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市場調查報告書
微電網：分散型發電、孤島安全電網、信頼度、保全、緊急服務的智慧能量集約平台
Microgrids Smart Energy Aggregation Platforms for Distributed Power Generation, Safe Grid Islanding, Reliability, Security, and Emergency Services
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微電網：分散型發電、孤島安全電網、信頼度、保全、緊急服務的智慧能量集約平台 是由出版商Pike Research在2010年12月所出版的。
這份英文市場調查報告書包含118 Pages 價格從美金3500起跳。
本報告書為全球微電網技術市場之相關調査分析，包含商務模式、政策以及法規體制、技術的課題等詳細的檢驗以及2016年為止的市場收益預測依各地區、各國、應用各領域之整理，概述如下。
第1章 總綱
第2章 市場課題
- 微電網
- 智慧電網與微電網
- 什麼是微電網：定義與構成要素
- 微電網的商業案例
- VPP代替品的商業案例
- 主要微電網拓樸學
- 現在的市場機會
- 實裝之課題
第3章 技術的課題
- 微電網技術概要
- 微電網控制系統
- RDEG與DEG技術
- 逆變器
- 微儲存
- 其他
- 智慧切換器
第4章 主要企業
- 電力設施企業
- 大規模品牌企業
- 逆變器技術企業
- 微電網開發業者
- 微電網控制系統會社
- 其他主要軟體供應商
- 能源儲存革新企業
- 智慧切換器
第5章 市場預測
- 2009年預測的現況檢查
- 微電網的障礙與鼓勵
- 調査方法
- 微電網領域
第6章 企業目錄
第7章 略語與其他
第8章 目次
第9章 圖表
第10章 調査範圍、情報源、調査方法、注釋
圖表
Abstract
Microgrids offer a compelling alternative to traditional energy generation and
distribution, utilizing smart grid technologies to enable integrated control
of distributed power generation assets either in parallel to or
“islanded” from the utility power grid. Pike Research' s analysis
indicates that there are more than 140 microgrid projects totaling over 1.1
gigawatts (GW) of capacity worldwide. The current mix of microgrids is
heterogeneous in nature, utilizing a wide variety of renewable and fossil
fuel-based power sources in addition to a full range of application segments,
including commercial and industrial sites, university campuses, remote
off-grid communities, and military microgrids.
However, despite the significant promise and industry excitement over the
concept, few fully commercialized state-of-the-art microgrids with significant
generation capacity are actually up and running in North America, the world' s
leading market for microgrids. Industry leaders and other advocates are
wrestling to find the appropriate business models and regulatory structures
for decentralizing the power distribution infrastructure in a quest to
integrate renewable energy while adding greater reliability, security, and
self-healing capabilities to electricity distribution. The answers to these
open questions will have a profound influence on the evolution of the electric
power industry.
This Pike Research report provides an in-depth analysis of the emerging global
market for microgrids and the technologies that will enable greater
flexibility and diversity in the generation, transmission, and distribution of
electricity. The study includes a detailed examination of business models,
policy and regulatory drivers, technology issues, and key industry players
that are focused on realizing the microgrid vision. Global market forecasts
are provided through 2016 for microgrid capacity and revenues, segmented by
world regions, key countries, and application segments.
Key questions addressed:
- How does a microgrid differ from a “virtual power plant?”
- What five key segments of the overall microgrid market are being developed
today?
- Why is North America the leading market today, and why might Asia become
the leader over the long term?
- What regulatory changes and new standards are shaping the current
microgrid market?
- Which companies beyond GE, IBM, Lockheed Martin and American Electric
Power are emerging as market makers?
Who needs this report?
- Microgrid developers
- Utilities
- Distributed energy generation manufacturers
- Smart Grid hardware and software vendors
- Inverter suppliers
- Energy storage companies
- Research institutions
- Community energy non-profit organizations
- Government agencies
- Investor community
Table of Contents
1. Executive Summary
- 1.1 Global Market Overview & 2010 Forecast Update
2. Market Issues
- 2.1 Microgrids: Just Part of the Smart Grid Hype?
- 2.2 Smart “SuperGrids” versus Dumb Microgrids
- 2.3 What is a Microgrid? Definitions and Components
- 2.3.1 Distributed Energy Generation
- 2.3.2 “Islanding” Inverters
- 2.3.3 Smart Switches
- 2.3.4 Micro-Storage Options
- 2.3.5 Microgrid “Control” Systems
- 2.3.6 Other Optimization and Integration Controls
- 2.3.7 Virtual Power Plants versus Microgrids
- 2.4 The Business Case for Microgrids
- 2.5 The Business Case for the VPP Alternative
- 2.6 Leading Microgrid Topologies
- 2.6.1 Institutional/Campus Microgrids
- 2.6.2 Military Fixed-Base Microgrids
- 2.6.3 Remote “Off-Grid” Microgrids
- 2.7 Current Market Opportunities
- 2.7.1 Smart Grid Trends & the Status Quo
- 2.7.2 IMBY Instead of NIMBY
- 2.7.3 Moving beyond UPS Systems
- 2.7.4 Current Unstable Geopolitical Trends
- 2.7.5 Increasing Frequency of Natural Disasters
- 2.7.6 The Bottom of the Pyramid
- 2.8 Implementation Issues
- 2.8.1 UL 1741 Safety Standard
- 2.8.2 IEEE Islanding and Storage Standards
- 2.8.3 NTIS Cyber Security Standards
- 2.8.4 “Plug-and-Play” Offerings Extremely Limited
- 2.8.5 Lack of Comprehensive Microgrid Policy Frameworks
- 2.8.6 Indifferent (or even Hostile) Host Distribution Utilities
- 2.8.7 Physical & Cyber Security
3. Technology Issues
- 3.1 Microgrid Technology Overview: Back to the Future
- 3.1.1 Basic Principles
- 3.1.2 Pros and Cons
- 3.1.3 Commercialization Time Horizon
- 3.1.4 Cost
- 3.2 Microgrid “Control” Systems
- 3.2.1 Basic Principles
- 3.2.2 Pros and Cons
- 3.2.3 Commercialization Time Horizon
- 3.2.4 Cost Ranges
- 3.3 RDEG and DEG Technologies
- 3.3.1 Cost Ranges for all DEG Resources
- 3.4 Inverters
- 3.4.1 Basic Principles
- 3.4.2 Pros and Cons
- 3.4.3 Commercialization Time Horizon
- 3.4.4 Current Cost Curves
- 3.5 Micro Storage
- 3.5.1 Inventory of Battery Options
- 3.5.1.1 Lead-Acid Batteries
- 3.5.1.2 Lithium-ion Batteries
- 3.5.1.3 Sodium Sulfur Batteries
- 3.5.1.4 Flow Batteries
- 3.5 Other Micro Storage Options
- 3.5.2 Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles
- 3.5.3 Flywheels
- 3.5.4 Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
- 3.5.5 Supercapacitors
- 3.5.6 Commercialization Time Horizon
- 3.5.7 Micro-Storage Adoption and Cost Trends
- 3.6 Smart Switches
4. Key Industry Players
- 4.1 Electric Utilities
- 4.1.1 American Electric Power
- 4.1.2 Sacramento Municipal Utility District
- 4.1.3 BC Hydro
- 4.2 Large Corporate Players
- 4.2.1 General Electric
- 4.2.2 Lockheed Martin
- 4.2.3 IBM
- 4.3 Inverter Innovators
- 4.3.1 Tecogen Inc.
- 4.3.2 Silent Power Inc.
- 4.4 Microgrid Developers
- 4.4.1 Pareto Energy
- 4.4.2 General MicroGrids
- 4.5 Microgrid Control Systems
- 4.5.1 Encorp
- 4.5.2 Spirae Inc.
- 4.5.3 EDSA Power Analytics
- 4.6 Other Key Software Providers
- 4.7 Energy Storage Innovators
- 4.7.1 ZBB Energy Corporation
- 4.8 Smart Switches
- 4.8.1 S&C Electric Company
5. Market Forecasts
- 5.1 Reality Check on 2009 Pike Research Forecast
- 5.2 Microgrid Barriers and Incentives
- 5.2.1 Barriers
- 5.2.2 Incentives
- 5.3 Methodology
- 5.3.1 Exponential Growth
- 5.3.2 Growth Scenarios
- 5.3.2.1 Base Scenario
- 5.3.2.2 Average Scenario
- 5.3.2.3 Aggressive Scenario
- 5.4 Microgrid Segments
- 5.4.1 Institutional/Campus
- 5.4.1.1 Case Study: Santa Rita Jail, Alameda County, California
- 5.4.1.2 Global Overview
- 5.4.1.2.1 North America
- 5.4.1.2.2 Europe
- 5.4.1.2.3 Asia-Pacific
- 5.4.2 Military Microgrids
- 5.4.2.1 Case Study: Fort Sill, Oklahoma
- 5.4.2.2 Global Overview
- 5.4.3 Remote “Off-Grid” Microgrids
- 5.4.3.1 Case Study: Huatacondo Project, Chile
- 5.4.3.2 Global Overview
- 5.4.3.2.1 North America
- 5.4.3.2.2 Europe
- 5.4.3.2.3 Asia-Pacific
- 5.4.4 Grid-Tied Community/Utility Microgrids
- 5.4.4.1 Case Study: Ashton Hayes Going Carbon Neutral Project, United
Kingdom
- 5.4.4.2 Global Overview
- 5.4.4.2.1 North America
- 5.4.4.2.2 Europe
- 5.4.4.2.3 Asia-Pacific
- 5.4.5 Commercial/Industrial (Multiple Owners)
- 5.4.5.1 Case Study: NEDO' s Sendai Project
- 5.4.5.2 Global Overview
- 5.4.5.2.1 North America
- 5.4.5.2.2 Europe
- 5.4.5.2.3 Asia-Pacific
6. Company Directory
7. Acronym and Abbreviation List
8. Table of Contents
9. Table of Charts and Figures
10. Scope of Study, Sources and Methodology, Notes
List of Charts and Figures
- Super Smart Grids versus Microgrids
- Microgrid Market Segmentation Based on Capacity Size
- PQR Hierarchy
- The Microgrid Transformation Paradigm
- Diagram Displaying VPP Versatility
- Microgrid Architectures
- UC-San Diego Campus Microgrid Topology
- Microgrid Hub Technologies, Surface Warfare Center, Crane, Indiana
- Topology of Remote “Off-Grid” Microgrid at Gaidouromantra,
Kythos Island, Greece
- Areas of Grid Congestion in the United States
- Increased Frequency of Natural Disasters
- Remote Microgrid Market Opportunity
- Conventional and Microgrid Paradigms
- Current Microgrid Project/Test Center Landscape in the United States
- Microgrid Payback Periods and Market Penetration
- Cutting Peak Demand via Distributed Generation
- Microgrid Market Shares per Generation Type
- Capital Costs of Selected DER Equipment
- Installed Costs of Available DER Equipment
- Inverter Conversion Wave Forms
- “Smart” Inverter Broadens Microgrid Service Inventory
- Load Impacts of PHEVs in Southern California
- Community Energy Storage Program at AEP
- Comparison of CES versus RES from Utility Point-of-View
- Legacy Feeder Line “Microgrids” in British Columbia
- Model Mannheim Smart Micro Grid Cells
- Silent Power' s RES Value Proposition
- Stamford, Connecticut Microgrid Architecture
- Cell Controller Project in Denmark
- CSIRO Survey of World Microgrid Market Shares by Region
- States with Utility Revenue Decoupling
- States with Net Metering Policies
- States with IOU Residential Real-Time Pricing or TOU Rates
- Fisher-Pry S Curve for Microgrids
- Santa Rita Jail Key Microgrid Components
- Energy Surety Microgrid Concepts
- Map of Army, Navy, Marine, and Air Force Base Microgrid Research Projects
- Topology of Huatacondo Project in Chile, South America
- Aerial View of the Ashton Hayes “Microgrid”
- Topology of Sendia Microgrid in Japan
- NEDO Microgrid Projects in Japan
List of Tables
- Inverter Price per Watt Projections
- Utilities Adopting Energy Storage Technologies: 2010
- System Installed Cost Projections for Energy Storage Technologies, World
Markets: 2009, 2014, and 2019
- Planned Microgrid Capacity, Base Scenario, World Markets: 2010-2016
- Planned Microgrid Capacity, Average Scenario, World Markets: 2010-2016
- Planned Microgrid Capacity, Aggressive Scenario, World Markets: 2010-2016
- Annual Microgrid Revenue, Base Scenario, World Markets: 2011-2016
- Annual Microgrid Revenue, Average Scenario, World Markets: 2011-2016
- Annual Microgrid Revenue, Aggressive Scenario, World Markets: 2011-2016
- Planned Microgrid Capacity by Region and Segment, Base Scenario, World
Markets: 2010-2016
- Planned Microgrid Capacity by Segment, Base Scenario, World Markets:
2010-2016
- Planned Microgrid Capacity by Region and Segment, Average Scenario, World
Markets: 2010-2016
- Planned Microgrid Capacity by Segment, Average Scenario, World Markets:
2010-2016
- Planned Microgrid Capacity by Region and Segment, Aggressive Scenario,
World Markets: 2010-2016
- Planned Microgrid Capacity by Segment, Aggressive Scenario, World Markets:
2010-2016
- Annual Microgrid Revenue by Region and Segment, Base Scenario, World
Markets: 2011-2016
- Annual Microgrid Revenue by Segment, Base Scenario, World Markets:
2011-2016
- Annual Microgrid Revenue by Region and Segment, Average Scenario, World
Markets: 2011-2016
- Annual Microgrid Revenue by Segment, Average Scenario, World Markets:
2011-2016
- Annual Microgrid Revenue by Region and Segment, Aggressive Scenario, World
Markets: 2011-2016
- Annual Microgrid Revenue by Segment, Aggressive Scenario, World Markets:
2011-2016
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