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市場調查報告書
巴西的藥價設定與補助
Pharmaceutical Pricing and Reimbursement in Brazil
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巴西的藥價設定與補助 是由出版商Decision Resources, Inc.在2009年12月所出版的。
這份英文市場調查報告書包含27 Pages 價格從美金4600起跳。
巴西在全球醫藥品市場的地位提升，2008年的業績達到127億美元。今後被預期也將穩定擴大。
本報告，彙整了影響巴西醫藥品市場的因素、藥價設定與補助、國際價格比較、國家的相關制度和法規等，由下列摘要形式闡述。
報告摘要
簡介
社會經濟動向
醫療制度的管理機關與資金
醫藥品的相關法規
智慧財產權
藥價設定
- 傳統的藥價設定順序
- 現在的藥價設定順序
- 年度價格調整
- 國際價格比較
處方藥的補助
- 完全補助的政府計畫
- People's Pharmacy of Brazil
- 民間醫療計畫
學名藥的使用
巴西醫藥品市場的今後展望與影響
圖表
Abstract
Introduction
Brazil has unequivocally claimed its space in the global pharmaceutical
market, with 2008 sales estimated at US$12.7 billion and an on-track goal of
booking stronger growth for the future. The country' s growing affluence and
increasing life expectancy as well as its highly privatized healthcare
expenditure and brand-centric prescribing behavior will stimulate the
expanding demand for pharmaceuticals. Further, the country is instating
programs to increase drug access to people across the private and public
health systems. However, Brazil' s dynamics also include barriers that may
threaten its anticipated growth trajectory, including unfavorable coverage of
medicines in the public healthcare system, stern intellectual property rules,
and moderate use of generics. Nonetheless, an examination of pricing rules and
reimbursement activities demonstrates Brazil' s ability to balance the growing
need for pharmaceuticals with equitable distribution of medicines for its
people.
Questions Answered in This Report
- The population of Brazil is forecast to increase 12.8% in 12 years, from
2008 to 2020. What factors are driving this growth? How is this growth
reflected in the working-age population? What impact does an aging population
have on Brazil' s economy and pharmaceutical potential?
- Twenty-five percent of Brazil' s population is covered by private health
insurance, and the total private health expenditure accounts for more than
half of the national health expenditure. How much of that spending is
attributable to pharmaceuticals? What issues come into play when considering
drug coverage in private and public health insurance?
- Many multinational companies are looking to expand their activities in
Brazil because the potential rewards of success are substantial. What are
the considerations for companies before they do business in Brazil? Before
importing into Brazil, with which offices should companies be in compliance?
- The 1996 Lei de Propriedade Industrial (Law on Industrial Property) allows
pipeline patents, facilitating opportunities for drug exclusivities and drug
branding rights. However, the Brazilian government also has adopted stern
policies that have resulted in granting of compulsory licenses of patents.
How has the intellectual property landscape changed over the years in
Brazil? Have these changes had a largely positive or negative impact on the
international pharmaceutical industry?
Scope
- Market drivers and barriers: aging population, socioeconomic
trends, public and private healthcare systems, intellectual property rights,
branded drugs, and generics.
- Pricing and reimbursement data: autorizacao de internacao
hospitalar (AIH; authorization for hospitalization), coeficiente de adequacao
de precos (CAP; price adjustment coeffi cient), preco maximo de venda ao
governo (PMVG; maximum government sale price), ENCPI, gross national income
(GNI), and Relacao Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais (RENAME; National List
of Essential Medicines),
- International price comparison: a comparison of the prices of 39
widely prescribed drugs in Brazil with prices in other markets, including the
United States, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Japan.
- National programs and legislation: Programa da Saude Familiar (PSF;
Family Health Program), Programa Nacional de Doencas Sexualmente
Transmissiveis e Aids (National Program on Sexually Transmitted Diseases and
AIDS), Programa Nacional do Sangue e Hemoderivados (National Program on Blood
and Hemoderivatives), National System for Drug Control, Lei de Propriedade
Industrial (LPI; Law on Industrial Property), Componente Estrategico da
Assistencia Farmaceutica (Strategic Program for Pharmaceutical Assistance),
Componente de Medicamentos de Dispensacao Excepcional (CMDE; Program for
Medicines for Exceptional Dispensing), and Farmacia Popular do Brasil
(People' s Pharmacy of Brazil)
Mentioned in This Report
- National Offices
- Agencia Nacional de Saude Suplementar (ANS; National Agency for Supplementary Health)
- Agencia Nacional de Vigilancia Sanitaria (ANVISA; National Health Surveillance Agency)
- Camara de Medicamentos (CAMED; Medicines Council)
- Camara de Regulacao do Mercado de Medicamentos (CMED; Pharmaceutical Market Regulation Council)
- Central de Medicamentos (CEME; Center for Medicines)
- Comissao Nacional de Etica em Pesquisa (CONEP; National Commission on Research Ethics)
- Comite de Etica em Pesquisa (CEP; Committee on Research Ethics)
- Comite Interministerial de Precos (CIP; Interministerial Committee on Prices)
- Componente Basico da Assistencia Farmaceutica (Basic Program for Pharmaceutical Assistance)
- Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Economica (CADE; Administrative Council for Economic Protection)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografi a e Estatistica (IBGE; Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics)
- Instituto Nacional de Assistencia Medica da Previdencia Social (INAMPS; National Institute for Social Security Medical Assistance)
- Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI; National Institute of Industrial Property)
- Interministerial Group of Intellectual Property (GIPI)
- Ministry of Health
- National Committee of Piracy Combat (CNCP)
- Sistema Unico de Saude (SUS; National Health System)
- Secretariat de Acompanhamento Economico (SEAE; Secretariat for Economic Monitoring)
- Secretariat of Foreign Trade (SECEX), a division of the Ministry of Industry, Commerce, and Tourism
- Farmacia Popular do Brasil (People' s Pharmacy of Brazil)
Companies
- Aché
- Amil
- Aurobindo
- Banyu
- Boehringer Ingelheim
- Braseco
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- EMS
- Eurofarma
- Gilead
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Golden Cross
- Medley
- Merck
- Merck Sharp & Dohme
- Neo Quimica
- Novartis
- Pfizer
- Ranbaxy
- Sanofi-Aventis
- Sul America
Table of Contents
- Executive Summary
- Strategic Considerations
- Stakeholder Implications
- Introduction
- Socioeconomic Trends
- Organization and Funding of the Healthcare System
- Public Healthcare System
- Private Healthcare System
- Regulation of Pharmaceuticals
- Intellectual Property Rights
- Pharmaceutical Pricing
- Historical Price-Setting Procedures
- Current Price-Setting Procedures
- Annual Price Adjustments
- International Price Comparison
- Pharmaceutical Reimbursement
- Fully Reimbursed Government Programs
- Basic Program for Pharmaceutical Assistance
- Strategic Program for Pharmaceutical Assistance
- Program for Medicines for Exceptional Dispensing
- People' s Pharmacy of Brazil
- Private Health Plans
- Use of Generics
- Outlook and Implications for the Pharmaceutical Industry
Tables
- 1. Main Types of Pharmaceuticals That Dodge the Regulatory System
- 2. Factors Influencing Access to Conventional Prescription Drugs in Brazil
- 3. Ex-Manufacturer Prices of Select Drugs in Brazil and Other Major
Markets as a Percentage of U.S. Prices, 2008
Figures
- 1. Brazil Population Breakdown by Age and Sex, 2008-2018
- 2. Private Healthcare Expenditure in Brazil, 2000-2006
- 3. Public and Private Healthcare Delivery Network
- 4. Health System Organization in Brazil
- 5. Proportion of Physicians Accepting Patients from the National
Healthcare System According to Clinical Specialty, Brazil, December 2008
- 6. Average Prices in Brazil and Major Markets of a Sample of International
Brands as a Percentage of Average U.S. Prices, 2008
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