本報告已在2011年07月19日停止出版。
專精通訊與電腦領域的美國專業公司 Practel, Inc.（總公司：紐澤西州），調查分析了光學通訊產業價值鏈後，出版了一本綜合報告書“Optical Telecom Value Chain: Industry Perspectives and Profitability”。
報告書內容包括：產業價值鏈定義、各部門相關詳細分析、主要供應商、光學通訊與價值鏈的營收性、獲得營收的阻礙要素分析等等，內容綱要摘記如下：
1. 前言
2. 產業動向
- 概要
- 技術動向
- 10 Gb/s 傳輸器
- 邁向標準化
- MOEMS
- PON
- 可變雷射
- 雷曼放大
- 新通訊動向
3. 樂觀展望
4. 光學通訊價值鏈與其特性
- 企業需因應的事項
- 光學通訊產業價值鏈模式
- 光學通訊價值鏈拓展動向
5. 光學通訊零件材料
6. 零件
- 概要
- 總體拓展
- 主要團體
- 供應商
- 技術性可變要素
- 市場與營收性
- 營收來源
- 總結
7. 模組
- 概要
- 系統層級模組方式
- 進化
- 未來展望
- 主要供應商
- 總結
8. 子系統
- 概要
- 子系統種類
- 全球化
- 標準化
- 市場（SONET/SDH、DWDM、CWDM、PON）
- 供應商（4 家）
- 子系統成本
- 利潤
- 總結
9. 系統 Layer
- 概要
- 構造
- 核心網路
- MAN
- 定義
- 主要事項
- 新要素
- WMAN
- Metro Ethernet 的主要動向
- 供應商與營收
- PON
- 原理
- 發展
- PON 價值提案
- PON 分類
- PON 服務
- 供應商營收
- 營收低迷
- 總結
10. Layer 特性比較
11. 調查結果與總論
Abstract
his report is about the optical telecom value chain, and its goal is:
- An identification of the value chain structure
- The detailed analysis of each part of the value chain
- An identification of the major supplier groups
- The analysis of optical telecom perspectives
- The analysis of the value chain profitability
- An identification of the suppliers non-profitability cause roots.
For each ingredient of the value chain we performed the identical analysis to identify its
structure and current trends. This allowed an identification of promising directions.
Porter first introduced the term Value Chain in 1985. He defines it as a "tool for
diagnosing competitive advantage" and states that a value chain "divides a firm into the
discrete activities it performs in designing, producing, marketing, and distributing its
product".
Using value chain analysis, one can understand the players in the chain to better position the
firm. The structure of value chains is dynamic. Firms could benefit from the understanding when and
why the structure of the value chain is about to shift so that they can modify their investment
decisions toward profitable portion of the chain or shift their relationships with partners as
appropriate. Another benefit for the firm to understand why the value chain shifts so that they can
stimulate the change by investing in activities, technologies, partnerships or standards that lead
to restructure the value chain in a way that would be advantageous to them.
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction 13
- 1.1 General 13
- 1.2 Goal 13
- 1.3 Industry Today 13
- 1.4 From Vertical to Horizontal Structure 15
- 1.5 Value Chain 16
- 1.6 Strategies 16
- 1.7 Research Methodology 17
- 1.8 Report Structure 17
2.0 Industry Trends 20
- 2.1 General 20
- 2.2 Technological Trends 20
- 2.2.1 10 Gb/s Transponders 20
- 2.2.1.1 Smart Transponder 21
- 2.2.1.2 Beyond 10 Gb/s Transmission 21
- 2.2.2 Standardization Efforts-Multi-source Agreements 21
- 2.2.2.1 XFP 22
- 2.2.2.2 Advanced Telecom Computing Architecture 23
- 2.2.2.3 Intelligent Physical Layer 23
- 2.2.3 MOEMS 24
- 2.2.4 Passive Optical Networks 24
- 2.2.5 Tunable Lasers 25
- 2.2.6 Raman Amplification 26
- 2.3 New Telecom Pattern 26
3.0 Optimistic Note 28
4.0 Optical Telecom Value Chain and its Characteristics 30
- 4.1 What A Company Needs to Answer 30
- 4.2 Model: Optical Telecom Industry Value Chain 30
- 4.2.1 Features 31
- 4.2.2 Forces 32
- 4.2.3 Example 33
- 4.3 Optical Telecom Value Chain and Major Development Trends 33
- 4.3.1 What to Expect 34
- 4.3.2 Slow Recovery 35
5.0 Optical Telecom Value Chain: Optical Materials 38
- 5.1 Materials and Components 38
- 5.1.1 Sources 38
- 5.1.2 Receivers 38
- 5.1.3 Fiber 38
- 5.1.4 Optical Signal Manipulators 38
- 5.2 Non-Linear Materials 39
- 5.3 Materials for PLC 41
- 5.4 Industry 43
- 5.5 Summary 45
6.0 Optical Telecom Value Chain: Components 46
- 6.1 General 46
- 6.2 Macro Developments 46
- 6.2.1 Private Market for Optical Components 47
- 6.2.2 Winners and Losers 48
- 6.2.3 Investment Niches 48
- 6.3 Major Groups 49
- 6.4 Suppliers 50
- JDSU 50
- Agilent 52
- Bookham 54
- 6.5 Technology Variants 56
- 6.6 Market and Profitability 57
- 6.7 Where Money Are 59
- 6.8 Summary 60
7.0 Optical Telecom Value Chain: Modules 62
- 7.1 General 62
- 7.2 Modularity at the System Level 62
- 7.3 Evolution 63
- 7.4 Attractive Roads 65
- 7.4.1 Optical Transceivers and Transponders 65
- 7.4.2 Tunable Lasers 66
- 7.5 Major Suppliers 68
- 7.6 Summary 68
8.0 Optical Telecom Value Chain: Subsystems 70
- 8.1 General 70
- 8.2 Types 70
- 8.3 Globalization 71
- 8.4 Standardization 71
- 8.5 Markets 72
- 8.5.1 General 72
- 8.5.2 SONET/SDH 72
- 8.5.3 DWDM 73
- 8.5.4 CWDM 74
- 8.5.5 PON 74
- 8.6 Suppliers 76
- Alcatel 76
- Nortel 77
- Lucent 77
- Cisco 77
- 8.7 Subsystem Cost 78
- 8.8 Margins 80
- 8.9 Summary 80
9.0 Optical Telecom Value Chain: System Layer 81
- 9.1 General 81
- 9.2 Structure 81
- 9.3 Core Networks 82
- 9.3.1 Types 82
- 9.3.2 Recent History 84
- 9.3.3 Efficiency 84
- 9.3.4 New Wave 85
- 9.3.5 Examples 85
- 360networks 86
- AboveNet 86
- AT&T 87
- Bharti Infotel 87
- Cegetel 88
- China Telecom 89
- Energis 89
- FLAG Telecom 90
- Global Crossing 91
- IP1 (Acquired by Telstra) 91
- MCI 91
- Sea-Me-We 4 92
- Telefonica 93
- Tiscali 93
- TGN (Acquired by Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited) 94
- T-Systems 94
- Verizon 95
- Vodafone 95
- 9.3.6 Results 96
- 9.4 Metropolitan Area Networks 96
- 9.4.1 Definition 96
- 9.4.2 Specifics 96
- 9.4.3 New Requirements 97
- 9.4.4 Wireless MAN 99
- 9.4.5 Metro Ethernet -- Major Trend 100
- 9.4.6 Providers and Revenue 100
- 9.5 Passive Optical Networks 101
- 9.5.1 Rational 101
- 9.5.2 Evolving 102
- 9.5.3 The PON Proposition 102
- 9.5.4 PON Classification 103
- 9.5.5 PON Services 104
- 9.5.5.1 Voice 104
- 9.5.5.2 Data 105
- 9.5.5.3 Video 105
- 9.5.5.4 Set 106
- 9.5.6 Providers Revenue 106
- 9.5.7 Declining Profitability 111
- 9.5.8 Summary 112
10.0 Characteristics -- Layers comparison 113
- 10.1 Margins 113
- 10.2 Summary 115
11.0 Findings and Conclusions 116
- 11.1 General 116
- 11.1.1 Areas to Improve 116
- 11.2 Current Status 117
- 11.3 Unprofitable 118
- 11.4 Suggestions 118
12.0 Appendix 1: Vendors Information 120
- 12.1 Components and Modules 120
- AC Photonics, Inc. 120
- Active Optical Networks, Inc. 120
- Aegis Semiconductor, Inc. 121
- Agiltron, Inc. 121
- Alliance Fiber Optic Products 121
- ANdevices 122
- AOC Technologies 122
- Auxora, Inc. 123
- Avanex Corporation 123
- CAPELLA PHOTONICS 124
- CORRIGENT 126
- CUBE OPTICS AG 126
- DICON FIBEROPTICS 127
- DuPont Photonics Technologies 127
- FINISAR CORPORATION 129
- GUANGZHOU YONGDA OPTICAL COMM. TECH. DEV 130
- KAISER OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC 134
- Kamelian 134
- Lambda Optical Systems 135
- LightComm Technology 135
- LIGHTCONNECT, Inc 136
- Lightwaves 2020, Inc. 137
- Lynx Photonic Networks 137
- Mahi Networks 138
- Metconnex 138
- NeoPhotonics 139
- Network Photonics (Not in Operation) 139
- O-Net Communications Ltd 140
- Oplink Communications, Inc. 141
- Optiviva Inc. 141
- OpTun Inc. 142
- Optoplex 142
- SDO Communications Corp. 145
- Shenzhen Hi-Optel Technology Co. Ltd. 146
- Sinclair Manufacturing Company 146
- Silicon Light Machines 146
- SpectraSwitch 147
- Stratos International, Inc. 148
- TeraXion Inc. 149
- TheFibers Inc. 149
- Topfiber Technology 150
- TransOptix 150
- Valdor Fiber Optics 150
- Xerox 151
- 12.2 Subsystems 153
- 12.2.1 DWDM 153
- Alcatel 153
- APA 154
- AOC Technologies 155
- BTI 156
- Broadcom 157
- Ciena 158
- Cisco 160
- Core Optics 161
- Corning 162
- ECI 163
- Hitachi 164
- Huawei 165
- Infinera 168
- Fujitsu 169
- Lambda OpticalSystems 170
- Lucent 172
- LuminentOIC 173
- Lumentis (merged with Transmode) 173
- Marconi 174
- Meriton 177
- Mintera 179
- NEC 180
- Nortel 181
- Siemens 182
- StrataLight 183
- Sycamore 185
- Tellabs 186
- TriQuint Semiconductor 187
- Xtera 188
- ZTE 189
- 12.2.2 OADM 189
- AC Photonics (C) 190
- ADVA (S) 191
- AFOP (C) 192
- Alcatel (S) 193
- Aoctech (M) 194
- Allied Telesyn (M) 196
- Agiltron (M) 197
- Avanex (M) 198
- Canoga Perkins (M) 200
- Chromux (M) 201
- Ciena (S) 202
- Capella Photonics (M) 205
- Cisco (S) 206
- Corvis (Broadwing) (S) 207
- DiCon (C, M ) 208
- Gould (M) 208
- Finisar (M) 210
- Fujitsu (S) 210
- Global Opticom (M) 211
- Infinera 212
- JDSU (M, C) 213
- Lambda Crossing (M) 215
- Lightconnect (C ) 217
- Lynx (C ) 218
- Lucent (S) 219
- Mahi Networks (S) 219
- Marconi (S) 220
- Motorola 221
- Movaz (S) 221
- MRV (M) 222
- NEC (S) 223
- NeoPhotonics (M) 224
- Nortel (S) 225
- O-eLand (C ) 225
- OpTun (C ) 227
- Optoplex (M) 228
- OptoWaves (C, M) 228
- Padtec (M) 229
- Photonic Bridges (S) 230
- PhoXtal (C ) 230
- Primanex (C, M) 232
- RBN (M, S) 233
- Santec (M) 234
- Sumitomi Electric (M) 235
- Tellabs (S) 236
- TeraXion (M) 237
- Tropic Networks (S) 237
- World Wide Packets (M) 239
- Xtellus (M) 240
- Xtera (S) 240
- 12.2.3 CWDM 241
- Alcatel 241
- Alloptic 242
- Adva 244
- Afop 246
- Avanex 247
- Canary 248
- Canoga 249
- Ciena 251
- Cisco 252
- Controlware 253
- Corning Cable Systems 254
- Eblana Photonocs 255
- ECI Telecom 256
- Evertz 257
- Fiberdyne 258
- Fiberlab 259
- Finisar 260
- Foxcom 261
- ghip Systems 262
- Harmonic 264
- Iridian 264
- JDS Uniphase 265
- Lightmaze 267
- LuminentOIC 267
- Lucent 268
- Marconi 270
- Multidyne 271
- Metrobility 272
- MRV 273
- NEC 274
- Neophotonics 275
- Nortel 276
- Optoway 276
- QPC 277
- Riverstone 278
- Siemens 279
- Sorrento (Acquired by Zhone Technology) 280
- Transmode 282
- WDS 284
- T-Networks 284
13.0 Appendix II -- Listing of Acronyms 286
List of figures
- Figure 1: Estimate - PON Equipment Market Sales ($M) 25
- Figure 2: Optical Telecom Industry: Value Chain Model 31
- Figure 3: Example: Optical Value Chain 33
- Figure 4: Product Lifecycle 34
- Figure 5: Amex Telecom Index (2005-Projected) 35
- Figure 6: Non-linear Optics Materials: Market Forecast ($M) 40
- Figure 7: PLC Fabrication 42
- Figure 8: Structure of PLC 42
- Figure 9: Component Layer- Herfindahl Index 58
- Figure 10: Technology: Components and Modules Evolution Process 63
- Figure 11: Market and Projections-Worldwide SONET/SDH Equipment Sale ($B) 72
- Figure 12: Market and Projections -- Worldwide DWDM Sales ($B) 72
- Figure 13: CWDM Market Forecast 73
- Figure 14: OLT Market Estimate ($M) 74
- Figure 15: ONU Market Forecast ($M) 74
- Figure 16: Growth of Bandwidth 78
- Figure 17: Decline in Subsystems Cost 78
- Figure 18: Core Structures (A- 2004; B-2010) 82
- Figure 19: Illustration: MANs 96
- Figure 20: "Universal" MAN 98
- Figure 21: Ethernet MAN Providers Revenue ($B) 100
- Figure 22: PON Structure 102
- Figure 23: Providers Market Potentials (U.S., Estimate --Premises Passed) 106
- Figure 24: Wired Premises Projection (U.S., $000) 107
- Figure 25: U.S. PON Providers Revenue Projection (residential segment, $M) 107
- Figure 26: PON Providers Revenue (U.S., Business, $M) 108
- Figure 27: PON Asian Providers: Revenue Projection ($M) 109
- Figure 28: PON Providers Revenue Estimate: Europe ($M) 110
- Figure 29: Service Providers Decline of Profitability 110
- Figure 30: Value Chain Layers -- Margins 112
- Figure 31: Gross Margins (G) Comparison 113
List of Tables
- Table 1: Changes in Industry Funding 35
- Table 2: Competition 36
- Table 3: NLO Market Structure 41
- Table 4: Major Optical Materials 43
- Table 5: Market Characteristics 50
- Table 6: JDSU - Portfolio and Results 51
- Table 7: Agilent Profitability Characteristics 54
- Table 8: Bookham Profitability Characteristics 55
- Table 9 : Technology Variants 56
- Table 10: Components Business Average Margins (in %); Second row -- Gross Margin, Third row --
Operating Margin 61
- Table 11: Stages of Integration 65
- Table 12: Avanex Profitability 68
- Table 13: Alcatel Profitability 76
- Table 14: Cisco Financials 77
- Table 15: Subsystem Layer Margins (%): Second Row -- Operating Margin, Third Row -- Gross Margin
79
- Table 16: MAN: Key Requirements 98
- Table 17: System Characteristics 159
