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市場調查報告書
全球的海藻生質燃料市場：全球市場預測・主要企業・新技術・政策・需求牽引因子
Algae-Based Biofuels: Demand Drivers, Policy Issues, Emerging Technologies, Key Industry Players, and Global Market Forecasts
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全球的海藻生質燃料市場：全球市場預測・主要企業・新技術・政策・需求牽引因子 是由出版商Pike Research在2010年10月所出版的。
這份英文市場調查報告書包含Pages: 94 價格從美金3500起跳。
本報告，調查分析全球海藻生質燃料市場的現狀與展望，並彙整主要區域別的生產量以及生產容量的實績・預測（∼2020年）、市場成長的各種影響因子與課題、既有技術以及新技術的概要、主要企業的檔案資料等，由下列摘要形式闡述。
第1章 報告摘要
第2章 市場的課題
- 海藻在能源市場的角色
- 為何是海藻
- 海藻的需求牽引因子
- 能源安全性
- 原油價格
- 原油價格的不穩定性
- 經濟安全保障
- 氣候變動
- 法律規範上的促進因子
- 獎勵・補助金
- 市場機會
- 市場投資
- 市場的限制
- 生命週期分析
第3章 技術
- 概要
- Algaculture（海藻的養殖）
- 養殖策略
- 養殖池
- 光合作用生物反應槽
- 複合系統
- 異營性系統
- 海外系統
- 海藻的萃取・脫水
- 新技術
- 生物科技
- 生質精製的升級
- 人工照明
- 以石碳為原料的生物資源液體燃料（Coal-to-Biomass-Liquid）
第4章 主要企業・組織
第5章 市場預測
第6章 企業名簿
圖表
Abstract
In the face of petroleum scarcity, increasing oil prices, market volatility,
and climate change, a number of national governments are enacting strong
mandates to develop domestic biofuels markets. Meanwhile, as concerns over the
sustainability of first generation biofuels intensify, innovative startup
companies, strategic partnerships led by large multinationals, and
university-led research consortiums are spearheading efforts to develop
low-cost and replicable production pathways for advanced biofuels derived from
renewable biomass like algae. With no alternative to liquid fuel, the
commercial aviation sector and U.S. military are looking to renewable fuel
sources such as algae-based biofuels to reduce expenses and mitigate their
acute vulnerability to petroleum supply chains.
Yielding 2 to 20 times more oil per acre than leading oilseed crops, algae' s
productivity and scalability are its greatest advantages. On paper, algae
could displace worldwide petroleum use altogether, however, the industry has
yet to produce a drop of oil for commercial production. Although the
algae-based biofuels market will grow rapidly once key cost hurdles are
overcome, widespread scale-up will be hampered by a number of difficult
challenges, including access to nutrients, water, and private capital. With
the cost of production still a key obstacle to widespread production, many
companies are refocusing production efforts on low-volume, high-value
co-products to develop revenue streams over the next decade.
This Pike Research report examines the key growth drivers behind the
algae-based biofuels market and outlines unresolved supply challenges. It
compares advantages and disadvantages of algae production pathways, leading
cultivation techniques, and end-market opportunities. The report includes
detailed 10-year market forecasts, segmented by world region, along with
analysis of market conditions in key countries and profiles of key industry
players that are shaping the emerging algae biofuels business.
Key questions addressed:
- What are the key drivers shaping demand for algae-based biofuels?
- Where will the highest algae-based biofuels production growth occur around
the world?
- What are the different cultivation options for algae producers?
- What investment trends and strategic partnerships are driving growth?
- What are the key regulatory and policy issues facing the industry?
- What are the key challenges to widespread algae-based biofuels
commercialization?
- What are the key technology trends emerging in the algae-based biofuels
market?
- What role will biotechnology play in improving algae yields and what are
the potential challenges to widespread GMO-based algae?
- Who are some of the players involved and what are their strategies?
Who needs this report?
- Investors and financial institutions
- Algae-based biofuels producers
- Aviation fuel buyers and partners
- Advanced biofuels industry associations
- Biofuels policy and decision makers
- Government agencies
- Environmental non-profit organizations
Table of Contents
1. Executive Summary
2. Market Issues
- 2.1 The Role of Algae in Energy Markets
- 2.1.1 The Evolution of Biofuels
- 2.1.2 The Evolution of Biofuels
- 2.2 Why Algae?
- 2.2.1 Algae' s Key Advantages
- 2.2.1.1 High per-Acre Productivity
- 2.2.1.2 Non-Food-Based Feedstock Resources
- 2.2.1.3 Diverse Production Scenarios
- 2.2.1.4 Use of Otherwise Non-Productive, Non-Arable Land
- 2.2.1.5 Utilization of a Wide Variety of Water Sources
- 2.2.1.6 Production of Biofuels and Valuable Co-Products
- 2.2.1.6.1 Fuels
- 2.2.1.6.2 Co-Products
- 2.2.2 Algae' s Key Disadvantages
- 2.2.2.1 Estimating Costs
- 2.2.2.2 Water Use
- 2.2.2.3 Energy Use
- 2.3 Algae Demand Drivers
- 2.3.1 Energy Security
- 2.3.2 Price of Oil
- 2.3.3 Oil Price Volatility
- 2.3.4 Economic Security
- 2.3.5 Climate Change
- 2.3.6 Legislative and Regulatory Drivers
- 2.3.6.1 Biofuels Mandates
- 2.3.6.1.1 North America
- 2.3.6.1.2 European Union
- 2.3.6.1.3 Latin America
- 2.3.6.1.4 Asia Pacific
- 2.3.6.1.5 Africa/Middle East
- 2.3.6.2 Cap and Trade
- 2.3.6.3 Sustainability
- 2.3.6.3.1 Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels
- 2.3.6.3.2 ABO Technical Standards
- 2.3.6.3.3 Low Carbon Fuel Standard
- 2.3.7 Incentives and Subsidies
- 2.3.7.1 Tax Credits
- 2.3.7.2 Grants and Loans in the United States
- 2.4 Market Opportunities
- 2.4.1 Biorefinery Concept
- 2.4.1.1 Biorefinery Economics
- 2.4.1.2 Current Biorefinery Projects
- 2.4.2 Co-Location
- 2.4.2.1 CO2 Recycling
- 2.4.2.2 Wastewater Remediation
- 2.4.2.3 Power Generation
- 2.4.3 Aviation
- 2.4.3.1 Commercial Aviation
- 2.4.3.1.1 Growing Demand in Asia Pacific
- 2.4.3.1.2 EU ETS
- 2.4.3.2 U.S. Department of Defense
- 2.5 Market Investments
- 2.5.1 United States
- 2.5.2 Rest of World
- 2.5.3 Oil and Chemical Majors
- 2.5.4 IPO Market
- 2.6 Market Constraints
- 2.6.1 Oil Price Parity
- 2.6.2 Cultivation and Production Cost
- 2.6.2.1 Comparative Energy Content and Costs
- 2.6.2.2 Costs and Availability of Capital
- 2.6.3 Research and Development
- 2.7 Lifecycle Analysis
3. Technology Issues
- 3.1 Overview
- 3.1.1 Algae Types
- 3.1.2 Algal Characteristics
- 3.1.3 Production Pathways
- 3.2 Algaculture
- 3.2.1 Resources Required for Algae Production
- 3.3 Cultivation Strategies
- 3.3.1 Ponds
- 3.3.1.1 Characteristics of Open-Pond Systems
- 3.3.1.2 Sample Open-Pond Strategy
- 3.3.1.3 Characteristics of Closed-Pond Systems
- 3.3.2 Photobioreactors
- 3.3.2.1 Characteristics of Photobioreactors
- 3.3.2.2 Sample Photobioreactor Strategies
- 3.3.2.2.1 Plate Photobioreactor
- 3.3.2.2.2 Tubular Photobioreactor
- 3.3.2.2.1 Bubble Column Photobioreactor
- 3.3.3 Hybrid Systems
- 3.3.4 Heterotrophic Systems
- 3.3.5 Offshore Systems
- 3.3.5.1 Macroalgae Cultivation
- 3.4 Harvesting and Dewatering Algae
- 3.5 Oil Extraction
- 3.6 Emerging Technology
- 3.6.1 Biotechnology
- 3.6.1.1 Improving the Algae Yield
- 3.6.1.2 GMO Risks
- 3.6.2 Upgrades for Biorefining
- 3.6.3 Artificial Lighting
- 3.6.4 Coal-to-Biomass-Liquid
4. Key Industry Players
- 4.1 Algae Producers
- 4.1.1 A2BE Carbon Capture
- 4.1.2 Algae.Tec Ltd.
- 4.1.3 Algenol Biofuels
- 4.1.4 Aurora Algae
- 4.1.5 Heliae Development
- 4.1.6 HR BioPetroleum
- 4.1.7 Inventure Chemical
- 4.1.8 Kai BioEnergy
- 4.1.9 LakeMaster
- 4.1.10 LiveFuels
- 4.1.11 Martek Biosciences Corp.
- 4.1.12 Oil Fox
- 4.1.13 OriginOil
- 4.1.14 PetroAlgae
- 4.1.15 Phycal
- 4.1.16 Phyco BioSciences
- 4.1.17 Sapphire Energy
- 4.1.18 Seambiotic
- 4.1.19 Solazyme
- 4.1.20 Solix Biofuels
- 4.1.21 Synthetic Genomics
- 4.2 Industry Players
- 4.2.1 Airbus
- 4.2.2 BP
- 4.2.3 Boeing
- 4.2.4 Chevron
- 4.2.5 Exxon Mobil
- 4.2.6 Honeywell' s UOP
- 4.2.7 Shell
- 4.2.8 Valero
- 4.3 Industry Organizations
- 4.3.1 Algal Biomass Organization
- 4.3.2 National Algae Association
- 4.4 European Algae Biomass Association
- 4.5 Research Consortiums
- 4.5.1 Cellana Consortium
- 4.5.2 Consortium for Algal Biofuels Commercialization
- 4.5.3 NAABB
- 4.5.4 Sustainable Algal Biofuels Consortium
5. Market Forecasts
- 5.1 Market Projections
- 5.1.1 Transportation Fuel Demand
- 5.1.2 Total Biofuels Demand
- 5.2 Algae Market Dynamics
- 5.2.1 Market Share Overview
- 5.2.2 Cost Curve and Price Parity Projections
- 5.3 World Algae-Based Biofuels Forecasts
- 5.3.1 North America
- 5.3.2 Latin America
- 5.3.2.1 Argentina
- 5.3.2.2 Brazil
- 5.3.2.3 Mexico
- 5.3.2.4 Chile
- 5.3.3 Europe
- 5.3.4 Asia Pacific
- 5.3.4.1 China
- 5.3.4.2 India
- 5.3.4.3 Australia/New Zealand
- 5.3.5 Africa/Middle East
6. Company Directory
7. Acronym and Abbreviation List
8. Table of Contents
9. Table of Charts and Figures
10. Scope of Study, Sources and Methodology, Notes
List of Charts and Figures
- Algae-Based Biofuels Production by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Algae Production Share by Country, World Markets: 2020
- Total Value of Algae Products, World Markets: 2010
- World CO2 Emissions from Coal Use by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Biofuels CAGR by Type and Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) Mandate, United States: 2009-2022
- Biorefinery Economics per 1 Ton of Biomass Produced by Product
- Opportunities along Algae Cost Curve
- Demand for Commercial Aircraft by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Snapshot of Cost per BTU Algae versus Transportation Fuels
- Snapshot of Cost per Gallon Algae versus Transportation Fuels
- Transportation Fuel Demand by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Biofuels Market Share by Region, World Markets: 2010
- Market Share by Type of Algae, World Markets: 2010
- Market Share by Cultivation System, World Markets: 2010
- Market Share by Conversion System, World Markets: 2010
- Price Parity Experience Curve for Algae-Based Biofuels, United States:
2010-2020
- Algae Biofuels Production by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Algae Biofuels Production CAGR by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Algae Biofuels Production, North America: 2010-2020
- Algae Biofuels Production, Latin America: 2010-2020
- Algae Biofuels Production, Europe: 2010-2020
- Algae Biofuels Production, Asia Pacific: 2010-2020
- Algae Biofuels Production, Africa/Middle East: 2010-2020
- Algae Oil Yield Relative to Other Biomass Feedstocks
- Algae Footprint to Displace U.S. Petroleum Consumption
- World Average Insolation Map
- Five Potential Production Pathways for Co-Products
- Water Stress Indicator Map: 2020-2030
- Projected Price per Barrel of Oil, World Markets: 2010-2035
- Office of Biomass Program 2010 Budget, United States: 2010
- Snapshot of Major Stationary CO2 Sources, United States: 2008
- Published Production Costs per Gallon of Algae Oil
- Algae Production Pathways
- Advantages and Challenges of Algae Cultivation Strategies
- Key Resource Requirements for Algae Production Pathways
- Heterotrophic Production Overview
- Algae Biorefinery Concept
List of Tables
- Top 15 Net Importers of Oil, World Markets: 2008
- Biofuels Tax Credits and Subsidies, United States: 2010
- Advanced Biofuels Grant and Loan Programs, United States: 2010
- Snapshot of Integrated Biorefinery Projects
- Snapshot of Commercial Aviation Test Flights Using Algae Fuel
- Federal Investments in Algae, United States: 2009-2010
- International Investments in Algae Biofuels, World Markets: 2010
- Industry Investments in Algae Biofuels, World Markets
- World Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Coal Use by Region, World Markets:
2010-2020
- Renewable Fuel Standard Mandates, United States: 2009-2022
- Algae Products by Percentage of Market, United States: 2010
- Economic Viability of Microalgae Production per 1 Ton Dry Biomass
- Value of Products from Microalgae
- Demand for Commercial Aircraft by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Mandated Biodiesel Demand, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Mandated Ethanol Demand, World Markets: 2010-2020
- CAGR by Type and Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Snapshot Comparison of Cost per BTU (Based on Spot Rack Prices, January
2010)
- Snapshot Comparison of Price per Gallon (Based on U.S. Nationwide
Sampling, August 2010)
- Comparison of Algae Types and Properties
- Characteristics of Algae Cultivation Systems
- Top 15 Biofuels Producers by Country, World Markets: 2010
- Transportation Fuel Demand by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Market Share of Biofuels Production by Region, World Markets: 2010
- Snapshot of Algae-Based Biofuel Companies
- Snapshot of Conversion Strategies
- Snapshot of Production Strategies
- Snapshot of Algae Types Used
- Projected Price Parity Experience Curve for Algae-Based Biofuels, United
States: 2010-2020
- Algae Production by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Algae Production and Capacity, North America: 2010-2020
- Algae Production and Capacity, Latin America: 2010-2020
- Algae Production and Capacity, Europe: 2010-2020
- Algae Production and Capacity, Asia Pacific: 2010-2020
- Algae Production and Capacity, Africa/Middle East: 2010-2020
- Algae Market Share by Country, World Markets: 2020
- Algae Market Value, World Markets: 2010-2020
預測2020年時藻類生物燃料製造一年間將達到6,100萬加侖
2010年11月18日
Global Information, Inc.已開始銷售調查公司Pike Research所發行的報告書「Algae-Based Biofuels: Demand Drivers, Policy Issues, Emerging Technologies, Key Industry Players, and Global Market Forecasts (全球的海藻生質燃料市場：全球市場預測・主要企業・新技術・政策・需求牽引因子)」。
政府及產業界的領導者，面臨石油不足、原油價格上升、市場不穩定、氣候變動等，為削減成本，減輕對石油供應鏈的嚴重脆弱性，關心利用藻類的生物燃料等可再生燃料資源。每1英畝的藻類油產量為主要油料種子作物的2∼20倍。其生產性與擴張性可視為最大優勢，業界內很多主要企業想藉機調整運作。此外，使在不適合耕種的土地生長成為可能，能活用含廢水與海水的各種水資源等，藻類生物燃料亦有利用非食物原料的附加優點。
依據本報告，利用藻類的生物燃料製造今後10年會急速成長，預測2020年時一年6,100萬加侖，達到130億美元的市場規模。從整個生物燃料來看，此規模雖然微不足道，然72％的年平均成長率(CAGR)與生物柴油產業的發展初期是同等水平。
Pike Research總裁Clint Wheelock先生如下陳述：「理論上，藻類可全部取代全球利用的石油。然在商業基礎上，連1滴石油亦無法製造。一般認為，利用藻類的生物燃料市場如能清除主要成本上的壁壘，就可急速成長。然廣泛的擴大規模，受制於營養素、水、民間資本的投入等課題。」。Clint Wheelock先生又說，製造成本依然是擴大製造的主要壁壘，為使下個10年產生收益流動，許多企業重新聚焦於少量但價值高的副產品。
Pike Research如下預測。美國市場佔有關藻類全部組合的50％，在全球中已備妥要最早擴大生產量的氣勢。美國國內許多地方正在建設模實驗廠(Pilot-Scale)或工地試驗階段規模(demonstration-scale)、的設施。EU市場佔有關藻類組合的約30％。然因受限於初期階段產業界聚焦於大學的研究，之後則侷囿於水、土地、營養成分等資源無法充分確保的情形。拉丁美洲及亞太地區市場現在實行的專案雖然很少，但長期性應該可獲得相當大的市佔率。
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