Abstract
In 2006, Pfizer' s Lipitor (atorvastatin) generated global revenues of $13.6bn,
making it the best selling drug in pharmaceutical history. The blockbuster
medicine has single-handedly driven the overall revenue margins of the
cardiovascular segment, as this area continues to dominate the pharmaceutical
market. Despite the maturing status of Lipitor, the drug has repeatedly
maintained steady growth over the past 5 years, crowding out the yearly
revenues of other lipid-regulating blockbuster drugs: Merck& Co' s Zocor and
Zetia, Astrazeneca' s Crestor, Abbott' s Tricor and Bristol Myers Squibb' s
Pravacol.
However, as Lipitor' s blockbuster revenue is seriously threatened by imminent
patent expiration in some of the drug' s largest markets such as the US, Japan
and the UK, there is significant unrest between Pfizer' s key stakeholders
about the future of the drug. Principally, amongst the heightened Lipitor
topics are the imminent exposure of the $1 billion annual drug sales or more,
as well as the fast expanding generic market in which India' s Ranbaxy is a
dominant force.
What questions does the report answer?
- Has the success of Pfizer' s Lipitor been overstated?
- Did Pfizer create a monster in Lipitor?
- Have Lipitor sales redefined the bounds that pharmaceutical margins can
now reach?
- How imminent is Lipitor patent expiration?
- Which key markets will suffer the consequence of Lipitor expiry?
- Is Ranbaxy ready for generic Lipitor?
- Do the fast developing markets, CEE and the Latin America segment hold the
key to future sales after Lipitor' s patent expiration?
- Is Lipitor a victim of the struggling Blockbuster Model?
- What is next for Lipitor?
- Do the fast developing markets, CEE and Latin America segment hold the key
to future sales after Lipitor' s patent expiration?
- Is Lipitor, a victim of the struggling Blockbuster Model?
- What is next for Lipitor?
As Pfizer' s Lipitor struggles to fend off the immediate entry of Ranbaxy' s
generic Lipitor, in key markets, the legal challenges surrounding the number
one drug have set a new benchmark for pharmaceutical companies protecting
branded products. Industry observers including Visiongain predicts that
Pfizer' s crises are far from over, as the high revenue streams of Lipitor will
experience significant challenges before the commencement of the next decade.
Moreover, Pfizer' s lack of success to replace Lipitor with Torcetrapib has
escalated the company' s near-term battles besides the ever-tighter regulatory
hurdles, reduced R&D efficiency and increased competition, creating formidable
therapeutic challenges as healthcare payers influence pricing. Nevertheless,
there are strong drivers of growth including unmet therapeutic needs, the
rising incidence of multiple diseases, ageing populations, the rising living
standards and fast-developing geographical markets. The future of Lipitor is
therefore vitally important to Pfizer, especially in this uncertain period of
economic changes and pressures.
This report includes detailed five-year forecasts over the period 2008-2013,
and NOW features 10 and 15-year forecasts to help you understand the
medium-term prospects for these markets.
Why You Must Buy This Report:
This unique in-depth management report examines the future prospects for
Lipitor from 2008-2023. It delivers direct to you future sales forecasts for
leading Lipitor in all seven major markets (7MM). This detailed report
highlights the most compelling must know issues- Lipitor' s patent contention
by Pfizer in both 7MM and other markets in order to block Ranbaxy' s immediate
penetration of generic Lipitor. In light of healthcare drug bills increasing
exponentially, generic Lipitor will be welcomed by managed care organisations
(MCO) and further widen the generic revenue margins, visiongain concludes.
This report also tackles Lipitor' s significant developments, potential
opportunities on the market and important contemporary matters, especially
commercial drivers and restraints.
Unique benefits to you when you order this report:
- Primary research throughout: you will not find this information anywhere
else
- Full searchable report when you buy the company or corporate editions
- Easily downloadable copies of the report available for offline reading
- The report is filled with detailed charts, analysis, figures, graphs and
tables
Table of Contents
1 Executive Summary
- 1.1 Lipitor Was the World' s Best Selling Drug In 2006
- 1.2 Lipitor Will Face Strong Competition After Patent Expiration In
Key Markets
- 1.3 Lipitor Is Embroiled In Patent Challenges With Ranbaxy
2 Overview of Lipitor (Atorvastatin)
- 2.1 Lipitor (Atorvastatin) - The Cholesterol Reducing Drug
- 2.1.1 Pfizer Acquires Lipitor After Merging With Warner-Lambert
- 2.1.2 Dyslipidemia
- 2.1.2.1 Classification of Dyslipidaemia
- 2.1.3 Dyslipidaemia - a Major Risk Factor In Developing Coronary
Heart Disease In The Western Population
- 2.1.4 Aetiology of Dyslipidaemia
- 2.1.4.1 Primary Causes of Dyslipidemia
- 2.1.4.2 Secondary Causes of Dyslipidaemia
- 2.1.4.3 Diabetes A Leading Cause of Secondary Dyslipidaemia
- 2.2 Obesity Is a Major Environmental Factor Associated With
Dyslipidaemia
- 2.2.1 Strong Link Between Diabetes And Obesity
- 2.2.2 Diet Remains An Important Component In Regulating Lipid levels
- 2.2.3 Behaviour
- 2.2.4 Regular Physical Exercise
- 2.3 Symptoms and Signs of Dyslipidaemia
- 2.4 Diagnosis, Screening and Markers of Dyslipidaemia
- 2.4.1 Direct Measurement of Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, And HDL
- 2.4.2 Estimation of Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) And Very
Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL)
- 2.4.3 Fasting Lipid Profile
- 2.4.4 Screening Patients Under 20 Years For Atherosclerotic Risk
Factors
- 2.4.5 Screening For Lipoprotein(a) levels
3 Treatment of Dyslipidaemia
- 3.1 Lipid Regulating Drugs Are Central To Treating Dyslipidaemia
- 3.1.1 Statins are First Choice Lipid-Regulating Drugs
- 3.1.2 Statin Drugs Are Significant Market for Leading Pharmaceutical
Companies
- 3.1.3 Lipitor A Second-Generation 3-hydroxy-3-methygulutaryl
coenzyme A (HMGCoA) Reductase Inhibitor Gold Standard Drug
- 3.2 Posology And Method of Administration of Lipitor
- 3.2.1 Primary Hypercholesterolaemia and Combined (Mixed)
Hyperlipidaemia In Adults And Children aged 10-17 years
- 3.2.1.1 Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in Adults and
Children aged 10-17 years
- 3.2.1.2 Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in Adults and
Children aged 10-17 years
- 3.2.1.3 Lipitor Dosage in Patients With Renal Insufficiency
- 3.2.1.4 Lipitor Dosage in Patients With Hepatic Dysfunction
- 3.2.1.5 Lipitor Dosage in Geriatric
4 Lipitor World Market Analysis
- 4.1 Lipid-regulating/ Anti-Atheroma Preparations Is The Largest In
Cardiovascular System Market
- 4.1.1 Pfizer Is The Leader In Cardiovascular Pharmaceuticals
- 4.1.2 Cholesterol And Triglycerides Reduction Drugs Generate Highest
Individual Sales
- 4.1.3 The US Market For Cholesterol and Triglyceride Drugs Sees The
largest Sales
- 4.2 Lipitor (Atorvastatin) Revenue Dominates all Cholesterol &
Triglyceride Drugs
- 4.2.1 Lipitor Sales in North America, Europe, Africa, Asia &
Australasia and Latin America
- 4.2.1.1 Lipitor Sales are Most Significant In US
- 4.2.1.2 Lipitor Drives Sales For Cholesterol & Triglyceride Reducers
In The EU Market
- 4.2.1.3 UK is Lipitor' s Largest Market In Europe
- 4.2.1.4 Lipitor Sales Decline in France
- 4.2.1.5 Lipitor Sales Grow By 10% In 2006
- 4.2.1.6 Lipitor Experiences Strong Market Growth In Italy
- 4.2.1.7 Lipitor Year-on-Year Sales Decline Continued In Germany
- 4.2.1.8 Japan is Lipitor' s Strongest Market in Africa, Asia &
Australasia
- 4.3 Lipitor' s Faces Competitions From Key Rivals In Major Markets
- 4.3.1 Lipitor' s Prescription Volume Eroded Steeply Due To Generic
Statins
- 4.3.2 AstraZeneca' s Crestor, Merck & Co and Schering Plough' s
Vytorin Dampens Lipitor' s Market Share
- 4.3.3 Head-to-Head Clinical Study Proves Lipitor to Be More Potent
Than Crestor
- 4.3.4 Vytorin A Strong Contender For Market Share With Lipitor
During Near-Term
- 4.4 Pfizer' s Lipitor Challenge With Ranbaxy Will Have Significant
Implications On Future Sales
- 4.5 US WellPoint Demonstrates Generic Statins- Lovastatin,
Simvastatin And Pravastatin To Elicit Cardiovascular Benefits
- 4.6 Lipitor Global Sales Forecast 2008-2023
- 4.6.1 Lipitor' s Five New Indications Will Be key To Sales Growth
After Patent Expiration
- 4.6.2 Lipitor Major Market Sales Forecast 2008-2023
- 4.6.3 US Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
- 4.6.4 Japan Lipitor Market Forecast 2008-2023
- 4.6.5 EU Lipitor Market Forecast 2008-2023
- 4.6.6 UK Lipitor Market Forecast 2008-2023
- 4.6.7 France Lipitor Market Forecast 2008-2023
- 4.6.8 Spain Lipitor Market Forecast 2008-2023
- 4.6.9 Italy Lipitor Market Forecast 2008-2023
- 4.6.10 Germany Lipitor Market Forecast 2008-2023
- 4.7 Lipitor Competes With Other Non-Statin Drugs
- 4.7.1 Bristol Myers Questran Is leading Anion Exchange Resin
- 4.7.2 MSD and Schering-Plough' s Ezetrol An Adjunct Therapy for
Inhibiting Absorption of Cholesterol
- 4.7.3 Fibrates Constitute A Significant Market
- 4.7.4 Niaspan Is Key Nicotinic Acid Competitor To Lipitor
- 4.7.5 Simcor- Niaspan And Generic Simivastatin Will Increase Lipitor
Competition
- 4.7.6 US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Sponsors Niaspan
And Simvastatin AIM-HIGH Study
- 4.7.7 Fish Oils Industry A Growing Market and A deterrent To Lipitor
Growth
- 4.8 Pfizer Has Large Resources To Promo
5. Lipitor' s Key Patent Challenges
- 5.1 Patent Expiration is the Major Driver in All Generic Markets
- 5.2 The US Has The Largest Generics Market
- 5.3 The US and European Regulation of Generic Drugs
- 5.4 Pfizer' s Lipitor Patent Protection Sets Benchmark In
Pharmaceutical Industry For Protecting Brands
- 5.5 Pfizer Struggles To Block Early Generic Lipitor Market Entry
- 5.6 The Hatch-Waxman Act, Patent Expiration and the Promotion of
Generic Drugs: Title I of the Act
- 5.6.1 Ranbaxy To Benefit From The Hatch-Waxman Title I
- 5.6.2 US First To Market 180-Day Exclusivity Period Incentive Will
Be Key To Rambaxy' s Initial Sales Success of Generic Atorvastatin
- 5.7 Ranbaxy Receives Favourable Lipitor Decisions in Key EU Markets
- 5.7.1 Federal Patent Court of Germany Revokes Lipitor Patent
- 5.8 Lipitor Expanding Patent Contention
- 5.8.1 Pfizer Versus Teva Pharmaceuticals' ANDA For Generic
Atorvastatin
- 5.8.2 Pfizer Versus Cobalt Pharmaceuticals For Atorvastatin Sodium A
Potentially Marketable Product
- 5.8.3 Pfizer Vs Apotex Generic Atorvastatin In Canada
- 5.9 Ranbaxy Will Cover Cost of Legal Challenges From Sales of
Atorvastatin in Key Markets
6 Lipitor- Product Life Cycle Management (PML)
- 6.1 Pfizer To Use Product Lifecycle Management to Drive Sales of
Lipitor
- 6.2 Pfizer' s Prominent PLM Is Caduet- "uber-pill", a combination of
Lipitor And Norvasc
- 6.2.1 Caduet Sales Rises Significantly By 99% in 2006
- 6.3 Pfizer' s Torcetrapib- The Lipitor Follow-Up Drug Fails To
Deliver
- 6.4 Pfizer Lipitor and Peripheral Vascular Diseases
- 6.5 Pfizer' s LEAD Trial investigates Lipitor in Combination with
Aricept in AD patients
- 6.6. Other Lipitor Significant Clinical Studies
- 6.6.1 Lipitor Pre-Clinical Data
- 6.6.1.1 Atorvastatin Proves to be More Liver Selective Than Pravastatin
- 6.6.2 Atorvastastin Clinical Data
- 6.6.2.1 Atorvastatin Was Tolerated in Healthy Volunteers
- 6.7 Cardiovascular Disease
- 6.7.1 Ten milligram (10 mg) of Atorvastatin Has Significant Effect
Lipid-Lowering Ability
- 6.7.2 Coronary Artery Disease-AVERT (Atorvastatin Versus
Revascularization Treatment)
- 6.7.3 Ten milligram (10 mg) Atorvastatin is Effective in Australian
Atorvastatin Assessment Study
- 6.7.4 Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Aggressive Cholesterol
Lowering (MIRACL) Study
- 6.7.5 ASCOT trial Demonstrates Atorvastatin to Reduce Risk of Heart
Attack Induced by Hypertension
- 6.7.6 Head-To-Head REVERSAL Trial Demonstrates that Highest Dose of
Atorvastatin, Halted Atherosclerosis
- 6.7.7 Post-Hoc Analysis in Treating New Targets (TNT ) Trial
Demonstrates Atorvastatin 80 mg with Less Cardiovascular Events Than 10 mg
dose
- 6.7.8 Atorvastatin - Incremental Decrease in Endpoints Through
Aggressive Lipid Lowering (IDEAL) Trial Reveals Significantly Fewer Risk
of Secondary Heart Attacks
- 6.7.9 CARDS study (Collaborative AtoRvastatin Diabetes Study)-Shows
Marked Reduction in Percentages Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Diabetes
Patients
- 6.7.10 SPARCL study (Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in
Cholesterol Study)
- 6.7.11 Atorvastatin Lowers Cardiovascular Disease By a Significant
Percentage
- 6.8 Paediatric Studies Demonstrated Significant Therapeutic
benefits of Lipitor
- 6.9 Lipitor Post Marketing Studies
7 Lipitor Competitor Studies & Pipeline
- 7.1 Lipitor worldwide clinical studies
- 7.2 Competitor Agents in Development
- 7.2.1 Abbott And AstraZeneca' s Developmental Fibrate /Cholesterol
reducing Agent Shows Significant Potential
- 7.2.2 First Horizon' s Fenofibrate (Triglide) And Aegerion' s MTP
Inhibitor (AEGR 733)
8 Lipitor SWOT Analysis
- 8.1 Lipitor First Drug of Choice For Cholesterol Treatment
- 8.2 Lipid Regulator Market Will Continue to Generate High Revenues
- 8.3 An Expanding Patient Population Constitutes the Principal
Driver in the Statins Market
- 8.4 Changes to Treatment Guidelines in US and Europe Can
Benefit Sales Of Lipitor
- 8.5 The US Market Will Continue To Be Key for Lipitor' s Sales Growth
- 8.6 Generic Rivals Will Drive The Erosion of Lipitor' s Market Share
- 8.6.1 The US has the Largest Generics Market
- 8.6.2 Generic Statins A Growing Presence In The US Market
- 8.6.3 Rising Generic Uptake in Key EU Markets Will Impact On Lipitor
Sales
- 8.6.4 Generic Statins Potential Threat To Lipitor Growth As They
Become Mainstay In Japan
- 8.7 Pfizer And Astellas Reach Lipitor Settlement In Japan
- 8.8 US and EU Two -Year Statin Approval Timelines Increase
Competitiveness
- 8.9 Lipitor A Testimony of The Crumbling Blockbuster Business Model
- 8.10 Pfizer Will Need Strategies That Will Yield High ROI After
Lipitor' s Patent Expiration
- 8.11 New Reformulation Will be Significant To Drive Lipitor' s
Long-Term Revenues
- 8.12 Liptor Still Has Significant Developmental Possibilities
- 8.13 Lipitor' s Prominent Indications For Diverse Cardiovascular and
Metabolic Areas Will be Significant For Future Sales
- 8.14 Lipitor Significant Trial Results Will Drive Sales
- 8.15 Is Pfizer' s Lipitor Success Repeatable?
- 8.16 US House of Democrats Investigate Lipitor' s Director-To-Customer
Advertisement Campaign
- 8.17 OTC Simvastatin Adds To Lipitor' s Competition
- 8.18 Anti-Counterfeiting Initiatives Will Safeguard Lipitor in
Emerging Markets
- 8.19 Lipitor Will Face Pricing Competition From Generic
Statins
9 Conclusion
- 9.1 Lipitor (Atorvastatin) - The Cholesterol Reducing Drug
- 9.2 Lipid-regulating Drugs Generate The Highest Revenues In
Cardiovascular Market
- 9.3 Statin Drugs Are Significant Market for Leading Pharmaceutical
Companies
- 9.4 Lipitor (Atorvastatin) Is The World' s Highest Selling Drug
- 9.5 Lipitor Sales Are Most Significant In the US Market
- 9.5.1 Lipitor Sales in other Key Markets
- 9.5.2 Lipitor Global Sales Forecast 2008-2023
- 9.6 Lipitor' s Faces Competition From Key Rivals
- 9.7 Non-Statin Drug Therapies Market Expands
- 9.8 Pfizer Using Product Lifecycle Management to Drive Sales of
Lipitor
- 9.9 Caduet Positioned To Experience Strong Sales After Lipitor
Expiration
- 9.10 Ranbaxy' s Successsful Patent Lawsuits Against Pfizer In Key
Markets Will Be Costly To Lipitor' s Future Sales
- 9.11 Visiongain Concludes that Loyalty from Pfizer and Brand
"Lipitor' s" Key Stakeholders Will Confer Future Sales
List of Tables
- Table 2.1 Lipoprotein Patterns (Fredrickson Phenotypes)
- Table 2.2 Genetic Variations In Dyslipidaemia
- Table 2.3 Obese Population in Major Countries by Percentage (%)
- Table 4.1 Sales Distribution of Cardiovascular Disease Market,
2006
- Table 4.2 Leading Companies in Cardiovascular Market, 2006
- Table 4.3 Sales Distribution of Leading Anti-Atheroma Therapies,
2006
- Table 4.4 Leading Markets In Cholesterol and Triglyceride Drugs
- Table 4.5 Global Sales of Top Ten Leading Statin Drugs, 2006
- Table 4.6 Market Share of Lipitor in leading Markets, 2003-2006
- Table 4.7 Lipitor Sales in Key EU Markets, 2003-2006
- Table 4.8 Comparison of Effects on Cholesterol Levels
- Table 4.9 Comparison of Dose Effects on LDL Cholesterol (LDL-C)
- Table 4.10 Lipitor (Atorvastatin) Patents Expiration In Major
Markets
- Table 4.11 Lipitor Global Sales Forecast 2008-2023
- Table 4.12 US Lipitor Global Sales Forecast 2008-2023
- Table 4.13 Japan Lipitor Global Sales Forecast 2008-2023
- Table 4.14 UK Lipitor Global Sales Forecast 2008-2023
- Table 4.15 France Lipitor Global Sales Forecast 2008-2023
- Table 4.16 Spain Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
- Table 4.17 Italy Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
- Table 4.18 Lipitor Sales In Germany, 2003-2006
- Table 4.19 Germany Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
- Table 4.20 Leading Fibrate Drugs, 2006
- Table 4.21 Leading Anti-atheroma Preparations Of Natural Origin
(Fish Oil Products), 2006
- Table 5.1 The Top Ten US Generic Drugs by Revenue ($m) and
Units, 2006
- Table 5.2 US Top Ten Generic Drugs as a Function of Combined
Branded and Generic Drugs by Prescription Number (m) and Revenues ($m),2006
- Table.5.3 Prescription Number (m), 2004 Top 10 Generic Drugs,
Dispensed by Prescriptions in the US, 2006
- Table 5.4 Lipitor (Atorvastatin) Patents In Major Markets
- Table 5.5 Ranbaxy /Pfizer (Atorvastatin) Patents Challenges In
Other Markets
- Table 6.1 Pfizer Post Marketing Lipitor Studies
- Table 6.2 Pfizer' s Lipitor Phase III Studies
- Table 7.1 Competitors Post Marketing Cardiovascular Agents
Studies Including Lipitor
- Table 7.2 Competitors Comparative Phase III Cardiovascular
Agents Including Lipitor
- Table 7.3 Competitors Comparative Phase II Cardiovascular Agents
Including Lipitor
- Table 7.4 Competitors Comparative Phase I Cardiovascular Agents
Including Lipitor
- Table 7.5 Competitors Other Comparative Cardiovascular Agents
Including Lipitor
- Table 8.1 Lipitor Market SWOT Analysis
List of Figures
- Figure 1.1 Market Shares of Leading Statin Drugs, 2006
- Figure 1.2 Lipitor Sales in key leading markets, 2003-2006
- Figure 1.3 Lipitor Market Share in key leading markets, 2003-2006
- Figure 4.1 Sales Distribution of Cardiovascular Disease Market,
2006
- Figure 4.2 Leading Companies in Cardiovascular Market, 2006
- Figure 4.3 Sales Distribution of Leading Anti-Atheroma Therapies,
2006
- Figure 4.4 Leading Markets Share In Cholesterol and Triglyceride
Drugs
- Figure 4.5 Sales Distribution of Top Ten Leading Statin Drugs,
2006
- Figure 4.6 Sales Distribution of Top Five Leading Statin Drugs,
2006
- Figure 4.7 Market Share of Lipitor in leading Markets, 2006
- Figure 4.8 Lipitor Sales in Key EU Market, 2006
- Figure 4.9 Market Share of Lipitor in Key EU Market, 2006
- Figure 4.10 Lipitor Global Sales Forecast 2008-2023
- Figure 4.11 US Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
- Figure 4.12 Japan Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
- Figure 4.13 UK Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
- Figure 4.14 France Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
- Figure 4.15 Spain Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
- Figure 4.16 Italy Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
- Figure 4.17 Lipitor Sales In Germany, 2003-2006
- Figure 4.18 Germany Lipitor Market Forecasts 2008-2023
Organisations mentioned in this report:
- Abant Izzet Baysal University
- Abbott
- Actavis
- Aegerion Pharmaceuticals
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy
- American Heart Association
- and Cardiovascular Health
- Apotex
- ASKA Pharmaceutical
- Astellas
- AstraZeneca
- Basic GmbH
- Beside Health
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre
- Biovail
- Boston University
- Bristol Myers Squibb
- Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital
- Canadian Heart Research Centre
- Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital
- Chiesi
- Children' s Hospital of Philadelphia
- Children' s Mercy Hospital Kansas City
- Cipla
- CNAM (Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers)
- Cobalt Pharmaceuticals
- Daiichi Sankyo
- Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation
- DiObex
- Emory University
- FDA Office of Orphan Products Development
- First Horizon
- Gedeon Richter
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Global Pharmaceuticals
- Hartford Hospital,CT USA
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
- Japan Foundation for the Promotion of International Medical Research
Cooperation
- Kaken
- Korea University Anam Hospital
- Kos Pharmaceuticals
- LifeCycle Pharma
- Lupin
- M.D. Anderson Cancer Centre
- Maine Centre for Lipids
- Masaryk University
- Mayo Clinic
- McGill University Health Centre
- Medical College of Wisconsin
- Medical Research Council
- Medical University of South Carolina
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering
- Merck & Co
- Merck KGaA
- Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland
- MSD
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- National Centre for Research Resources (NCRR)
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- National Science Council, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University Hospital
- New York University School of Medicine
- NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde
- Nobel
- Novartis
- Ontario Association of Optometrists
- Ontario Thoracic Society
- OrbusNeich
- Par Pharmaceuticals
- Park-Davis
- Penn State University
- Pfizer
- Pharma Nord
- Queen' s University
- Queen' s University
- R&D Cardiologie UMC Utrecht
- Radboud University
- Ranbaxy
- Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet
- Roche
- Samsung Medical Centre
- Sanofi-Aventis
- Schering Plough
- Sciele
- Servier
- Seven Seas
- Shenyang Northern Hospital
- Shenyang Northern Hospital
- Silesian School of Medicine
- SkyePharm
- Solvay
- St Vincent' s University Hospital, Ireland
- St. Michael' s Hospital, Toronto
- Stanford University
- Sun Pharma
- Tanabe
- Teijan
- Teofarma
- Teva Pharmaceuticals
- The Centre for Rheumatic Disease Allergy, & Immunology Saint Luke' s
Hospital
- The Cleveland Clinic
- The Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation
- The Hospital of Vestfold
- The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
- The Physicians' Services Incorporated Foundation
- Toronto Ophthalmological Society
- Università degli Studi dell' Insubria
- University Hospital, Brest
- University Hospital, Motol
- University of Calgary Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario
- University of California
- University of Campinas
- University of Chicago
- University of Florida
- University of Glasgow
- University of North Carolina
- University of Oslo
- University of Oslo School of Pharmacy
- University of Toronto
- University of Wisconsin, Madison
- VU University Medical Centre
- Warner-Lambert
- WellPoint
- Yokohama City University Medical Centre
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