Abstract
Piezo actuators are electromechanical "motors", based on the solid state
piezomechanical deformation effect of piezoceramics (PZT lead zirconium
titanate). Highlights are unlimited positioning sensitivity (sub-nanometers),
high load capability, and high force generation, resulting in ideal mechanical
dynamics with reaction times down to microseconds. Only piezo actuation allows
top innovations in mechatronics like nano-positioning or high pressure common
rail fuel injection.
Piezoelectric actuators are at an important stage of development into a large
component market. Market pull is generated by large demand for ultra-small
scale precision motion devices used in manufacturing and inspection equipment,
high volume, low cost auto-focus assemblies required in phone cameras, and
high volume, moderate cost ink printing cartridges used in printers; and
partly by demand for micro actuator medical tools used in minimally invasive
surgery and micro-grippers required in manufacturing micro-sized objects such
as stents; and partly by dynamically-driven high temperature actuators for
diesel injector valves in automobiles. Cost, yield and reliability are
important concerns for each of these six applications. A number of these
concerns relate to basic material science issues in the manufacture of the
piezoelectric actuators for these targeted, diversified applications.
This report also deals with ultrasonic motors (USMs) that belong to the class
of piezoelectric motors. In this work, the term "USM" will be used for the
motor only (in other words, power electronics and closed-loop controls are not
included). The system composed of the motor, power electronics, and
closed-loop control will be called the ultrasonic actuator or piezoelectric
actuator. The working principle of these motors has been well known for at
least 50 years. However, they generated widespread interest only with the
influential work of Sashida in 1982. Before that time, piezoceramic materials
with high conversion efficiency and fast electronic power control of
ultrasonic vibrations were not available.
Due to their specific advantages compared to conventional electromagnetic
motors, USMs fill a gap in certain actuator applications. A key advantage of
USMs over electromagnetic motors is their compactness, i.e., their high stall
torque-mass ratio and high torque at low rotational speed, often making
speed-reducing gears superfluous. Additionally, with no voltage applied, an
inherent holding torque is present due to the frictional driving mechanism. It
is also notable that their compactness and the high frequency electrical
excitation make quick responses possible. USMs also offer a high potential for
miniaturization. These actuators produce no magnetic field, since the
excitation is quasi-electrostatic.
STUDY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES
This study focuses on key piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors and
provides data about the size and growth of these markets, along with company
profiles and industry trends. The goal of this report is to provide a detailed
and comprehensive multi-client study of the markets in North America, Europe,
Japan, China, India, Korea and the rest of the world (ROW) for
piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors, as well as potential business
opportunities in the future.
The objectives include thorough coverage of underlying economic issues driving
the piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors business, as well as
assessments of new, advanced piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors that
are in development. Also covered are legislative pressures for more safety and
environmental protection, as well as users' expectations for economical
actuators and motors. Another important objective is to provide realistic
market data and forecasts for piezoelectric operated actuators and motors.
This study provides the most thorough and up-to-date assessment that can be
found anywhere on the subject. The study also provides extensive
quantification of the many important facets of market development in
piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors. This, in turn, contributes to a
determination of the kinds of strategic responses companies may adopt in order
to compete in these dynamic markets.
Users of piezoelectric actuators and motors in developed markets must contend
with twin pressures - to innovate and, at the same time, to reduce costs.
New applications, such as piezo fuel injectors, ink cartridges in printers,
micro-pumps, micro-grippers, and micro-surgery tools for piezoelectric
actuators and motors, have been proposed in recent years. This study condenses
all of these business related issues and opportunities.
REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY
The piezoelectric actuator and motor market is an attractive and still-growing
multi-million dollar market characterized by very high production volumes of
actuators and motors that must be both extremely reliable and low in cost.
Growth in the market continues to be driven by increasing demand in camera
phones for auto-focus mechanisms, data storage, semiconductors,
micro-electronics production, precision mechanics, life science and medical
technology, optics, photonics, nanometrology, robots, toys, HVAC control
systems, and other applications such as piezo fuel injectors, ink cartridges
in printers, micro-pumps, micro-grippers and micro-surgery tools.
The piezoelectric-operated actuator and motor industry is complex and fast
moving, with manufacturers increasingly adopting a truly global view of the
market. Around the world, consumers are demanding a high power density as well
as extremely long cycle life. Against this difficult background, manufacturers
have attempted to achieve growth through company mergers and acquisitions, and
by implementing global strategies. Piezoelectric-operated actuators and
motors, once a technological novelty, have now entered the mainstream and are
showing significant sales volumes.
iRAP conducted this study in 2007. However, with increased demand for these
devices, and with improved and emerging technologies as well as applications,
iRAP felt a need to conduct a detailed study and update technology
developments and markets. The report identifies and evaluates
piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors and technologies which show
potential growth.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY
The report covers technology, product analysis, manufacturers' profiles,
competitive analysis, raw material suppliers, electronic suppliers, system
integrators, material and material cost analysis, market dynamics and patent
status of leading players ,to provide a complete picture of the status and
growth of the piezoelectric actuator market on a global scale from 2009 to
2014.
This study provides the most complete accounting of the current market and
future growth in piezoelectric actuators and motors. The study also provides
extensive quantification of the important facets of market developments in
emerging markets for these actuators and motors, such as China.
SCOPE AND FORMAT
The market data contained in this report quantify opportunities for
piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors. In addition to product types,
this report also covers the many issues concerning the merits and future
prospects of the business, including corporate strategies, information
technologies, and the means for providing these highly advanced product and
service offerings. This report also covers in detail the economic and
technological issues regarded by many as critical to the industry' s current
state of change. It provides an overview of the piezoelectric actuator and
motor industry and its structure, and of the many companies involved in
providing these products. The competitive positions of the main players in the
market, and the strategic options they face, are also discussed, along with
such competitive factors as marketing, distribution and operations.
TO WHOM THE STUDY CATERS
Audiences for this study include marketing executives, business unit managers
and other decision makers in piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors
companies and companies peripheral to this business. The study will benefit
existing manufacturers of actuators and motors who seek to expand revenues and
market opportunities by expanding in new technology such as
piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors, positioned to become a preferred
solution for many applications. This study also will benefit users of
piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors who deal with actuators where
electromagnetic field generation is an issue and operational performance
parameters and space are important considerations, such as in auto-focus lens
mechanisms of camera phones, nanometrology, precision linear /rotary drives,
drug delivery systems, antenna array deployment, and other fields such as
piezo fuel injectors, ink cartridges in printers, micro-pumps, micro-grippers
and micro-surgery tools.
REPORT SUMMARY
A confluence of new piezo-based technology has breathed new capability into
the nano- and micro-positioning world. Piezo actuation is increasingly
suitable for applications formerly addressable only by magnetic motors, and
the technology offers significant benefits in terms of size, speed,
fieldlessness, reliability, vacuum compatibility, resolution and dynamics.
These benefits, in turn, enable significant advances in existing and new
applications. Examples of these applications abound. For instance, optical
assemblies of escalating sophistication require multiple axes of nanoprecision
alignment that must remain aligned for months of round-the-clock usage.
Another example is emerging nano-imprint lithography methods which demand
exacting positioning and trajectory control and must retain alignment
integrity under significant physical and thermal stresses. Applications
ranging from cell phone cameras to endoscopy and fluid delivery mechanisms
require exceedingly small but stiff, responsive, and reliable positioning of
optics, probes and shutters. Until recently, these conflicting requirements
had no solution.
Piezomotors and actuators typically eliminate any need for gear reduction
because they drive loads directly. One way to understand how a piezomotor
generates motive force is to examine the SQUIGGLER motor. It can move with
1,000 times more precision than an electromagnetic motor while hitting
nanometer resolutions. In contrast, electromagnetic motors struggle to give
micrometer resolution.
Piezoelectric actuators have been commercialized in various areas such as
information technology, robotics, biomedical engineering, automotive,
ecological and energy engineering. They are coming to be preferred over
electromagnetic-type actuators, due mainly to suitability to miniaturization,
lack of electromagnetic generation, higher efficiency and non-inflammability.
Piezoelectric actuators and motors vary significantly in shapes and
manufacturing technologies in order to address distinctly different market
segments such as ultra-small scale precision motion devices in manufacturing
and inspection equipment, phone cameras, ink printing cartridges,
micro-actuator tools used in minimally invasive surgery, micro-grippers
required in manufacturing micro-size objects such as stents, and high
temperature actuators for diesel injector valves in automobiles.
Major findings of this report are:
- The 2009 global market for piezoelectric operated actuators and motors was
estimated to be $6.6 billion, and the market is estimated to reach $12.3
billion by 2014, showing an average annual growth rate of 13.2% per year.
- The market for piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors in ultra-small
scale precision motion related applications will be the largest segment,
estimated to have reached $3,200 million (48.6% share) in 2009 and projected
to reach $6,000 million in 2014, for an AAGR of 13.4%. The other major
segment includes phone cameras, digital cameras, microscope lenses, mirrors
and optics, estimated at $2,800 million (42.5% share) in 2009 and $5,200
million in 2014, for an AAGR of 13.1%.
- The remaining 8.9% ($587 million) is a third market segment consisting of
auto fuel injectors, micro-pumps, micro-blowers, printer cartridges, surgical
instruments, mini-robots, etc.). In 2014, this market segment will have a
share of 8.7% ($1,090 million).
- The manufacturers of optics, photonics and nanometrology equipment have
been the major consumers of piezoelectric-operated motors and actuators.
- Life sciences and medical technology also constitute a high-growth segment
of the piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors market. This area is
expected to grow at 18.7% annually and could record an even higher growth rate
if there is wider acceptance by end users. It is still going through a
gestation period.
- Over the projected period of five years, market share of
piezoelectric-operated actuators and motors will increase, taking share from
electromagnetic motors.
- In terms of regional market share, North America leads, with 40.5% in
2009, followed by Europe with 34%, Japan with 20%, and the balance 5.5% for
China and the rest of the world.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION
- STUDY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES
- REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY
- CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY
- SCOPE AND FORMAT
- METHODOLOGY
- INFORMATION SOURCES
- TARGET AUDIENCE FOR THE STUDY
- AUTHOR' S CREDENTIALS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC
ACTUATORS AND MOTORS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2014
- SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS AND MOTORS BY
APPLICATION, 2009 AND 2014 ($ MILLIONS)
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
- INDUSTRY DYNAMICS
- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 1 COMPANY PRODUCT REFERENCE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR AND MOTOR
MANUFACTURERS, MATERIAL SUPPLIERS, SYSTEM INTEGRATORS/AMPLIFIER AND
CONTROLLER SUPPLIERS
TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW
- PIEZO MECHANICS
- SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS
- PIEZOELECTRIC CONSTANTS
- FIGURE 1 DESIGNATION OF THE AXES AND DIRECTIONS OF DEFORMATION
- TABLE 2 GENERAL PIEZO SYMBOLS
- PIEZO THEORY
- PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS
- FIGURE 2 PZT ELEMENTARY CELL BEFORE AND AFTER POLING (DC FIELD APPLIED)
- FIGURE 3 ELECTRICAL DIPOLE MOMENTS IN WEISS DOMAINS
- TYPES OF PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS
- TYPES OF PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS
- TYPES OF PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS (CONTINUED)
- FIGURE 4 STANDING WAVE ULTRASONIC MOTOR
- TABLE 3 FORMULAS USED IN PIEZOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY
- MATERIALS FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS AND MOTORS
- TABLE 4 MATERIAL CONSTANTS OF PIEZOCERAMIC MATERIALS USED IN
PIEZOELECTRIC-DRIVEN ACTUATORS AND MOTORS
- ELECTRODE MATERIALS
- PZT MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS
- HYSTERESIS
- CREEP
- EXTENSION UNDER LOAD
- POWER DISSIPATION
- OPERATION UNDER REVERSE BIAS
- FIGURE 5 HYSTERESIS BEHAVIOR OF PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL
- LINEARITY
- THERMAL PROPERTIES AND TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS
- MATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS AND MOTORS
- TABLE 5 MATERIALS USED FOR FABRICATING BASIC PIEZO ELECTRIC ACTUATORS
- MANUFACTURE OF MULTILAYER CO-FIRED ACTUATORS
- FIGURE 6 PROCESS FOLLOWED IN CO-FIRED PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL
- METALLIZATION
- PZT-BASED MEMS DEVICES
- TABLE 6 TYPICAL MATERIALS USED IN PZT-BASED MEMS DEVICES
- ELECTRONICS (AMPLIFIERS AND CONTROLLERS) USED WITH PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS
- TABLE 7 AMPLIFIERS AND CONTROLLERS USED FOR ULTRA-SMALL SCALE MOTION OF
PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS
- ELECTRONICS USED WITH PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS/ULTRASONIC MOTORS IN AUTO-FOCUS
AND ZOOM FUNCTIONS IN PHONE CAMERAS
- CASE STUDIES OF USAGE OF PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS AND MOTORS
- ULTRA-SMALL SCALE PRECISION MOTIONS
- FIGURE 7 PIEZO ELECTRIC NANO MANUPULATOR
- ULTRA-SMALL SCALE PRECISION MOTIONS (CONTINUED)
- PART-PIEZO ELECTRIC MOTORS
- PART-PIEZO ELECTRIC MOTORS (CONTINUED)
- FIGURE 8 TYPICAL OPTICAL ZOOM USING TWO SQUIGGLER MOTORS
- PART-PIEZO ELECTRIC MOTORS (CONTINUED)
- PIEZO MOTORS IN SURGICAL ROBOTS
- FIGURE 9 SURGICAL MICROMANIPULATOR WITH TWO FINGERS OPERATED BY PIEZO
ACTUATORS
- PIEZO MOTORS IN SURGICAL ROBOTS (CONTINUED)
- PIEZO MOTORS IN SURGICAL ROBOTS (CONTINUED)
- APPLICATIONS
- ULTRA-SMALL SCALE PRECISION MOTION DEVICES
- TABLE 8 MARKET SEGMENTS EMPLOYING ULTRA-SMALL SCALE MOTION PIEZOELECTRIC
ACTUATORS
- ULTRA-SMALL SCALE PRECISION MOTION DEVICES (CONTINUED)
- ULTRA-SMALL SCALE PRECISION MOTION DEVICES (CONTINUED)
- NANO-POSITIONING SYSTEMS
- TABLE 9 TYPES OF BASIC PIEZO ELECTRIC ACTUATORS FOR ULTRA SMALL SCALE
PRECISION MOTION
- COMMERCIAL DESIGNS IN USE
- TABLE 10 TYPICAL SHAPE VARIANTS AND BRANDS OF PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS
COMMERCIALIZED FOR SMALL SCALE PRECISION MOTION
- AUTO-FOCUS APPLICATIONS IN PHONE CAMERAS AND COMMERCIAL TYPES
- DISCRETE VERSUS CONTINUOUS MOVEMENT MOTORS
- DISCRETE VERSUS CONTINUOUS MOVEMENT MOTORS (CONTINUED)
- DISCRETE VERSUS CONTINUOUS MOVEMENT MOTORS (CONTINUED)
- ULTRASONIC MOTORS
- FIGURE 10 MOBILE PHONE CAMERA AUTO-FOCUS MODULE USING A PIEZO MOTOR
- ULTRASONIC MOTORS (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 11 TYPES OF PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS
- APPLICATIONS IN INK PRINTING CARTRIDGES
- APPLICATIONS IN INK PRINTING CARTRIDGES (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 12 MICROVALVE ACTUATORS AND PIEZO INK CARTRIDGES
- APPLICATIONS IN MICRO-MIRRORS, MICRO-PUMPS AND MICROBLOWERS
- TABLE 13 PIEZO MICRO-MIRRORS, MICRO-PUMPS AND MICRO-BLOWERS
- TABLE 14 REPRESENTATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF FABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR
PIEZO ACTUATORS
- APPLICATIONS IN MICRO-ACTUATOR TOOLS USED IN MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY
AND MICRO-GRIPPERS REQUIRED IN MANUFACTURING MICRO-SIZE OBJECTS SUCH AS STENTS
- TABLE 15 PIEZO MICRO SURGERY TOOLS, MICRO-GRIPPERS AND MINIROBOTS
- APPLICATIONS FOR DIESEL INJECTOR VALVES IN AUTOMOBILES
- APPLICATIONS FOR DIESEL INJECTOR VALVES IN AUTOMOBILES (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 16 TYPES OF PIEZO UNIT INJECTORS
- PRICE STRUCTURE
- TABLE 17 TYPICAL PRICES FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS FOR ULTRASMALL SCALE
PRECISION MOTIONS
- TABLE 18 PRICE STRUCTURE VARIATION FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS / MOTORS
FOR FIVE OTHER MARKET SEGMENTS
- TABLE 19 TYPICAL PRICE PATTERNS OF ELECTRONIC CONTROLS OF HIGH VOLUME,
LOW COST PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS FOR AUTO-FOCUS AND
- ZOOM FUNCTIONS IN PHONE CAMERAS
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS
- BUSINESS MODELS AND INDUSTRY PLAYERS
- BUSINESS MODELS
- BUSINESS MODELS (CONTINUED)
- MARKET DYNAMICS
- COMPETITION
- MERGERS, ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
- TABLE 20 ACQUISITION DEALS AMONG MANUFACTURERS OF PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS
AND ACTUATORS FROM 2004 TO 2009
GLOBAL MARKETS AND MARKET TRENDS
- MARKET ACCORDING TO APPLICATIONS
- TABLE 21 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS
AND ACTUATORS BY APPLICATION FROM 2009 TO 2014
- FIGURE 11 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND ACTUATORS BY
APPLICATION FROM 2009 TO 2014
- FIGURE 11 CONTINUED
- MARKET ACCORDING TO MATERIALS USED
- TABLE 22 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS
AND ACTUATORS BY MATERIAL USED FROM 2009 TO 2014
- FIGURE 12 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND ACTUATORS BY
MATERIAL USED FROM 2009 TO 2014
- MARKET ACCORDING TO REGIONS
- TABLE 23 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS
AND ACTUATORS BY REGION FROM 2009 TO 2014
- FIGURE 13 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS
AND ACTUATORS BY REGION FROM 2009 TO 2014
- MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
- MINIATURIZATION OF MOTORS
- VOLUME PRODUCTION OF MULTILAYER PIEZO ACTUATORS
- VOLUME PRODUCTION OF MULTILAYER PIEZO ACTUATORS (CONTINUED)
- DEVELOPMENT OF TRAVELING WAVE MOTORS
- DEVELOPMENT OF STANDING WAVE MOTORS
- HYBRID DESIGNS
- MOTOR OPTIMIZATION
- MOTOR OPTIMIZATION (CONTINUED)
PATENTS AND PATENT ANALYSIS PATENTS AND PATENT ANALYSIS
- PIEZO ACTUATOR AND ASSOCIATED PRODUCTION METHOD
- METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A PIEZO ACTUATOR
- PIEZO ACTUATOR COMPRISING MEANS FOR COMPENSATING THERMAL LENGTH
MODIFICATIONS AND FUEL INJECTION VALVE COMPRISING A PIEZO ACTUATOR
- PIEZO-ACTUATOR
- PIEZOELECTRIC ULTRASOUND MOTOR
- HEAT EFFICIENT MICROMOTOR
- PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND OPERATION THEREOF
- PIEZOMOTOR WITH A GUIDE
- MULTIDIRECTIONAL PIEZOELECTRIC MOTOR CONFIGURATION
- MULTIPLE DEGREE OF FREEDOM MICRO ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SYSTEM POSITIONER AND
ACTUATOR
- FREQUENCY-CONTROL-TYPE PIEZO ACTUATOR DRIVING CIRCUIT AND METHOD OF
DRIVING THE SAME
- CONTROL DEVICE FOR PIEZO ACTUATORS OF FUEL INJECTION VALVES
- METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLLING AN INJECTOR
- SEALING ARRANGEMENT FOR A PIEZO ACTUATOR OF A FUEL INJECTOR
- METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MONOLITHIC MULTILAYER ACTUATOR MADE OF A
PIEZOCERAMIC OR ELECTROSTRICTIVE MATERIAL AND EXTERNAL ELECTRICAL CONTACT FOR
THE SAME
- HIGH RESOLUTION PIEZOELECTRIC MOTOR
- MULTILAYER PIEZOELECTRIC MOTOR
- PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND MOTOR DRIVING CONFIGURATIONS
- RESONANCE SHIFTING
- METHOD FOR OPERATING A PIEZOELECTRIC MOTOR, AND PIEZOELECTRIC MOTOR
COMPRISING A STATOR IN THE FORM OF A HOLLOW-CYLINDRICAL OSCILLATOR
- PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PIEZOCERAMIC MULTILAYER ACTUATORS
- METHOD OF FABRICATING AN ARRAY OF MULTI-ELECTRODED PIEZOELECTRIC
TRANSDUCERS FOR PIEZOELECTRIC DIAPHRAGM STRUCTURES
- PIEZO ACTUATOR
- PIEZO ACTUATOR DRIVING CIRCUIT
- PIEZO ACTUATOR COMPRISING A STRUCTURED EXTERNAL ELECTRODE
- MICRO POSITION-CONTROL SYSTEM
- POSITIONING DEVICE FOR MICROSCOPIC MOTION
- POLING SYSTEM FOR PIEZOELECTRIC DIAPHRAGM STRUCTURES
- PIEZO ELECTRONIC THROTTLE CONTROL ACTUATOR
- TOOL USING A PIEZO ACTUATOR
- REPLACEABLE FRICTION COUPLING FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS
- SEALING ELEMENT FOR THE PIEZO ACTUATOR OF A FUEL INJECTION VALVE
- PIEZOELECTRIC DIAPHRAGM STRUCTURE WITH OUTER EDGE ELECTRODE
- MINIATURE AUTO-FOCUS PIEZO ACTUATOR SYSTEM
- RADIALLY POLED PIEZOELECTRIC DIAPHRAGM STRUCTURES
- METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A PIEZO-ACTUATED FUEL-INJECTION VALVE
- PIEZO ACTUATOR DRIVE CIRCUIT
- PIEZOELECTRIC VALVE
- PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMIC MATERIALS, BASED ON LEAD-ZIRCONATETITANATE (PZT),
COMPRISING VALENCE-COMPENSATED COMPLEXES CONTAINING AG
- PIEZOELECTRIC DEVICE FOR INJECTOR
- INSULATION FOR PIEZOCERAMIC MULTILAYER ACTUATORS
- PIEZOCERAMIC MULTILAYER ACTUATOR WITH A TRANSITION REGION BETWEEN THE
ACTIVE REGION AND THE INACTIVE HEAD AND FOOT REGIONS
- PIEZOACTIVE ACTUATOR WITH DAMPENED AMPLIFIED MOVEMENT
- MONOLITHIC MULTILAYER ACTUATOR IN A HOUSING
- MULTILAYER ACTUATOR WITH CONTACT SURFACES OF INTERNAL ELECTRODES OF THE
SAME POLARITY ARRANGED OFFSET FOR THEIR EXTERNAL ELECTRODES
- PIEZOELECTRIC DEVICE FOR INJECTOR
- PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND MOTOR DRIVING CONFIGURATIONS
- PATENT ANALYSIS
- TABLE 24 NUMBER OF U.S. PATENTS GRANTED TO COMPANIES IN THE ULTRASONIC
MOTORS AND PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR MARKETS FROM 2005 THROUGH 2009
- FIGURE 14 TOP COMPANIES GRANTED U.S. PATENTS FOR ULTRASONIC MOTORS AND
PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS FROM 2005 THROUGH 2009
- INTERNATIONAL OVERVIEW OF U.S. PATENT ACTIVITY IN PIEZOELECTRIC OPERATED
ACTUATORS/ULTRASONIC MOTORS
- TABLE 25 U.S. PATENTS GRANTED BY ASSIGNED COUNTRY/REGION FOR ULTRASONIC
MOTORS AND PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS FROM JANUARY 2005 TO 2009
COMPANY PROFILES
- ADVANCED CERAMETRICS, INC.
- APC INTERNATIONAL, LTD.
- AUSTRIAMICROSYSTEMS USA, INC.
- CEDRAT TECHNOLOGIES SA
- CERAMTEC AG
- CERATEC, INC.
- CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH
- DELPHI WORLD AND NORTH AMERICAN HEADQUARTERS
- DENSO CORPORATION
- DISCOVERY TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
- EDO CORPORATION, ELECTRO-CERAMIC PRODUCTS DIV
- FAULHABER GROUP
- FEINMESS DRESDEN GMBH
- GALIL MOTION CONTROL
- HEASON TECHNOLOGY LTD
- MAD CITY LABS INC.
- MICRO MECHATRONICS INC.
- MICROMO ELECTRONICS, INC
- MIDE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
- MORGAN ELECTROCERAMICS LTD.
- NPOINT
- NANOMOTION LTD.
- NEC TOKIN CORPORATION
- NEW SCALE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
- NOLIAC A/S
- PI CERAMIC GMBH
- PIEZO SYSTEMS, INC.
- PHYSIK INSTRUMENTE (PI)
- PIEZOMOTOR AB
- PIEZOSYSTEM JENA GMBH
- PIEZOMECHANIK GMBH
- PRIOR SCIENTIFIC, LTD.
- QTECH NANOSYSTELS PTE LTD
- ROBERT BOSCH LLC
- SAMSUNG ELECTRO-MECHANICS CO., LTD.
- SMART MATERIALS GMBH
- SHINSEI CORPORATION
- SEIKO INSTRUMENTS INC. (SII)
- STAR MICRONICS
- TEXAS INSTRUMENTS
- TDK-EPC CORPORATION
- ZYVEX
LIST OF TABLES
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS
AND MOTORS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2014
- TABLE 1 COMPANY PRODUCT REFERENCE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR AND MOTOR
MANUFACTURERS, MATERIAL SUPPLIERS, SYSTEM INTEGRATORS/AMPLIFIER AND CONTROLLER
SUPPLIERS
- TABLE 1 CONTINUED
- TABLE 2 GENERAL PIEZO SYMBOLS
- TABLE 2 COTINUED
- TABLE 3 FORMULAS USED IN PIEZOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY
- TABLE 3 CONTINUED
- TABLE 4 MATERIAL CONSTANTS OF PIEZOCERAMIC MATERIALS USED IN
PIEZOELECTRIC-DRIVEN ACTUATORS AND MOTORS
- TABLE 4 CONTINUED
- TABLE 5 MATERIALS USED FOR FABRICATING BASIC PIEZO ELECTRIC ACTUATORS
- TABLE 5 CONTINUED
- TABLE 5 CONTINUED
- TABLE 6 TYPICAL MATERIALS USED IN PZT-BASED MEMS DEVICES
- TABLE 7 AMPLIFIERS AND CONTROLLERS USED FOR ULTRA-SMALL SCALE MOTION OF
PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS
- TABLE 8 MARKET SEGMENTS EMPLOYING ULTRA-SMALL SCALE MOTION PIEZOELECTRIC
ACTUATORS
- TABLE 8 CONTINUED
- TABLE 8 CONTINUED
- TABLE 9 TYPES OF BASIC PIEZO ELECTRIC ACTUATORS FOR ULTRA SMALL SCALE
PRECISION MOTION
- TABLE 9 CONTINUED
- TABLE 9 CONTINUED
- TABLE 9 CONTINUED
- TABLE 10 TYPICAL SHAPE VARIANTS AND BRANDS OF PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS
COMMERCIALIZED FOR SMALL SCALE PRECISION MOTION
- TABLE 10 CONTINUED
- TABLE 10 CONTINUED
- TABLE 10 CONTINUED
- TABLE 10 CONTINUED
- TABLE 10 CONTINUED
- TABLE 11 TYPES OF PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS
- TABLE 11 CONTINUED
- TABLE 11 CONTINUED
- TABLE 11 CONTINUED
- TABLE 11 CONTINUED
- TABLE 12 MICROVALVE ACTUATORS AND PIEZO INK CARTRIDGES
- TABLE 12 CONTINUED
- TABLE 12 CONTINUED
- TABLE 12 CONTINUED
- TABLE 13 PIEZO MICRO-MIRRORS, MICRO-PUMPS AND MICRO-BLOWERS
- TABLE 13 CONTINUED
- TABLE 13 CONTINUED
- TABLE 13 CONTINUED
- TABLE 14 REPRESENTATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF FABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR
PIEZO ACTUATORS
- TABLE 15 PIEZO MICRO SURGERY TOOLS, MICRO-GRIPPERS AND MINIROBOTS
- TABLE 15 CONTINUED
- TABLE 16 TYPES OF PIEZO UNIT INJECTORS
- TABLE 16 CONTINUED
- TABLE 17 TYPICAL PRICES FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS FOR ULTRASMALL SCALE
PRECISION MOTIONS
- TABLE 18 PRICE STRUCTURE VARIATION FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS / MOTORS
FOR FIVE OTHER MARKET SEGMENTS
- TABLE 18 CONTINUED
- TABLE 19 TYPICAL PRICE PATTERNS OF ELECTRONIC CONTROLS OF HIGH VOLUME, LOW
COST PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS FOR AUTO-FOCUS AND ZOOM FUNCTIONS IN PHONE CAMERAS
- TABLE 20 ACQUISITION DEALS AMONG MANUFACTURERS OF PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND
ACTUATORS FROM 2004 TO 2009
- TABLE 21 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND
ACTUATORS BY APPLICATION FROM 2009 TO 2014
- TABLE 22 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND
ACTUATORS BY MATERIAL USED FROM 2009 TO 2014
- TABLE 23 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND
ACTUATORS BY REGION FROM 2009 TO 2014
- TABLE 24 NUMBER OF U.S. PATENTS GRANTED TO COMPANIES IN THE ULTRASONIC
MOTORS AND PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR MARKETS FROM 2005 THROUGH 2009
- TABLE 25 U.S. PATENTS GRANTED BY ASSIGNED COUNTRY/REGION FOR ULTRASONIC
MOTORS AND PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS FROM JANUARY 2005 TO 2009
LIST OF FIGURES
SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS AND MOTORS BY
APPLICATION, 2009 AND 2014 ($ MILLIONS)
- FIGURE 1 DESIGNATION OF THE AXES AND DIRECTIONS OF DEFORMATION
- FIGURE 2 PZT ELEMENTARY CELL BEFORE AND AFTER POLING (DC FIELD APPLIED)
- FIGURE 3 ELECTRICAL DIPOLE MOMENTS IN WEISS DOMAINS
- FIGURE 4 STANDING WAVE ULTRASONIC MOTOR
- FIGURE 5 HYSTERESIS BEHAVIOR OF PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL
- FIGURE 6 PROCESS FOLLOWED IN CO-FIRED PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL
- FIGURE 7 PIEZO ELECTRIC NANO MANUPULATOR
- FIGURE 8 TYPICAL OPTICAL ZOOM USING TWO SQUIGGLER MOTORS
- FIGURE 9 SURGICAL MICROMANIPULATOR WITH TWO FINGERS OPERATED BY PIEZO
ACTUATORS
- FIGURE 10 MOBILE PHONE CAMERA AUTO-FOCUS MODULE USING A PIEZO MOTOR
- FIGURE 11 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND ACTUATORS BY
APPLICATION FROM 2009 TO 2014
- FIGURE 11 CONTINUED
- FIGURE 12 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND ACTUATORS BY
MATERIAL USED FROM 2009 TO 2014
- FIGURE 13 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS AND
ACTUATORS BY REGION FROM 2009 TO 2014
- FIGURE 14 TOP COMPANIES GRANTED U.S. PATENTS FOR ULTRASONIC MOTORS AND
PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS FROM 2005 THROUGH 2009
