無機與複合印刷電子：2010∼2020年

本報告已在2011年08月12日停止出版。

更改為出版

無機及複合印刷電子：2011∼2021年

Inorganic and Composite Printed Electronics 2011-2021

出版日期 : 2012年02月

商品編碼: 208022

簡介

本報告書為據稱在3000億美元規模的印刷電子商務中佔了大部分的精密化學、印刷、製造裝置與電子工學業界的市場機會之評價，包含主要企業簡介與今後10年間的市場預測，概述如下。

總綱與結論

第1章 導論

• 為什麼是印刷電子？
• 印刷電子對傳統電子工學的影響
• 至今的進歩
• 新的無機印刷與・薄膜裝置

第2章 無機電晶體

• 電晶體用的無機複合半導體
• 電晶體用的無機導電體
• Hewlett Packard的aSi背板開放式捲盤
• 紙上無機電晶體
• 邁向p型氧化金屬半導體的進步
• 高移動性的兩極性無機・有機混合電晶體
• 無機・有機混合電晶體與記憶體
• 有機電晶體有將來可言嗎？

第3章 無機太陽電池與熱電

• 矽太陽電池的性能基準與界限
• 太陽電池技術比較
• 矽以外的無機材料
• 無機・有機與碳・有機
• 其他進歩
• 以能源儲存為目的的鈷、磷酸鹽與ITO
• 美國對薄膜Si、CIGS/ZnMnO、DSSC太陽電池之主要融資

第4章 電池與超電容

• 薄脈電池之應用
• 技術與開發業者
• smart skin patch
• 奈米金屬氧化物與碳所製的新型超電容

第5章 傳導體・感測器・特異物質・記憶電阻（Memristor）

• 銀與銦錫氧化物的一般比較
• 傳導體蒸着技術
• 銅印刷在2009年的飛躍
• 傳導墨水
• 新的傳導墨水化學與硬化程序之進步
• RFID標記天線的印刷傳導體
• 廣域感測器與記憶體
• 相轉移記憶體
• 印刷特異物質
• 軟性記憶電阻
• 企業簡介
• Optomec的氣膠噴射印刷
• 無電解鍍金與電流鍍金技術
• 聚合物
• 選項比較
• DPP
• 醫療用無機生物感測器

第6章 奈米晶片與奈米絲

• 奈米晶片
• 奈米晶片+ 墨水 + 紙 = 速成電池
• 碳奈米管與印刷電子
• 印刷電子用碳奈米管開發業者
• 太陽電池的奈米桿
• 氧化亞鉛奈米桿半導體
• 氧化亞鉛奈米雷射
• 氧化亞鉛奈米桿壓電力

第7章 無機・混合顯示器與照明

• AC電激發光
• 感溫變色
• 電流泳動
• 色電流泳動
• 無機LED與混合式OLED
• 量子點照明與顯示器

第8章 企業簡介

第9章　市場機會與預測

• 市場預測：2010年∼2010年
• 材料
• 裝置

附錄

圖表

目錄

Abstract

Description

This unique report assesses the huge opportunities for fine chemicals, printing, production equipment and electronics companies in the largest part of the emerging $300 billion printed electronics business - inorganic materials and composites. Semiconductors, dielectrics, conductors, light emitters etc for displays, photovoltaics, transistors and much more are covered. Company profiles and ten year forecasts are given.

It is often argued that the inorganic options are interim, because the progress is coming to an end whereas organics are "future proof". Nothing could be further from the truth. For conductors with vastly better conductance and cost, for the best printed batteries, for quantum dot devices and for transistor semiconductors with ten times the mobility, look to the new inorganics. That is the emerging world of new nanoparticle metal and alloy inks that are magnitudes superior in cost, conductivity and stability, such as the flexible zinc oxide based transistor semiconductors working at ten times the frequency and with best stability and life, along with many other inorganic materials. Read the world' s only report that pulls all this together in readable form.

This report critically compares the options, the trends and the emerging applications. It is the first in the world to comprehensively cover this exciting growth area. The emphasis is on technology basics, commercialisation and the key players.

This report is suitable for all companies developing or interested in the opportunity of printed or thin film electronics materials, manufacturing technologies or complete device fabrication and integration.

Technologies covered

The report considers inorganic printed and thin film electronics for displays, lighting, semiconductors, sensors, conductors, photovoltaics, batteries and memory giving detailed company profiles not available elsewhere. The coverage is global - with companies from East Asia to Europe to America all included.

The application of the technology in relation to other types such as organic electronics and silicon chips is given, with detailed information clearly summarised in over 160 tables and figures.

Elements being targeted

In order to meet the widening variety of needs for printed and potentially printed electronics, not least in flexible, low cost form, a rapidly increasing number of elements are being brought to bear as illustrated below. Oxides, amorphous mixtures and alloys are particularly in evidence. Even the so-called organic devices such as OLEDs variously employ such materials as B, Al and Ti oxides and nitrides as barrier layers against water and oxygen, Al, Cu, Ag and indium tin oxide as conductors, Ca or Mg cathodes and CoFe nanodots, Ir and Eu in light emitting layers, for example.

This report is essential for all those wishing to understand this technology, the players, opportunities and applications, to ensure they are not surpassed.

Report Statistics

• Pages: 282
• Tables: 51
• Figures: 128
• Forecasts to: 2020
• Last update: April 2010

Table of Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

1. INTRODUCTION

• 1.1. Printed electronics - reasons why
• 1.2. Impact of printed electronics on conventional electronics
• 1.3. Progress so far
  • 1.3.1. The age of silicon
  • 1.3.2. The dream of organic electronics
  • 1.3.3. The example of smart clothing
  • 1.3.4. Slow progress with organic conductors
  • 1.3.5. Boron nitride - tailoring carbon composites
• 1.4. The new inorganic printed and thin film devices
  • 1.4.1. Rapidly widening choice of elements - deja vu
  • 1.4.2. Example - printed lighting
  • 1.4.3. Example - printed photodetectors

2. INORGANIC TRANSISTORS

• 2.1. Inorganic compound semiconductors for transistors
  • 2.1.1. Learning how to print inorganic compound transistors
  • 2.1.2. Zinc oxide based transistor semiconductors and Samsung breakthrough
  • 2.1.3. More work on inorganic transistors: Progress at Evonik
  • 2.1.4. Amorphous InGaZnO
  • 2.1.5. Gallium-indium hydroxide nanoclusters
  • 2.1.6. Gallium arsenide semiconductors for transistors
  • 2.1.7. Transfer printing silicon and gallium arsenide on film
  • 2.1.8. Silicon nanoparticle ink
• 2.2. Inorganic dielectrics for transistors
  • 2.2.1. Solution processed barium titanate nanocomposite
  • 2.2.2. Alternative inorganic dielectrics HafSOx etc
  • 2.2.3. Hybrid inorganic dielectrics - zirconia
  • 2.2.4. Hafnium oxide - latest work
  • 2.2.5. Aluminium, lanthanum and other oxides
• 2.3. Hewlett Packard prints aSi backplanes reel to reel
• 2.4. Inorganic transistors on paper
• 2.5. Progress Towards p-type Metal Oxide Semiconductors
• 2.6. High-Mobility Ambipolar Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Transistors
• 2.7. Hybrid inorganic/organic transistors and memory
  • 2.7.1. Resistive switching
  • 2.7.2. Oxides as anodes
• 2.8. Do organic transistors have a future?

3. INORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS AND THERMOELECTRIC

• 3.1. Performance criteria and limitations of silicon photovoltaics
• 3.2. Comparison of photovoltaic technologies
• 3.3. Non-silicon inorganic options
  • 3.3.1. Lowest cost solar cells - CuSnZnSSe?
  • 3.3.2. Copper Indium Gallium diSelenide (CIGS)
  • 3.3.3. Gallium arsenide
  • 3.3.4. Gallium arsenide - germanium
  • 3.3.5. Gallium indium phosphide and gallium indium arsenide
  • 3.3.6. Cadmium telluride and cadmium selenide
  • 3.3.7. Bismuth ferrite - new principle of operation
  • 3.3.8. Porous zinc oxide
  • 3.3.9. Polymer-quantum dot devices CdSe, CdSe/ZnS, PbS, PbSe
  • 3.3.10. Cuprous oxide PV
  • 3.3.11. Other inorganic semiconductors for PV
• 3.4. Inorganic-organic and carbon-organic formulations
  • 3.4.1. Titanium dioxide Dye Sensitised Solar Cells (DSSC)
  • 3.4.2. Zinc oxide DSCC photovoltaics
  • 3.4.3. Development of high-performance organic-dye sensitized solar cells
  • 3.4.4. Fullerene enhanced polymers
• 3.5. Other recent advances
• 3.6. Cobalt, phosphate and ITO to store the energy
• 3.7. Major US funding for thin Si, CIGS/ZnMnO, DSSC photovoltaics

4. BATTERIES AND SUPERCAPACITORS

• 4.1. Applications of laminar batteries
• 4.2. Technology and developers
  • 4.2.1. Battery overview
  • 4.2.2. The Paper Battery Co
  • 4.2.3. Nanotecture
  • 4.2.4. CEA Liten
  • 4.2.5. Rocket Electric, Bexel, Samsung, LG Chemicals and micro SKC batteries for Ubiquitous Sensor Networks
  • 4.2.6. Power Paper
  • 4.2.7. Solicore, USA
  • 4.2.8. SCI, USA
  • 4.2.9. Infinite Power Solutions, USA
  • 4.2.10. Blue Spark Technologies USA
  • 4.2.11. Enfucell
  • 4.2.12. Printed battery research
• 4.3. Smart skin patches
• 4.4. Nano metal oxides with carbon create new supercapacitor

5. CONDUCTORS, SENSORS, METAMATERIALS AND MEMRISTORS

• 5.1. Silver, indium tin oxide and general comparisons.
• 5.2. Conductor deposition technologies
• 5.3. 2009 breakthroughs in printing copper
  • 5.3.1. Challenges with copper
  • 5.3.2. University of Helsinki
  • 5.3.3. NanoDynamics
  • 5.3.4. Applied Nanotech Holdings
  • 5.3.5. Samsung Electro-Mechanics
  • 5.3.6. NovaCentrix
  • 5.3.7. Hitachi Chemical
• 5.4. Conductive Inks
• 5.5. Progress with new conductive ink chemistries and cure processes
  • 5.5.1. Novacentrix PulseForge
• 5.6. Printed conductors for RFID tag antennas
  • 5.6.1. Print resolutions required for high performance RFID tag antennas
  • 5.6.2. Process cost comparison
  • 5.6.3. RFID tag manufacture consolidation and leaders in 2009
• 5.7. Printing wide area sensors and their memory: Polyscene, Polyapply, 3Plast, PriMeBits, Motorola
• 5.8. Phase Change Memory
• 5.9. Printing metamaterials
• 5.10. Flexible memristors
• 5.11. Company profiles
  • 5.11.1. ASK
  • 5.11.2. Poly-Flex
  • 5.11.3. Avery Dennison
  • 5.11.4. Sun Chemical (Coates Circuit Products)
  • 5.11.5. Mark Andy
  • 5.11.6. InTune (formerly UPM Raflatac)
  • 5.11.7. Stork Prints
• 5.12. Aerosol jet printing by Optomec
• 5.13. Electroless plating and electroplating technologies
  • 5.13.1. Conductive Inkjet Technology
  • 5.13.1. Hanita Coatings
  • 5.13.2. Omron
  • 5.13.3. Meco
  • 5.13.4. Additive Process Technologies Ltd
  • 5.13.5. Ertek
  • 5.13.6. Leonhard Kurz
• 5.14. Polymer - metal suspensions
• 5.15. Comparison of options
• 5.16. Dry Phase Patterning (DPP)
• 5.17. Inorganic biomedical sensors
• 5.17.1. Disposable blocked artery sensors
  • 5.17.2. Disposable asthma analysis

6. NANOTUBES AND NANOWIRES

• 6.1. Nanotubes
• 6.2. At Stanford, nanotubes + ink + paper = instant battery
• 6.3. Carbon Nanotubes and printed electronics
• 6.4. Developers of Carbon Nanotubes for Printed Electronics
• 6.5. Nanorods in photovoltaics
• 6.6. Zinc oxide nanorod semiconductors
• 6.7. Zinc oxide nano-lasers
• 6.8. Indium oxide nanowires
• 6.9. Zinc oxide nanorod piezo power

7. INORGANIC AND HYBRID DISPLAYS AND LIGHTING

• 7.1. AC Electroluminescent
  • 7.1.1. Electroluminescent and other printed displays
  • 7.1.2. CASE STUDIES: Electroluminescent applications
  • 7.1.3. Rapid Improvements in AC Electroluminescent Displays
• 7.2. Thermochromic
  • 7.2.1. Heat generation and sensitivity
  • 7.2.2. CASE STUDY: Duracell battery testers
• 7.3. Electrophoretic
  • 7.3.1. Background
  • 7.3.2. Applications of E-paper displays
  • 7.3.3. Electrochromic E-Paper using ZnO Nanowire Array
  • 7.3.4. The Killer Application
• 7.4. Colour electrophoretics
• 7.5. Inorganic LED lighting and hybrid OLED
• 7.6. Affordable electronic window shutters
• 7.7. Quantum dot lighting and displays

8. COMPANY PROFILES

• 8.1. Hewlett Packard
• 8.2. Unidym
• 8.3. NanoMas Technologies
• 8.4. Miasole
• 8.5. Konarka
• 8.6. Spectrolab
• 8.7. G24i
• 8.8. Soligie
• 8.9. BASF
• 8.10. DaiNippon Printing
• 8.11. Evonik
• 8.12. InkTec
• 8.13. Samsung
• 8.14. Toppan Printing
• 8.15. Nanogram

9. TIMELINES, SIZING OF OPPORTUNITIES AND MARKET FORECASTS

• 9.1. Market forecasts 2010-2020
• 9.2. Materials
• 9.3. Devices
  • 9.3.1. Photovoltaics
  • 9.3.2. Batteries, displays, etc
  • 9.3.3. Market for printed electronic labels

APPENDIX 1: IDTECHEX PUBLICATIONS AND CONSULTANCY

TABLES

• 1.1. Comparison of thin film silicon and organic thin films as transistor semiconductors.
• 2.1. Comparison of printed polymer ink used in pilot production of organic transistors vs two thin film inorganic semiconductors for transistors vs nanosilicon ink
• 2.2. Some of the organisations developing zinc oxide transistors
• 2.3. Some properties of new thin film dielectrics
• 2.4. Benefits and challenges of R2R electronics fabrication were seen as follows:
• 2.5. Printing choices
• 3.1. Efficiency vs deliverable output power
• 3.2. Efficiencies for thin film solar cells
• 3.3. Technology comparison between inorganic and other photovoltaic cells on plastic film
• 3.4. Summary of some of the important performance criteria for photovoltaics by type
• 3.5. Some recent results for inorganic and organic-fullerene photovoltaic cells
• 3.6. Companies pursuing industrial production of CIGS photovoltaics
• 3.7. Quantum Dots Available
• 3.8. Typical quantum dot materials from Evident and their likely application.
• 3.9. Thin film market share module cost by technology
• 4.1. Some examples of marketing thrust for laminar batteries
• 4.2. Shapes of battery for small RFID tags advantages and disadvantages
• 4.3. Examples of suppliers of coin type batteries by country
• 4.4. The spectrum of choice of technologies for batteries in smart packaging
• 4.5. Examples of potential sources of flexible thin film batteries
• 4.6. Examples of universities and research centres developing laminar batteries
• 4.7. The four generations of delivery skin patches
• 4.8. Examples of drugs and cosmetics applied by company using iontophoresis
• 5.1. Main applications of conductive inks and some major suppliers today
• 5.2. Different options for printing electronics, level of success and examples of companies
• 5.3. Comparison of metal etch (e.g. copper and aluminium) conductor choices
• 5.4. Electroless metal plate - Additive print process with weakly conductive ink (e.g. plastics or carbon) followed by wet metal plating
• 5.5. Electro metal plate - Additive print process with weakly conductive ink (e.g. plastics or carbon) followed by dry metal plating
• 5.6. Printable metallic conductors cure at LT e.g. silver based ink
• 5.7. Parameters for metal ink choices
• 5.8. Market share among suppliers for metal (mainly silver) PTF inks
• 5.9. Examples of companies progressing printed RFID antennas etc
• 5.10. Some companies progressing ink jettable conductors
• 5.11. Process Cost Comparison 1 - low volume - GB £ /sq metre web production - Antenna on substrate only
• 5.12. Cost breakdown of an average RFID tag in 2004 and target
• 5.13. Possibilities for various new printed conductors.
• 6.1. Charge carrier mobility of carbon nanotubes compared with alternatives
• 6.2. Developers of Carbon Nanotubes for Printed Electronics
• 7.1. Advantages and disadvantages of electrophoretic displays
• 7.2. Comparison between OLEDs and E-Ink of various parameters
• 9.1. The market for inorganic versus organic electronics defined by chemistry of key element
• 9.2. Percentage share as a whole of the market 2010-2020
• 9.3. Printed electronics materials and other elements of device income 2010-2020 in billions of dollars
• 9.4. Market for printed and potentially printed electronic devices 2010-2020 in billions of dollars
• 9.5. Statistics for electronic labels and their potential locations

FIGURES

• 1.1. SuperPanoramic cockpit with closable opaque layer - a concept of the US Air Force.
• 1.2. US Warfighter' s back pack must reduce in weight. Wrist displays, printed antennas, batteries, electronics and power generation will be part of this.
• 1.3. The different impact of the new printed electronics on various existing electric and electronic markets
• 1.4. Organic electronics - the dream
• 1.5. Attributes and problems of inorganic, hybrid and organic thin film electronics form a spectrum.
• 1.6. Elements employed in the silicon chip business where blue refers to before the 1990s, green for since the 1990s and red for beyond 2005.
• 1.7. Projections for flexible printed and thin film lighting 2007-2025
• 2.1. Transparent inorganic transistor
• 2.2. Example of ZnO based transistor circuit.
• 2.3. Using a nanolaminate as an e-platform
• 2.4. TEM images of solution processed nanolaminates
• 2.5. Semiconductor development
• 2.6. Target range for mobility and processing temperature of semiconductors
• 2.7. Transfer characteristics of gen3 semiconductor system
• 2.8. Current efficiency of a Novaled PIN OLEDTM stack on an inkjet printed, transparent conductive ITO anode
• 2.9. Cross-sectional schematic view of an amorphous oxide TFT
• 2.10. Transparent and flexible active matrix backplanes fabricated on PEN films
• 2.11. Molecular precursors synthesized at the University of Oregon
• 2.12. Semprius transfer printing
• 2.13. Performance of Kovio' s ink versus others by mobility
• 2.14. Road map
• 2.15. Hybrid organic-inorganic transistor and right dual dielectric transistor
• 2.16. Web as clean room
• 2.17. The basic imprint lithography process
• 2.18. Zinc oxide transistors printed on to paper
• 2.19. SEM image of p-type ZnO nanowires
• 3.1. Wafer vs thin film photovoltaics
• 3.2. Summary of the applicational requirements for the large potential markets
• 3.3. Progress in improving the efficiency of the different types of photovoltaic cell 1975-2005.
• 3.4. CIGS photovoltaic cell configuration that is not yet printed. Nanosolar now prints similar structures reel to reel.
• 3.5. CIGS-CGS absorber layer
• 3.6. Roll to roll production of CIGS on metal or polyimide film
• 3.7. An example of flexible, lightweight CdTe photovoltaics on polymer film
• 3.8. Mass production of flexible thin film electronic devices using the three generations of technology.
• 3.9. A typical DSSC construction
• 3.10. Solar cell researchers
• 3.11. Fullerene-pentacene photovoltaic device
• 3.12. Advantages of Pulse Thermal Processing (PTP)
• 4.1. Inorganic micro-battery development by CEA Liten, illustrating the various chemistries
• 4.2. CEA Liten Li-Ion battery development
• 4.3. The Power Paper battery
• 4.4. The Infinite Power battery is very small
• 4.5. Infinite Power batteries ready for use
• 4.6. Reel to reel printing of TBT batteries.
• 4.7. Carbon zinc thin film battery from Blue Spark Technologies, formerly Thin Battery Technologies.
• 4.8. Examples of smart skin patches.
• 4.9. The Estee Lauder smart cosmetic patch with printed inorganic battery and electrodes launched in 2006 a three pack costing $50 and an eight pack costing $100.
• 4.10. The ultimate dream for smart skin patches for drugs - closed loop automated treatment.
• 4.11. Evolution of smart skin patches
• 5.1. Typical SEM images of Copper flake C1 6000F.
• 5.2. Industrial Inkjet Printhead and nano-Cu ink developed by Samsung Electro-Mechanics
• 5.3. Silver-based ink as printed and after curing
• 5.4. Conductance in ohms per square for the different printable conductive materials compared with bulk metal
• 5.5. Loading for spherical conductive fillers
• 5.6. Typical SEM images of CU flake C1 6000F. Copper flake
• 5.7. Choice of printing technology for RFID antennas today
• 5.8. Projected tag assembly costs from Alien Technology in US Cents for volumes of several billions of tags
• 5.9. How negative refractive index works
• 5.10. How to make a working printed metamaterial
• 5.11. Printed metal patterning to form metamaterial
• 5.12. Flexible memristor
• 5.13. Meco' s Flex Antenna Plating (FAP) machine
• 5.14. APT' s FFD prototype can operate faster than 20 meters per minute.
• 5.15. Additive Process Technologies 2 stage process
• 5.16. Additive Process Technologies antenna cost
• 5.17. New technology to make conductive patterns
• 5.18. Dry Phase Patterned inductor
• 6.1. Properties and morphology of single walled carbon nanotubes
• 6.2. Nanotube shrink-wrap from Unidym
• 6.3. Zinc oxide nanowires generating power
• 7.1. An example of an elumin8 electroluminescent display
• 7.2. A promotional display used at DeBeers
• 7.3. A concept inorganic electroluminescent display that is created by the energy of the sun on a window
• 7.4. The six inorganic layers of an ac electroluminescent display screen printed by elumin8 the phosphor is Cu doped ZnS from DuPont
• 7.5. elumin8 billboard display with changing images
• 7.6. Pelikon TV remote control and moving image in Fossil watch using ac electroluminescent display using eight inorganic layers
• 7.7. AC electroluminescent apparel
• 7.8. Pelikon products have progressed as follows
• 7.9. Pelikon' s prize winning fashion watch and intuitive flexible touch displays
• 7.10. Future timelines from Pelikon
• 7.11. Experimental game printed on beer pack by VTT Technology of Finland
• 7.12. Duracell battery testing chipless label - front and reverse view
• 7.13. Principle of operation of electrophoretic displays
• 7.14. E-paper displays on a magazine sold in the US in October 2008
• 7.15. Retail Shelf Edge Labels from UPM
• 7.16. Secondary display on a cell phone
• 7.17. Scheme of the fabricated e-paper nanostructure based on ZnO nanowires
• 7.18. Photo image of (a) bleached, and (b) color state of the flexible ZnO nanowire electrode
• 7.19. Amazon Kindle 2, launched in the US in February 2009
• 7.20. Electrophoretic display on a commercially sold financial card
• 7.21. A Polymer Vision display
• 7.22. Electronic paper from Fujitsu
• 8.1. Unidym' s target markets for transparent conducting nanotube films
• 8.2. NanoMas technology
• 8.3. Konarka thin film solar cell arrays
• 8.4. G24i has a new UK factory printing titanium oxide photovoltaics
• 8.5. G24i' s advanced solar technology vs traditional polycrystalline
• 8.6. Printed Flexible Circuits from Soligie
• 8.7. Capabilities of Soligie
• 8.8. Printed electronics from Soligie
• 8.9. Printing presses used for printing electronics at Soligie
• 8.10. An e-label from Soligie
• 8.11. Semiconductor development at Evonik
• 8.12. Target range for mobility and processing temperature of semiconductors.
• 8.13. Transfer characteristics of gen3 semiconductor system
• 8.14. Current efficiency of a Novaled PIN OLEDTM stack on an inkjet printed, transparent conductive ITO anode.
• 8.15. Inks developed by InkTec
• 8.16. InkTec Printing methods
• 8.17. Samsung OLED display
• 8.18. NanoGram' s Laser Reactive Deposition (LRD) technology
• 9.1. Printed electronics materials and other elements of device income 2010-2020
• 9.2. Market forecast by component type for 2010-2020 in US $ billions, for printed and potentially printed electronics including organic, inorganic and composites
• 9.3. Konarka estimates of opening markets for flexible photovoltaics
• 9.4. Photovoltaic market growth in megawatts by country 2004-2010
• 9.5. Organic semiconductor projection by IBM
• 9.6. Technical challenges for the next ten year to improvement of FDICD capabilities
• 9.7. Facts about media
• 9.8. SM Products Road Map

Press Release

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價格 : US $ 3995

出版日期 : 2012年05月

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出版日期 : 2012年04月

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價格 : US $ 3995

出版日期 : 2012年04月

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