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市場調查報告書
微發電技術之最適利用法
Best Practice in Harnessing Microgeneration Technologies
| 出版商 |
Datamonitor |
| 出版日期 |
2009年04月 |
商品編碼 |
85250 |
| 內容資訊 |
英文 24 pages |
| 價格 |
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微發電技術之最適利用法 是由出版商Datamonitor在2009年04月所出版的。
這份英文市場調查報告書包含24 pages 價格從美金2795起跳。
Abstract
Introduction
Microgeneration is more often than not a costly and less reliable alternative
to grid energy. Nevertheless, the comfortable status quo of a
fully-centralised, planned, balanced and self-sufficient energy sector is
becoming increasingly untenable in most major economies. Driven by regulation
new supply side market initiatives are boosting the commercial appeal of
microgeneration technologies.
Scope of this research
- The relative strengths and weaknesses of the six mainstream
microgeneration technologies in the context of wider prevailing energy market
conditions.
- A description of the key policy, technology and consumer metrics that
affect the uptake of microgeneration technologies across major European
markets.
- Insight into the various microgeneration support systems and the need to
tailor policies according to different technologies and market conditions.
- A model of likely end-user cost of microgeneration in the UK using current
tariff data from the seven leading utilities across four technology types.
Research and analysis highlights
The fate of microgeneration depends on the interplay between technology
development, policy support and consumer priorities. Because of wide
differences in the attractiveness of individual microgeneration technologies
in relation to specific energy markets, support schemes have experienced wide
ranging costs and effectiveness of implementation.
In the UK, several barriers stand in the way of the mass market take-up of
microgeneration technologies. For now, lower carbon emissions and energy
security ambitions are better served using the national grid than home-based
solutions. A ' deemed' feed in tariff is a necessary, if insufficient,
condition to drive a mass market transition in the UK.
Utilities have made small in-roads into the UK microgeneration sector, mainly
because UK policy is too fragmented and of insufficient scale to deliver a
cogent solution promoting mass market uptake of microgeneration. SSE leads the
market, yet all utilities must now address five key problem areas to benefit
from the incoming 5MW feed in tariff.
Key reasons to purchase this research
- Understand the various factors that drive the wide variability in the
attractiveness of microgeneration technologies and subsidy support schemes.
- Benchmark annual UK microgeneration end-user costs and examine several key
best practice" areas for utilities operating in the microgeneration sector.
- Develop your strategy having identified and understood the microgeneration
' best practice' areas that most utilities have so far failed to address.
Table of Contents
DATAMONITOR VIEW
ANALYSIS
- There is wide variability in the attractiveness of individual
microgeneration technologies and subsidy support schemes
- Solar photovoltaic shows very low levels of uptake in the absence of
strong capital or energy-based support subsidies
- Solar thermal accounts for the majority of all microgeneration kits now
installed in Europe, but micro-CHP is a new challenger
- In a supportive policy environment, heat pumps are poised to grow
rapidly and deliver meaningful energy and CO2 savings
- The wide-scale uptake of micro-biomass is unlikely and could only ever
be driven by subsidy policy or very high retail power prices
- Without a generous ‘deemed' feed-in tariff, micro-wind can
actually be detrimental to the environment
- Gas-fired micro-CHP is the most acceptable alternative to conventional
heating systems, especially for mains gas users
- International support for microgeneration shows wide variation in the
costs and effectiveness of implementation
- The fate of microgeneration rests on the interplay between technology
development, policy support and consumer priorities
- Across Europe, no single country or policy has successfully driven the
uptake of all microgeneration technologies
- Best practice support systems in Europe are built on ‘deemed'
feed-in tariffs that deliver more capacity at a lower cost
- The review of successful policies highlights the need to tailor them
according to different technologies and market conditions
- In the UK, lower carbon emission and energy security ambitions are better
served using the national grid than home-based microgeneration solutions
- UK policy is too fragmented and of insufficient scale to deliver a
cogent solution promoting mass market uptake of microgeneration
- In the absence of effective carbon pricing, UK FITs are a necessary but
insufficient condition to drive a mass market transition
- The mass market uptake of microgeneration technologies in the UK would
require a considerable level of taxpayer subsidy
- As it currently stands, decentralized energy is not best placed to
answer the UK' s concerns relating to carbon emissions
- Microgeneration will not resolve security of supply concerns and must be
able to adapt to the dynamics of the UK energy market
- UK case study: Datamonitor has modeled the annual likely end-user cost of
microgeneration and examines several best practice areas for utilities
operating in the microgeneration sector
- Datamonitor has modeled the likely cost of microgeneration tariffs in
the UK using data from the seven leading utilities
- SSE consistently offers the best value micro-wind tariffs, followed by
npower
- SSE also consistently offers the best value solar PV tariffs, again
followed closely by npower
- In four out of five scenarios, SSE offers the most attractive hydro
tariff, followed by Good Energy and Ecotricity
- In four out of five scenarios, SSE offers the most attractive fuel cell
CHP tariff, followed by Good Energy and npower
- Datamonitor has identified several microgeneration ‘best practice'
areas that so far most utilities have failed
APPENDIX
- Ask the analyst
- Datamonitor consulting
- Disclaimer
FIGURES
- Figure: Solar PV and micro-wind receive the bulk of European subsidies,
yet they generate much less energy than other microgeneration technologies
(such as micro-CHP and heat pumps).
- Figure: Of the roof-based microgeneration technologies, solar water
heating is usually the most effective and the most widespread across Europe.
- Figure: Heat pumps: electrical energy is used to pump renewable heat
energy from the environment, generally for the purpose of supplying space
heating. Systems use a refrigeration cycle in reverse. The two main
alternatives are ground source heat pumps and air source heat pumps.
- Figure: Micro-biomass microgeneration is unique as it has a low carbon
dioxide emission level whatever the grid intensity.
- Figure: Micro-wind turbines are not usually cost effective for
grid-connected houses. They are more suited to rural areas due to siting and
planning issues, as well as the higher available wind speeds that maximize the
turbine' s low generation capabilities.
- Figure: The most supportive subsidy of micro-CHP technologies would
involve a ‘deemed' feed-in tariff for renewable electricity and heat.
- Figure: The greatest CO2-saving potential comes from immature
microgeneration technologies, mainly fuel cell CHP, which is not yet
commercially available.
- Figure: Policy support is the main driving force behind microgeneration
- Figure: Certain countries and policies have faired better than others at
successfully stimulating specific types of microgeneration uptake
- Figure: The success of individual Member States' support policies is
conditional on country-specific issues that relate to particular technologies,
prevailing energy market conditions, and the way in which policies are
implemented
- Figure: The UK FIT should be supported by financial and non-financial
measures
- Figure: The mass market uptake of microgeneration technologies in the UK
would require a considerable level of taxpayer subsidy
- Figure: As it currently stands, decentralized energy is not best placed to
answer the UK' s concerns relating to carbon emissions
- Figure: As it currently stands, decentralized energy is not best placed to
answer the UK' s concerns relating to carbon emissions
- Figure: Microgeneration will not resolve security of supply concerns and
must be able to adapt to the dynamics of the UK energy market
- Figure: The maximum theoretical saving (before initial capital expenditure
costs) for a micro-turbine currently ranges around the £910 mark
- Figure: Utilities favor solar PV installations by offering some of the
most attractive export and ROC rates and by offering a total of 10 tariffs
- Figure: Of the seven utilities, British gas, EDF and npower offer the
smallest export tariff for hydro at 5p/kWh
- Figure: There are fewer tariffs available for CHP installations than for
the other three types of microgeneration technologies
- Figure: Five problem areas must be resolved now to optimize the incoming
5MW FIT
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