汽車用牽引電池市場:新的淘金熱(2012∼2022年) 是由出版商IDTechEx Ltd.在2012年04月所出版的。
這份英文市場調查報告書包含283Pages 價格從美金3995起跳。
有數個市場不受全球金融危機的影響依舊展現急速成長,汽車牽引電池市場就是其中之一,由於政府與企業的投資以及新型電動汽車的登場而使市場活性化。
本報告書為電動車以及混合燃料汽車用牽引電池市場之相關調査分析、各種技術種類概要・選項・開發動向・課題、基礎設施環境、政府支援、主要開發・製造業者的簡介、混合動力汽車、電動車、牽引電池市場成長預測等,概述如下。
第1章 總綱以及結論
第2章 導論
- 其他電動車的成功
- 路上電動車的悲哀歷史
- 理想的汽車用牽引電池
- 牽引電池成果與問題
- 設計檢討事項
- 充電基礎設施
- 政府支援
第3章 化學・物理・電動的選項之比較
- 電化學的選項
- 鉛酸的改善
- Department of Energy評價
- NEDO的評價
- 鋰電池的改善方法
- 具有本質性安全性的鋰電池
- 「Supercabattery」
- 價格上昇的弱材料
第4章 新世代鋰牽引電池之進化
第5章 安全性選項
第6章 開發・製造業者41家的簡介
第7章 市場預測:混合動力汽車以及電動車(2010-2020年)
- 汽車生產
- 汽車與原油
- 混合動力汽車
- 市場預測:2010-2020年
- 純電動車
- 總市場
- 與混合動力的競爭
- 高爾夫車之外的市場
- 高爾夫車市場
- 燃料電池EV
市場預測:汽車用牽引電池
- 汽車用牽引電池市場概要:2010-2020年
- 購買替換市場:2010-2020年
- 過去統計
- NEV市場
- 技術動向
- 汽車用牽引電池的表現:2009-2020年
用語
附錄
Abstract
“The market for car traction batteries will be over $54 billion in 2022”
Report Statistics
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- Last update: April 2012
- Forecasts to: 2022
- Total Number of Pages: 283
- Total Number of Tables: 34
- Total Number of Figures: 98
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Description
New market for batteries that propel hybrid and pure electric cars
This report is intended for industrialists, investors, market researchers,
legislators and others interested in the large new market now being created
for batteries that propel hybrid and pure electric cars along the road. It
will also inform those studying associated technology and industrial and
government initiatives and legislation. The report is suitable for the non
technical reader, with introductory appendices and glossary for those new to
the subject. However, there are many comparison graphs, tables and sections
concerning technical aspects, so those with appropriate technical training
will find much to interest them as well.
Few markets have ignored the global financial meltdown and continued to grow
extremely rapidly. Car traction batteries are one of these, so it is not
surprising that they are referred to as the new gold rush. It is now powered
by huge government and corporate investment and a flood of exciting new models
of electric car.
One way of prospering in a gold rush is to “get there first and sell
shovels” and, in this report, we do cover the supply of key materials,
such as lithium and lanthanum, for the new types of battery that are rapidly
being adopted. We also compare the different options of chemistry and
construction and the nanotechnology and other materials skills being brought
to bear. These are the shovels. However, the main emphasis in this report is
on detailed forecasting by application, region etc of both the new cars and
the batteries that go in them, including prices and numbers. There are also
detailed profiles of over 50 organisations and their alliances involved in
these batteries. Many are putting down the “entry fee” of one
billion dollars to have a chance of being a world leader in traction batteries
for cars.
This report leads you to commercial success. It is the only up to date,
comprehensive reference book on car traction batteries worldwide. Researched
by a team that has been studying the market for ten years, the report is
frequently updated because the subject is moving so fast. You will therefore
get the very latest version when you place your order.
The market for car traction batteries will be over $54 billion in 2022. How do
we get there? Who will be the leading supplier? Who has the best chemistry and
the largest financial commitment? Who has the largest amount of appropriate
experience and who has their batteries designed into what new cars? What small
companies would be interesting acquisitions and what are the objectives of the
giant corporations entering part of this value chain for the first time? It is
all here, pulled together with summary tables, graphs and illustrations and no
equations. This is a high stakes game that will be key to saving the planet
and the car industry and those hit by dependence on declining oil reserves.
Appropriately, it has been said that, “In future, the battery is the
car”. The winning supplier will create a new, highly profitable ten
billion dollar activity and there will be many prospering niche players and
materials and technology suppliers.
Table of Contents
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
- 1.1. The decade of hybrid vehicles
- 1.2. Total car traction battery market value 2012-2022
- 1.3. The market for traction batteries for new cars
- 1.4. Cells - modules - battery packs
- 1.5. Replacement car traction battery pack market 2010-2020
- 1.5.1. Lithium polymer electrolyte now important
- 1.5.2. Winning chemistry
- 1.5.3. Winning lithium traction battery manufacturers
- 1.5.4. Making lithium batteries safe
- 1.6. Fuel cells
- 1.7. Traction batteries today
- 1.7.1. Envia breakthrough in 2012
- 1.8. How to improve lithium car traction batteries
- 1.9. Expected car traction battery improvement 2009-2020
- 1.10. Other potential winners
2. INTRODUCTION
- 2.1. Success with other EVs
- 2.2. Sad history of on-road electric cars then a tipping point
- 2.2.1. Why on-road cars are so very different
- 2.2.2. Dramatic tipping point in 2009 - the market comes alive
- 2.2.3. Consumer acceptance of the latest hybrids
- 2.2.4. Rapid recent progress with pure electric vehicles
- 2.3. The ideal car traction battery
- 2.3.1. All hybrids
- 2.3.2. Mild hybrids
- 2.3.3. Plug in hybrids
- 2.3.4. Pure electric vehicles
- 2.3.5. Recent progress
- 2.4. Traction battery achievements and problems so far
- 2.4.1. Batteries for the best seller - the Prius hybrid
- 2.4.2. China resurgent
- 2.4.3. Specifications
- 2.4.4. Changfeng hybrid
- 2.4.5. Bright Automotive hybrid
- 2.4.6. Chevrolet Volt hybrid
- 2.4.7. Pure electric family cars - the race for range
- 2.4.8. New Power of China pure electric
- 2.4.9. BYD of China pure electric and hybrid
- 2.4.10. Tesla pure electric
- 2.4.11. Lightning pure electric
- 2.4.12. Subaru Stella pure electric
- 2.4.13. Nissan Leaf
- 2.5. Design considerations
- 2.5.1. Future evolution of hybrids and pure electric cars
- 2.5.2. Battery performance over time - battery life
- 2.5.3. Battery state of charge
- 2.5.4. Depth of discharge affects life
- 2.5.5. Capacity rating
- 2.5.6. Daily depth of discharge
- 2.5.7. Charging and discharging rates
- 2.5.8. Plug in requirements align with pure electric cars
- 2.5.9. Hybrids need power and pure electrics need capacity - for now
- 2.5.10. Parallel hybrids differ
- 2.5.11. Plug in hybrids try to be the best of both worlds
- 2.5.12. Watt hours per mile
- 2.5.13. Charging rates
- 2.5.14. Custom packaging
- 2.6. Charging infrastructure
- 2.6.1. Need for standard connection
- 2.6.2. Need for widespread charging infrastructure
- 2.6.3. Battery changing as an alternative, Volt, e-Smart, Bee
- 2.7. Government support
- 2.7.1. The Chinese billions
- 2.7.2. The Obama billions
3. CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND ELECTRICAL OPTIONS COMPARED
- 3.1. Comparison of electrochemical options
- 3.1.1. Volumetric vs gravimetric energy density
- 3.1.2. Supercapacitors can help
- 3.1.3. Lithium challenges
- 3.1.4. Lead acid is simple
- 3.1.5. Needs
- 3.2. Lead acid improvement
- 3.2.1. Bipolar lead acid
- 3.2.2. Nickel metal hydride
- 3.2.3. Sodium
- 3.2.4. Zinc air
- 3.2.5. The many lithium options
- 3.2.6. Lithium polymer electrolyte now important
- 3.2.7. Genuinely Solid State Traction Batteries
- 3.3. Department of Energy evaluation
- 3.4. New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
evaluation
- 3.5. How to improve lithium-ion batteries
- 3.5.1. View of US Department of Energy panel of experts
- 3.5.2. Improving the charge-discharge speed of lithium-ion batteries
- 3.5.3. Improving life
- 3.6. Intrinsically safe lithium-ion batteries
- 3.6.1. Intrinsically safe against fire
- 3.6.2. Intrinsically safe against over charging
- 3.6.3. Trends in energy storage vs battery pack voltage
- 3.7. Supercabatteries
- 3.8. Materials vulnerable to price hikes
- 3.8.1. Lithium
- 3.8.2. Lanthanum
4. PROGRESS WITH NEW GENERATION LITHIUM TRACTION BATTERIES
- 4.1. Introduction
- 4.2. Lithium manganese
- 4.3. Lithium iron phosphate
- 4.3.1. Recharging breakthrough
- 4.4. Lithium air and lithium metal
- 4.5. Lithium sulfur
5. SAFETY OPTIONS
- 5.1. Preventing explosion or fire
- 5.2. Preventing radiation
- 5.3. Electric shock
- 5.4. Poisonous gas
6. PROFILES OF 41 DEVELOPERS AND PRODUCERS
- 6.1. A123Systems USA with GE USA and Fisker
- 6.1.1. GE has its own battery plant
- 6.2. Advanced Battery Technologies (ABAT) China
- 6.3. Altair Nanotechnologies (Altairnano) USA
- 6.4. Automotive Energy Supply Japan, NEC, Nissan
- 6.5. Axeon UK
- 6.6. BASF Germany and Sion Power USA
- 6.6.1. BASF licenses Argonne Lab's cathode material
- 6.7. Blue Energy, Lithium Energy Japan - GS Yuasa Japan with Honda,
Mitsubishi
- 6.8. Bollore France and Pininfarina
- 6.9. BYD China with Volkswagen etc
- 6.9.1. Volkswagen
- 6.9.2. Car superlatives
- 6.9.3. Plans for the USA
- 6.10. China BAK in China
- 6.11. Coda Battery Systems, Lio Energy Systems, Yardney USA, Tianjin
Lishen China
- 6.12. Continental Germany and ENAX Japan
- 6.13. East Penn Manufacturing Corporation
- 6.14. Electrovaya Canada
- 6.15. EnerDel USA and Nissan
- 6.15.1. US DOE grant
- 6.15.2. Impressive production facility
- 6.15.3. Fireproof lithium
- 6.15.4. Link with Nissan
- 6.16. Enerize USA and Fife Batteries UK
- 6.17. Envia Systems USA
- 6.18. Evonik Industries Germany and Daimler
- 6.19. Furukawa Battery Japan
- 6.20. Hitachi Japan
- 6.21. IBM and National laboratories USA
- 6.22. Inci Holding Turkey
- 6.23. KD Advanced Battery Group Dow USA Kokam Korea
- 6.24. LG Chem Korea with Compact Power, GM etc
- 6.25. LiFeBATT Taiwan
- 6.26. Lithium Technology Corporation/GAIA USA
- 6.27. MAGNA STEYR AG & Co KG
- 6.28. Mitsubishi Japan with Sumitomo Japan
- 6.29. Next Alternative Germany, Micro Bubble Technology Korea
- 6.30. Panasonic EV Energy, Sanyo Japan with Toyota, Volkswagen
- 6.30.1. 112 billion dollar merger
- 6.30.2. Panasonic EV Energy
- 6.30.3. Toyota demand
- 6.30.4. NiMH leadership, potential lithium leadership
- 6.31. Planar Energy Devices
- 6.32. PolyPlus Battery USA
- 6.33. PowerGenix USA
- 6.34. ReVolt Technologies Ltd Switzerland
- 6.35. Saft France, Johnson Controls USA, with Ford, BMW, Daimler
- 6.35.1. Saft
- 6.35.2. Johnson Controls
- 6.35.3. Joint venture
- 6.36. Sakti3 USA and General Motors
- 6.37. SB LiMotive Co. Ltd - Samsung Korea with Bosch Germany
- 6.38. Sony Japan
- 6.39. Superlattice Power USA
- 6.40. Toshiba Japan
- 6.41. Valence Technologies USA
7. MARKET FORECASTS FOR HYBRID AND PURE ELECTRIC CARS 2010-2020
- 7.1. Car production
- 7.2. Cars and crude oil
- 7.2.1. Technical progress
- 7.3. Hybrid cars
- 7.3.1. History of hybrid car sales
- 7.4. Forecasts 2010-2020
- 7.5. Pure EVs
- 7.5.1. Total market
- 7.5.2. Will sales of pure electric cars overtake hybrids?
- 7.5.3. Market excluding golf cars
- 7.5.4. Golf cars
- 7.5.5. Fuel cell EVs
APPENDIX 1: INTRODUCTION TO BATTERIES
APPENDIX 2: INTRODUCTION TO SUPERCAPACITORS
APPENDIX 3: IDTECHEX PUBLICATIONS AND CONSULTANCY
TABLES
- 1.1. Comparison of the price, performance, safety compromise of
lithium-ion traction battery packs
- 1.2. Projection of electric car battery packs (based on one per vehicle)
number thousands, ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars and total
value in billions of dollars 2012-2022, rounded
- 1.3. Number of hybrid and pure electric cars sold and those that plug in
thousands 2012-2022
- 1.4. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars in units, ex
factory price and value 2010-2020
- 1.5. Replacement market for car traction battery packs in value $ million
2010-2020
- 1.6. 71 vertically integrated lithium traction battery cell manufacturers,
their chemistry, cell geometry and customer relationships (not necessarily
orders)
- 1.7. How to reduce the cost and increase the performance of lithium car
traction batteries.
- 1.8. Improvement in cost and performance of hybrid and pure electric
vehicle traction battery packs 2009-2020
- 1.9. Links between Japanese and Korean car manufacturers and lithium
traction battery manufacturers in 2010
- 1.10. Links between European car manufacturers and lithium traction
battery manufacturers in 2010
- 1.11. Links between US and other car manufacturers and lithium traction
battery manufacturers.
- 2.1. Prius NiMH traction battery evolution
- 2.2. Applicants to accelerate the manufacturing and deployment of the next
generation of US batteries and electric vehicles
- 3.1. Properties of metals used in metal air batteries
- 3.2. Examples of energy density figures for batteries, supercapacitors and
other energy sources
- 3.3. Comparison of lead acid and lithium traction batteries in cars
- 3.4. How to reduce the cost and increase the performance of lithium car
traction batteries
- 4.1. Typical lithium iron phosphate traction battery
- 6.1. GS Yuasa Corporation consolidated financial highlights (in billions
of yen unless specified)
- 6.2. BYD financials
- 7.1. Crude oil prices 2003-2008 $/barrel
- 7.2. Global oil reserves, production and life
- 7.3. Global sales of EV cars, including hybrids, pure EVs (including golf
cars), total in thousands of units and ones that can be plugged in 2009-2019
- 7.4. Global sales of EV cars, hybrids, pure EVs and total in value
ex-factory $ billion 2009-2019
- 7.5. Toyota Prius Sales by region 1997-2008 in thousands of units
- 7.6. Prius US sales in units 2000-2008
- 7.7. Estimates for historical global hybrid car sales in units by
territory with % of whole.
- 7.8. Prius US sales in number and percent of US hybrid market
- 7.9. IDTechEx projection for global hybrid car sales by territory
2010-2020 in units and %
- 7.10. Number sold by market leader Toyota of all hybrids globally, market
share and market drivers
- 7.11. IDTechEx projections for global hybrid car sales units as % of total
car sales 2009-2025
- 7.12. Approximate number of hybrid models actual and planned by year 2000
to 2013
- 7.13. Global sales of electric golf cars and motorised golf caddies in
number thousands, ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars and total
value in billions of dollars 2012 to 2022, rounded
- 7.14. Fuel cell EVs compared with battery pure EVs and ICE hybrids
- FIGURES
- 1.1. Projection of electric car battery packs number thousands, 2012-2022,
rounded
- 1.2. Projection of electric car battery packs ex factory unit price in
thousands of dollars, 2012-2022, rounded
- 1.3. Projection of electric car battery packs total value in billions of
dollars 2012-2022, rounded
- 1.4. Number of hybrid and pure electric cars sold in thousands 2012-2022
- 1.5. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars in units
2010-2020
- 1.6. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars ex factory
price 2010-2020
- 1.7. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars value
2010-2020
- 1.8. Comparison of cells, modules and battery packs.
- 1.9. Replacement market for car traction battery packs in value $ million
2010-2020
- 1.10. Approximate percentage of manufacturers offering traction batteries
with less cobalt vs those offering ones with no cobalt vs those offering both.
We also show the number of suppliers that offer lithium iron phosphate
versions.
- 1.11. The UPS 747 that crashed in the UAE with a shipment of lithium
batteries
- 1.12. Possible evolution of affordable, mainstream electric cars showing
the convergence of hybrid and a pure electric technologies.
- 1.13. Prototype gas turbine suitable as range extender
- 1.14. Traction battery pack nominal energy storage vs battery pack voltage
for mild hybrids in red, plug on hybrids in blue and pure electric cars in
green
- 1.15. Volumetric vs gravimetric energy density of batteries used in
vehicles.
- 2.1. Series parallel hybrid by Pieper of Belgium in 1899 - principle of
today's best selling hybrid the Toyota Prius
- 2.2. Toyota Prius NiMH traction battery
- 2.3. Toyota Highlander Hybrid Battery
- 2.4. Changfeng CS7
- 2.5. Zhong Tai pure electric car by New Power of China
- 2.6. The BYD E6 pure electric car
- 2.7. Tesla Motors Roadster pure electric performance car
- 2.8. Tesla battery pack with coolant tubes at bottom.
- 2.9. The Lighting pure electric sports car
- 2.10. Subaru Stella pure electric vehicle
- 2.11. The planned Nissan Leaf pure electric car
- 2.12. Nissan leaf lithium traction batteries
- 2.13. Nissan Leaf charging points
- 2.14. Nissan Leaf dashboard
- 2.15. Possible evolution of affordable, mainstream electric cars showing
the convergence of hybrid and a pure electric technologies
- 2.16. Frazer Nash Namir
- 2.17. Battery specification based on end of life
- 2.18. Car traction battery operating requirements compared
- 2.19. Example of a proposed SAE J1772™ charging interface for cars
- 2.20. Toyota Prius being charged
- 2.21. Chevrolet Volt
- 2.22. Electric Smart car
- 2.23. Bee's Bee. One four-seater compact car with fast change battery
- 3.1. Volumetric vs gravimetric energy density of batteries used in
vehicles.
- 3.2. Energy density vs power density for storage devices
- 3.3. ReVolt comparison of battery parameters with zinc air
- 3.4. Properties of various lithium technologies for traction batteries
compared to zinc air
- 3.5. LiFeBATT 40138 Cell
- 3.6. Traction battery nominal energy storage vs battery pack voltage for
mild hybrids in red, plug on hybrids in blue and pure electric cars in green
- 4.1. Future improvement in power and energy density
- 4.2. Subaru lithium ion manganese battery
- 4.3. Mitsubishi lithium-ion batteries for cars
- 4.4. In wheel system of Mitsubishi
- 4.5. Improved lithium phosphate cathode material in a Petri dish
- 4.6. Lithium air batteries
- 4.7. Li-S Cell Configuration
- 4.8. Ragone plots for different rechargeable systems
- 4.9. Active Materials Transformation Diagram
- 4.10. Prototype lithium sulfur battery by Sion Power
- 5.1. A typical gasoline fire
- 5.2. Laptop fires caused by lithium cobalt batteries
- 5.3. Gasoline powered car after an explosion
- 6.1. Geographical distribution of 50 profiled on-road car traction battery
and technology suppliers and aspiring suppliers excluding companies that are
primarily car manufacturers
- 6.2. Chevrolet Volt lithium-ion battery
- 6.3. Chrysler electric minivan
- 6.4. Altairnano view of some of the primary performance advantages of its
lithium traction batteries
- 6.5. Pininfarina Bollore B0 electric car powered by Bollore lithium
polymer batteries
- 6.6. LEV electric car by Qingyuan Motors
- 6.7. Continental lithium ion traction battery
- 6.8. Safety testing of Continental lithium ion traction batteries.
- 6.9. East Penn lead acid battery for golf cars
- 6.10. Hummer H3 ReEV Lithium Ion SuperPolymer battery pack made by
Electrovaya.
- 6.11. Enerdel traction battery
- 6.12. Furukawa Cycle-service storage battery for Golf Cars
- 6.13. 25Ah lithium-ion battery cell for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.
- 6.14. Smith electric vehicle
- 6.15. LiFeBatt manufacture
- 6.16. Figure Magna Steyr traction battery pack capability
- 6.17. Magna Steyr energy battery for pure electric and plug in hybrid cars
- 6.18. Magna Steyr power battery for hybrid cars
- 6.19. Toshiba e-bike battery
- 7.1. Global bicycle and car production millions
- 7.2. US oil production and imports
- 7.3. Global sales of EV cars, hybrids, pure EVs and total in numbers
2009-2019
- 7.4. Global sales of EV cars, hybrids, pure EVs and total in value
ex-factory $ billion 2009-2019
- 7.5. Toyota Prius Sales by region 1997-2008 in thousands of units
- 7.6. US hybrid sales by month showing sharp drop in 2008 and early 2009
- 7.7. Estimates for historical global hybrid car sales in units by
territory with % of whole
- 7.8. Prius US sales in number and percent of US hybrid market
- 7.9. Hybrid vehicle sales by manufacturer 2000-2006
- 7.10. Reported hybrid vehicle sales in the USA as a percentage of total
new light vehicle sales in March 2009
- 7.11. Global hybrid vehicle market by country % 2007
- 7.12. Hybrid vehicle purchases by state in the USA in units 2007
- 7.13. US hybrid vehicle sales by manufacturer % 2007
- 7.14. Hybrid vehicle sales by model
- 7.15. 2006 forecast of total car sales by region 2006/2011 and 2016 in
millions of units
- 7.16. IDTechEx projection for global hybrid car sales by territory
2010-2020 in units and %.
- 7.17. Number sold by market leader Toyota of all hybrids globally and
market drivers
- 7.18. IDTechEx projections for global hybrid car sales units as % of total
car sales
- 7.19. Total sales and hybrids
- 7.20. Global sales of electric golf cars and motorised golf caddies in
number thousands 2012 to 2022, rounded
- 7.21. Global sales of electric golf cars and motorised golf caddies ex
factory unit price in thousands of dollars 2012 to 2022, rounded
- 7.22. Global sales of electric golf cars and motorised golf caddies total
value in billions of dollars 2012 to 2022, rounded
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