Beginning
- 2.3 TETRA: Scope-Release I
- 2.3.1 General
- 2.3.2 Bands
- 2.3.3 TETRA and GSM
- 2.3.4 Main Features
- 2.3.4.1 General
- 2.3.4.2 Technical
- 2.3.4.3 Services
- 2.3.5 Benefits
- 2.3.6 Networking
- 2.3.7 Details
- 2.3.7.1 General
- 2.3.7.2 Interfaces
- 2.3.7.3 Infrastructure
- 2.3.7.4 Spectrum Allocation
- 2.3.7.5 Mobiles
- 2.3.8 Security
- 2.3.9 Summary
- 2.3.10 TETRA Release II
- 2.3.10.1 Need
- 2.3.10.2 Rational
- 2.3.10.3 Applications
- 2.3.11 Trunked Mode Operation (TMO) Range Extension
- 2.3.12 Adaptive Multiple Rate (AMR) Voice Codec
- 2.3.13 Mixed Excitation Liner Predictive, enhanced (MELPe) Voice Codec
- 2.3.14 New Data Services
- 2.3.14.1 TAPS
- 2.3.14.2 TEDS
- 2.3.15 Status on TETRA Release II
- 2.3.16 Standardization Continues
- 2.3.17 Market Analysis
- 2.3.17.1 General
- 2.3.17.2 Examples
- 2.3.17.3 Geography
- 2.3.17.4 Market Drivers-Industries-Applications
- 2.3.17.5 Market Forecast
- 2.3.17.5.1 Model Assumptions
- 2.3.17.5.2 Market Estimate
- 2.3.18 Vendors
- Aerial facilities Limited (AFL)-Axell
- Artevea
- Celex
- ClearTone
- DAMM Cellular
- EADS
- Frequentis
- M/ACom
- Motorola
- Niros
- Pegasus Network
- Rohde-Schwarz
- Rohill
- Teltronic
- Sepura
- Selex
- Team Simoco
- Thales
- 2.3.19 Benefits: Summary
- 2.4 General: P25 Standardization Process
- 2.4.1 Project 25/TIA 102: Scope
- 2.4.1.1 Efforts
- 2.4.1.2 Phased Approach
- 2.4.1.2.1 Phases
- 2.4.1.2.2 Phase I
- 2.4.1.2.3 Phase II
- 2.4.1.2.4 Phase III
- 2.4.2 Current P25 Development-Phase I
- 2.4.2.1 General Mission and Objectives
- 2.4.2.2 Compliance
- 2.4.2.3 Benefits and Issues
- 2.4.2.4 Technical Highlights
- 2.4.2.5 Common Air Interface
- 2.4.2.6 Fixed Station Interface
- 2.4.2.7 Console Sub-system Interface
- 2.4.2.8 RF Sub-system
- 2.4.2.9 Inter-system Interface (ISSI)
- 2.4.2.10 Telephone Interconnect Interface
- 2.4.2.11 Network Management Interface
- 2.4.2.12 Host and Network Data Interfaces
- 2.4.2.13 Summary: Interfaces
- 2.4.3 Security
- 2.4.4 Coding
- 2.4.5 Frequency Bands
- 2.4.6 P25 Voice Messaging
- 2.4.7 System
- 2.4.8 Spectrum: Problems
- 2.4.9 Major Improvements
- 2.4.10 Services
- 2.4.11 Network Scenario
- 2.4.12 Transition
- 2.4.13 Phase II
- 2.4.13.1 Track
- 2.4.13.2 Scope
- 2.4.13.3 Time
- 2.4.14 Motorola and “Harmonized” Solutions
- 2.4.15 Market Analysis
- 2.4.15.1 General
- 2.4.15.2 Geography
- 2.4.15.3 Market Drivers
- 2.4.15.4 Market Forecast
- 2.4.15.4.1 Developments
- 2.4.15.4.2 Model Assumptions
- 2.4.15.5 Addressable Market Estimate
- 2.4.16 Vendors
- Catalyst
- Daniels
- Datron
- Digital Voice System
- EDAS Secure Networks
- EF Johnson
- Etherstack
- ICOM America
- Kenwood
- M/A-Com (TycoElectronic)
- Midland
- Motorola
- Nexus Wireless
- Relm
- Raytheon JPS
- Thales
- Tait Electronics
- Technisonic
- Westel
- Wireless Pacific
3.0 Phase III-Project MESA
- 3.1 General
- 3.2 Organization
- 3.3 Background
- 3.4 Project MESA Formulators
- 3.5 Networking
- 3.6 MESA Statement of Requirements (SoR)
- 3.6.1 General
- 3.6.2 Vision: Ad-hoc and Cell
- 3.6.2.1 Features
- 3.6.2.2 Technological Needs
- 3.6.2.3 General Technology-Requirements
- 3.6.2.4 Specific and Functional Requirements
- 3.7 Goals
- 3.8 Applications
- 3.9 Crossroads
- 3.10 Technology Details: System of Systems
- 3.10.1 Framework description
- 3.11 Architecture
- 3.12 Security
- 3.13 Projects P25/TETRA and MESA
4.0 Roadblocks
- 4.1 Funding
- 4.2 Spectrum Congestion
- 4.3 Control
5.0 P25 and TETRA
6.0 Cognitive Radio and Interoperability
- 6.1 General
- 6.2 FCC Position
- 6.3 Helping First Responders
- 6.3.1 Abilities
- 6.4 Standardization
- 6.5 Terminology
- 6.6 Structure
- 6.7 SDR Improvements
- 6.8 Spectrum: Regulations
- 6.9 Cognitive Radio Features
- 6.10 Development
- 6.11 Functions
- 6.12 CR Applications
- 6.13 Cognitive Radio Advantages and Limitations
- 6.14 Role in PSC Interoperability
- 6.15 Market and Players
- Adapt4
- BitWave Semiconductor
- Harris
- Shared Spectrum
- Spectrum Signal Processing
- Thales
- Terocelo
7.0 CR and Spectrum Utilization
8.0 Conclusions
Glossary
References
FIGURES:
- Figure 1: TETRA Networks
- Figure 2: TETRA Release I Features
- Figure 3: TETRA Interworking Example
- Figure 4: Network Scenarios
- Figure 5: TETRA Release I Interfaces
- Figure 6: TETRA: Spectrum Allocation
- Figure 7: TETRA II Developments
- Figure 8: Directions
- Figure 9: TAPS
- Figure 10: TEDS Channel Characteristics
- Figure 11: Illustration of TETRA Market Geography (2006-2007)
- Figure 12: TETRA Segmentation by Industries (2007)
- Figure 13: Public Safety Radio Addressable Market ($B)
- Figure 14: TETRA Addressable Market ($B)
- Figure 15: TETRA Portable Radio (Handsets): Market Estimate ($B)
- Figure 16: APCO Project 25 Interface Committee P25
- Figure 17: Generic-P25 System Structure
- Figure 18: ISSI-P25 System-to-System
- Figure 19: ISSI-Roaming
- Figure 20: P25 Radio System Model Illustration
- Figure 21: 700 MHz Revised Frequency Plan
- Figure 22: Revised Spectrum (Upper 700 MHz sub-band)
- Figure 23: FCC 700 MHz Auction
- Figure 24: P25 Network Architecture
- Figure 25: P25 Equipment Addressable Market (U.S. and Canada, $M)
- Figure 26: Addressable Market: P25 Handsets U.S. and Canada ($B)
- Figure 27: P25 Radio Major Applications (2007)
- Figure 28: Partners
- Figure 29: MESA Networking
- Figure 30: Evolution-Project MESA
- Figure 31: PSR Evolution
- Figure 32: APCO Phased Approach
- Figure 33: IEEE Activity
- Figure 34: a) Simplified CR Block-Diagram; b) Front-End
- Figure 35: TV Band “White Space”
- Figure 36: CR Logical Connections
- Figure 37: CR Addressable Market ($M)
TABLES:
- Table 1: TETRA Established
- Table 2: TETRA Release I-Major Characteristics
- Table 3: TETRA Improvements
- Table 4: Applications (Release II)
- Table 5: Evolution of TETRA Services
- Table 6: Comparison: P25 and TETRA Markets
- Table 7: TETRA Features
- Table 8: P25 Advantages and Issues
- Table 9: PSR Bands
- Table 10: P25-based Services
- Table 11: MESA Network Levels
- Table 12: Conventional Radio, SDR and CR Comparison