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市場調查報告書
公共事業市場發展的牽引因素:市場基礎面
Utilities Market Drivers: Market Fundamentals
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本報告已在2011年07月19日停止出版。
專門於多樣市場領域之調查分析的英國市調公司 Datamonitor Corporation(總公司:倫敦),針對公共事業市場發展的牽引因素,特別是市場基礎的部份進行相關調查分析,並出版報告書 "Utilities Market Drivers: Market Fundamentals" 。
本報告書從公共事業市場發展的5項牽引因素(市場基礎面、政策及規範、企業策略、零售競爭、技術)當中選擇市場基礎面因素加以分析,內容包括:國別 消費量的成長率、帶動LNG(液化天然瓦斯)生產・供給的全球趨勢預測、在歐盟國家中正在開發的瓦斯・電力的交易據點調查、GDP與能源消費成長率的 關係等調查分析結果。內容綱要摘記如下:
分析
- 歐洲市場中基礎面的變化:中歐・東歐的主導加速變化
- 中歐・東歐的能源需求成長率超過美國、西歐等成熟市場
- 中歐・東歐的能源需求成長率,最大約為美國及英國的4倍
- 中歐・東歐的瓦斯需求成長率在其他地區都在下降的同時,還保持一定的成長水準
- 短期能源需求的成長可能性受到另外4個相互關聯因素的強烈影響
- 中歐・東歐每人平均的能源需求與美國・西歐各國相比,還有大幅成長的空間
- 中歐・東歐的GDP成長率整體來說超過其他地區的預測值
- 外資企業開始矚目可以做為投資對象的中歐和東歐地區市場
- 市場基礎面的變化:能源市場的相互關聯性增加
- 隨著歐洲瓦斯・電力市場逐漸自由化,開發躉售銷售點的必要條件也逐漸明確
- 躉售市場的開發估計將依照預設的模式進行
- 在歐洲最開放的市場英國,由NBP銷售點主導歐洲躉售瓦斯的流動性
- 寫下超越英國NBP的成長率的荷蘭TTF市場還有相當的發展潛力
- 在英國的NBP市場之外開始有幾家新的瓦斯躉售銷售點崛起
- 躉售電力市場現在多處於各種不同的發展階段
- 完全開放市場後的10年內,歐洲地區將出現5個區域電力銷售點
- 完全開放市場後,瓦斯市場的銷售點開發受到個別躉售市場動態及套利產生的綜效所牽引
- 新的基礎建設發展與供應模式的變化:在美國及英國,LNG對市場基礎面的影響有愈來愈大的傾向
- LNG提供了取代管線運輸的長途運輸瓦斯方法
- 歐洲市場中大部份地區已經計劃或開始進行LNG接受基地的建設
- 在美國LNG再度瓦斯化的容量正逐漸擴大
- 隨著LNG各地逐漸成長,歐洲的瓦斯・電力市場的基礎面已由美國主導
- LNG的價值鍊在美國電力領域扮演重要的角色
附錄
- 美國的LNG進口基地(既有的基地・計劃中的基地・被提案的基地)
- 建設完成的基地
- 美國聯邦能源管理委員會(FERC)已認可的基地
- 美國聯邦海運管理局(MARAD)/美國海岸防衛隊(COAST GUARD)已認可的基地
- 加拿大已認可的基地
- 墨西哥已認可的基地
- 向美國聯邦能源管理委員會(FERC)提出申請中的基地
- 向美國聯邦海運管理局(MARAD)/美國海岸防衛隊(COAST GUARD)提出申請中的基地
圖表
Abstract
Overview
Introduction
As the role of LNG continues to grow rapidly in both the US and Europe,
convergence between the two markets grows. Formerly completely separate and
distinct markets responding to autonomous market signals, this convergence
will continue to grow as future market fundamentals shift and LNG supplies
compete for markets on both sides of the Atlantic.
Scope
- data on growth rates in national energy consumption
- global perspective on the drivers for LNG production and supply
- insight into the likely gas and power trading hubs developing within the EU
- knowledge of the relationships between GDP and energy consumption growth
rates internationally
Report Highlights
Central and Eastern Europe are increasingly the main areas of demand growth
within Europe as their high rates of economic growth impact requirements for
both gas and power. With per capita consumption at levels well below those
seen in more mature markets there is no shortage of future growth potential.
There is significant differences both in the current state of energy markets
as well as in the potential future developments within these market. There are
geographic, historical and economic reasons for these differences that ongoing
market liberalisation is likely to only partially normalise.
As natural gas market fundamentals in both Europe and the US have been
dominated by infrastructure build, the high growth rate in the international
market for LNG is an important development as gas is able to be delivered in
the absence of, or indeed in addition to, pipeline gas supplies.
Reasons to Purchase
- understand the implications of continued growth in global LNG trading
- detail stages of market opening and its effect on different segments of
energy markets
- show existing trading hubs within the EU as well as likely future locations
Table of Contents
- DATAMONITOR VIEW
- CATALYST
- SUMMARY
- METHODOLOGY
- ANALYSIS
- Central and Eastern Europe is increasingly taking the lead in terms of
changing European market fundamentals
- Energy demand growth in Central and Eastern Europe has outpaced that
in more mature markets such as the US and Western Europe, though remains
largely below the global average
- Recent power demand growth rates in Central and Eastern European have
been up to four times those seen in the UK and the US
- Recent gas demand growth rates in Central and Eastern Europe have been
in stark contrast to demand declines in more mature markets
- Short term energy demand growth potential is largely influenced by
four key interdependent factors
- CEE per capita energy demand is significantly behind that in the US
and Western Europe indicating strong demand growth potential
- GDP growth rates in CEE are generally above those forecasted for
elsewhere and will more than outweigh population decreases in terms of
energy demand growth
- Foreign players are increasingly turning their attention to the CEE
region as an investment opportunity
- Changing market fundamentals point to increasingly interrelated energy
markets
- As European gas and power markets liberalise, the required factors for
wholesale hub development will begin to emerge further
- The development of wholesale markets tends to follow a preset pattern
of distinct stages
- As Europe's most liberalised gas market, the UK's NBP hub leads
European wholesale gas liquidity
- Significant future potential exists in the Dutch TTF market which has
grown at a faster rate than the UK NBP
- Some fledgling gas hubs are beginning to emerge outside of the UK's
NBP market, currently Europe's most liquid gas market
- A number of wholesale power markets are currently at various stages of
development across Europe
- In the decade after full market opening, five regional power hubs are
likely to emerge across Europe from the existing wholesale markets
- Post full market opening, gas market hub development will be driven by
individual wholesale market dynamics and arbitrage synergies
- New infrastructure development and changing supply patterns mean that
LNG will increasingly drive market fundamentals in Europe and the US
- LNG provides an alternative way to pipelines for moving gas over long
distances
- A large number of European markets are either building or planning new
LNG reception terminals
- European LNG market dynamics have the potential to alter significantly
as new sources of production emerge closer to home
- Significant expansion in LNG regasification capacity is also under way
in the USA
- The growth in global LNG means that European gas and power market
fundamentals will increasingly be driven by the US market
- The LNG value chain is of growing relevance to the US power sector as
well as gas supply utilities
- APPENDIX
- Current, Planned and Proposed US LNG Import Terminals
- CONSTRUCTED
- APPROVED BY FERC
- APPROVED BY MARAD/COAST GUARD
- CANADIAN APPROVED TERMINALS
- MEXICAN APPROVED TERMINALS
- PROPOSED TO FERC
- PROPOSED TO MARAD/COAST GUARD
- Definitions
- Further reading
- Ask the analyst
- List of Figures
- Figure 1: Energy demand growth in Central and Eastern Europe has
outpaced that in more mature markets such as the US and Western Europe,
though remains largely below the global average
- Figure 2: Recent power demand growth rates in Central and Eastern
European have been up to four times those seen in the UK and the US
- Figure 3: Recent gas demand growth rates in Central and Eastern Europe
have been in stark contrast to demand declines in more mature markets
- Figure 4: Short term energy demand growth potential is largely
influenced by four key interdependent factors
- Figure 5: CEE per capita energy demand is significantly behind that in
the US and Western Europe indicating strong demand growth potential
- Figure 6: GDP growth rates in CEE are generally above those forecasted
for elsewhere and will more than outweigh population decreases in terms of
energy demand growth
- Figure 7: As European gas and power markets liberalise, the required
factors for wholesale hub development will begin to emerge further
- Figure 8: The development of wholesale markets tends to follow a
preset pattern of distinct stages
- Figure 9: As Europe's most liberalised gas market, the UK's NBP hub
leads European wholesale gas liquidity
- Figure 10: TTF growth versus NBP growth
- Figure 11: Some fledgling gas hubs are beginning to emerge outside of
the UK's NBP market, currently Europe's most liquid gas market
- Figure 12: A number of wholesale power markets are currently at
various stages of development across Europe
- Figure 13: Likely Power Hubs by 2018
- Figure 14: Likely Gas Hubs by 2018
- Figure 15: LNG provides an alternative way to pipelines for moving gas
over long distances
- Figure 16: A large number of European markets are either building or
planning new LNG reception terminals
- Figure 17: European LNG market dynamics have the potential to alter
significantly as new sources of production emerge closer to home
- Figure 18: Current, Planned and Proposed US LNG Import Terminals
- Figure 19: The growth in global LNG means that European gas and power
market fundamentals will increasingly be driven by the US market
- Figure 20: The LNG value chain is of growing relevance to the US power
sector as well as gas supply utilities
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