兆赫波放射系統：各種技術・市場

兆赫波放射系統：各種技術・市場 是由出版商BCC Research在2008年11月所出版的。 這份英文市場調查報告書包含145 pages 價格從美金4850起跳。

簡介

目錄

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

STUDY BACKGROUND

Over the last 100 years, physicists and engineers have progressively learned to exploit new areas of the electromagnetic spectrum. Starting with visible light, they have developed technologies for generating and detecting radiation at both higher and lower frequencies.

Sandwiched between the optical on the short wavelength side and radio on the long wavelength extreme, the terahertz (THz) frequency range (also called the far infrared or sub-millimeter-wave region) has been the least explored and developed portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The potential usefulness of THz radiation, with its ability to penetrate a wide range of non-conducting materials, has been known for a long time. The first images generated using THz radiation date from as far back as the 1960s.

However, practical applications of THz radiation have been longer in coming, due to the so-called �gterahertz gap.�h The terahertz gap refers to the technologies needed to generate, channel, and detect THz radiation subject to real-world constraints such as size, cost, and operating temperatures. Recent developments in THz ration sources, detectors, and waveguides have started to close the terahertz gap, opening up a range of potential applications in transportation security, medical imaging, non-destructive testing, and other fields.

STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

The overall goals of this report include assessing the technological process that has been made towards bridging the terahertz gap and assessing the commercial potential of THz radiation devices over the next 5 to 10 years. Specific objectives include:

• Identifying the THz applications that are most likely to achieve significant commercial sales by 2018.
• Assessing any remaining barriers to their commercialization, and develop quantitative estimates of potential sales.
• Analyzing promising THz applications in the context of user needs and competing technologies.
• Developing quantitative market projections through 2018.
• Identifying companies that are well positioned to profit from these trends.

INTENDED AUDIENCE

This report is intended especially for marketing executives, entrepreneurs, investors, venture capitalists and other readers with a need to know where the emerging market for THz radiation devices is headed over the next 10 years. Although the report is organized around specific technologies, it is largely non-technical in nature and coverage. That is, it is concerned less with theory and jargon than with what works, how much of the latter the market is likely to purchase, and at what price.

The report has not been written specifically for scientists and technologists. However, the report' s findings concerning the market for their work, including the availability of government and corporate research funding for different technologies and applications should interest them as well.

SCOPE OF REPORT

The report addresses the emerging global market for THz radiation devices, including the classes of devices listed below.

• Imaging devices
• Spectroscopes
• Other sensors
• Communications devices
• Computing devices

The study format includes the following major elements:

• Executive summary
• Definitions
• General properties of THz radiation
• Historical milestones in the development of THz radiation devices
• Emerging and developmental THz radiation technologies and applications that have the greatest commercial potential through 2018
• Detailed market estimates and projections for each technology and application during the period 2007 to 2013
• General assessment of expected market trends in the longer term (2014 to 2018)
• Industry structure
• Patent analysis

INFORMATION SOURCES AND METHODOLOGY

Projecting the market for emerging technologies, whose commercial potential has not yet been proven, is a challenging task. This is nowhere truer than the THz radiation field, which may help to explain why many analysts focus on supply-side technology assessments.

However, BCC' s objective in this report is to provide not just a technology assessment, but also an initial commercial assessment of the potential commercial market for THz devices. To accomplish this objective, BCC used a multiphase approach to identify the technologies with the greatest commercial potential and quantify the related markets.

In the first phase of the analysis, BCC identified a long list of THz technologies and applications, including those that are still under development. In the second phase, BCC eliminated those applications that appear to have little likelihood of making it into commercial use in the next 5 to 10 years, through a literature review and interviews with industry sources. The result of phase two was a short list of THz technologies with the greatest commercial potential over the time period covered by this report.

The third phase focused on quantifying the potential market for each short-listed THz technology, by application, and identifying the main prerequisites for commercial success. Phase three actually had two phases: 1) development of near to mid-term (2008 to 2013) projections and 2) development of longer-term (2014 to 2018) projections.

The development of such long-term projections is a departure from the usual BCC report format, necessitated by the long time frame for commercialization of many of the technologies analyzed in this report. Obviously, the projections for the out-years beyond 2014 are more tentative than the projections for 2008 to 2013.

The specific assumptions and approach BCC used to develop the projections (both near/mid-term and long term) for each THz technology and application are documented in detail under the various segments addressed. This way, readers can see how the market estimates were developed and, if they so desire, test the impact on the final numbers of changing the underlying assumptions.

One of the approaches used by BCC deserves special mention here. Particularly in the case of THz applications that are still under development, BCC used the sales performance of non-THz application that share some of the same functions or other characteristics with the respective THz applications as a benchmark for assessing the latter' s sales potential.

Table of Contents

Chapter- 1: SUMMARY 3

• SUMMARY TABLE 1 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ RADIATION DEVICES AND SYSTEMS, BY TYPE OF SYSTEM, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 6
• SUMMARY FIGURE 1 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ RADIATION DEVICES AND SYSTEMS, BY TYPE OF SYSTEM, 2007-2018 ($ MILLIONS) 7
• SUMMARY TABLE 2 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ RADIATION DEVICES AND SYSTEMS, BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 7
• SUMMARY FIGURE 2 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ RADIATION DEVICES AND SYSTEMS, BY APPLICATION, 2007-2018 ($ MILLIONS) 8

Chapter- 2: OVERVIEW 26

• GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF TERAHERTZ RADIATION 9
• DEFINITION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION 9
• PROPERTIES 9
• Line of Sight Travel 10
• Limited Range 10
• Safety 10
• Ability to Penetrate Non-Conducting Materials 11
• Improved Image Resolution/Contrast 11
• Absorption by Water and Other Materials 11
• Interactions With Metal 12
• Spectral Sensitivity 12
• HISTORY 13
• THZ ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES 14
• THZ SOURCES 15
• Laser Sources 15
• Optically Pumped THz Lasers 15
• Ti:Sapphire Femtosecond Laser 16
• Quantum Cascade Lasers 16
• Free Electron Lasers 17
• Electronic Sources 17
• Backward Wave Oscillators 18
• Direct Multiplied Sources 18
• Photomixing 19
• Hybrid Sources 19
• THZ DETECTORS 19
• Direct Detectors 19
• Bolometers 20
• Golay Cells 20
• Pyroelectric Detectors 21
• Semiconductor Detectors 21
• Heterodyne Receivers 22
• Schottky Mixers 22
• Superconductor-Isolator-Superconductor Mixers 22
• Hot Electron Bolometer Mixers 23
• THZ WAVEGUIDES 23
• Metal Wire Waveguide 23
• Other Types of THz Waveguide 24
• THZ SWITCHES, REGULATORS, LENSES AND OTHER DEVICES 24
• Optically Switched Metamaterial THz Switch 24
• Voltage Controlled Metamaterial THz Modulator 24
• THz Lenses, Filters and Windows 25
• NEW MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES 25
• Nanomaterials 25
• Superconductors 26
• Metamaterials 26
• FIGURE 1 SPLIT RING RESONATOR 27
• Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) 28
• TYPES OF THZ SYSTEMS 29
• IMAGING SYSTEMS 29
• SPECTROSCOPES 30
• SENSORS 30
• COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES 30
• COMPUTERS 30
• POTENTIAL THZ END USES AND APPLICATIONS 31
• TABLE 1 POTENTIAL END USES AND APPLICATIONS OF THZ RADIATION 31
• OVERALL MARKET SIZE AND SEGMENTATION 31
• MARKET SIZE 31
• TABLE 2 MARKET FOR THZ SYSTEMS BY END-USER SEGMENT, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 32
• FIGURE 2 TRENDS IN GLOBAL MARKET FOR THZ SYSTEMS, 2007 - 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 32
• APPLICATION SEGMENTS 33
• FIGURE 3 THZ MARKET SHARES BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2007 - 2018 (% OF TOTAL SALES) 33
• FIGURE 3 (CONTINUED) 34

Chapter- 3: THZ IMAGING SYSTEMS: TECHNOLOGIES, APPLICATIONS, AND MARKETS, 2007 - 2018 29

• TECHNOLOGIES 35
• ACTIVE VS. PASSIVE SYSTEMS 35
• TYPE OF ILLUMINATION 35
• Pulsed Systems 36
• Continuous Wave Systems 36
• TECHNOLOGICAL HURDLES 37
• Power 37
• Spatial Resolution 37
• Signal-to-Noise Ratio 38
• Image Acquisition Speed 38
• Scattering 39
• Cost 39
• Non-Line-of-Sight Applications 39
• MANUFACTURERS 40
• TABLE 3 COMPANIES THAT MANUFACTURE OR ARE DEVELOPING TERAHERTZ IMAGING DEVICES 40
• END USES AND APPLICATIONS 41
• TABLE 4 POTENTIAL THZ IMAGING END USES AND APPLICATIONS 41
• SECURITY/PUBLIC SAFETY 41
• Passenger Screening 41
• HEALTH CARE 42
• Medical Imaging 42
• Intraoperative Imaging 43
• Skin Cancer Detection 44
• Endoscopy 44
• Clinical Dentistry 44
• Diagnostics 45
• MANUFACTURING 45
• Process/Quality Control 45
• TABLE 5 THZ NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING APPLICATIONS 45
• Aerospace 46
• Pharmaceuticals 46
• Semiconductor Wafer and Circuit Inspection and Testing 46
• Other Applications 47
• SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 47
• Astronomy 47
• Art and Archaeology 48
• MILITARY/DEFENSE 48
• Target Acquisition and Identification 49
• Land Mine and IED Detection 49
• MARKETS 49
• TABLE 6 MARKET FOR THZ IMAGING BY END USE, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 50
• FIGURE 4 TRENDS IN GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ IMAGING SYSTEMS, 2007 - 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 50
• FIGURE 5 TRENDS IN THZ IMAGING SYSTEM MARKET SHARES BY TYPE OF APPLICATION, 2007 - 2018 (% OF TOTAL MARKET) 51
• SECURITY AND PUBLIC SAFETY 52
• Passenger Screening 52
• TABLE 7 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ AND OTHER AIRPORT SECURITY SCREENING EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 52
• HEALTH CARE 53
• TABLE 8 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ IMAGING DEVICES FOR HEALTH CARE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 53
• Biomedical Imaging 54
• TABLE 9 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ MEDICAL IMAGING APPLICATIONS, 2007 - 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 54
• Intraoperative Imaging 54
• TABLE 10 GLOBAL MARKET FOR INTRAOPERATIVE IMAGING EQUIMENT, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 54
• FIGURE 6 INTRAOPERATIVE IMAGING TECHNOLOGIES MARKET SHARES, 2007 (PERCENT OF TOTAL INTRAOPERATIVE IMAGING EQUIPMENT SALES) 55
• TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR INTRAOPERATIVE TERAHERTZ IMAGING EQUIMENT, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 56
• Skin Cancer Detection 56
• TABLE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ SKIN CANCER IMAGING EQUIMENT, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 56
• Endoscopy 56
• TABLE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ ENDOSCOPES, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 57
• Clinical Dentistry 57
• TABLE 14 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ DENTAL CARIES IMAGING EQUIMENT, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 58
• Diagnostics 58
• Burn Diagnosis 58
• TABLE 15 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ BURN DIAGNOSTIC INSTRUMENTS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 59
• MANUFACTURING 59
• Non-Destructive Testing 59
• TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ IMAGING EQUIPMENT FOR NDT APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 60
• SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 60
• Astronomy 60
• FIGURE 7 ALMA THZ TELESCOPE ANTENNA COSTS (% OF TOTAL COST OF A 30M ANTENNA) 61
• TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ ASTRONOMICAL IMAGING EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 62
• MILITARY/DEFENSE 62
• Radar Imaging 62
• TABLE 18 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ MILITARY RADAR APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 63

Chapter- 4: TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPES: TECHNOLOGIES, APPLICATIONS, AND MARKETS, 2007 - 2018 7

• TECHNOLOGIES 64
• SOURCES 64
• REFLECTIVE VS. TRANSMISSION DECTECTION 65
• DETECTORS 65
• TECHNOLOGICAL HURDLES 65
• Slow Acquisition Speeds 65
• END USES AND APPLICATIONS 66
• SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 66
• Materials Science 66
• Biochemistry 66
• Plasma Diagnostics 67
• Art and Archaeology 67
• Environmental and Earth Science 68
• MANUFACTURERS 68
• TABLE 19 COMPANIES THAT MANUFACTURE OR ARE DEVELOPING TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPES 68
• MARKETS 69
• SUMMARY 69
• TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPY EQUIPMENT FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 69
• FIGURE 8 TRENDS IN GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPY SYSTEMS, 2007 - 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 70
• SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 70

Chapter- 5: TERAHERTZ SENSORS: TECHNOLOGIES, APPLICATIONS, AND MARKETS, 2007 - 2018 10

• TECHNOLOGIES 71
• THZ BIOCHIPS 71
• MOISTURE DETECTORS 71
• APPLICATIONS 72
• TABLE 21 POTENTIAL THZ SENSOR END USES AND APPLICATIONS 72
• SECURITY AND PUBLIC SAFETY 72
• Chemical Agent Detection 72
• HEALTH CARE 72
• Medical Diagnostics 72
• MANUFACTURING 73
• Process/Quality Control 73
• AGRICULTURE 73
• Measurement of Leaf and Seed Water Content 73
• MILITARY/DEFENCE 74
• Chemical Agent Detection 74
• MARKETS 74
• TABLE 22 MARKET FOR THZ SENSORS BY END-USER SEGMENT THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 74
• FIGURE 9 TRENDS IN GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ SENSORS, 2007 - 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 75
• FIGURE 10 TRENDS IN THZ SENSOR MARKET SHARES BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2007 - 2018 (% OF TOTAL MARKET) 75
• FIGURE 10 (CONTINUED) 76
• SECURITY AND PUBLIC SAFETY 76
• Chemical Agent Detection 76
• TABLE 23 GLOBAL SECURITY/PUBLIC SAFETY MARKET FOR THZ CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENT AND TOXIC CHEMICAL DETECTORS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 77
• HEALTH CARE 77
• Medical Diagnostics 77
• TABLE 24 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ BIOCHIPS USED IN MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 77
• MANUFACTURING 78
• Process/Quality Control 78
• TABLE 25 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ BIOCHIPS USED IN INDUSTRIAL PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 78
• Pathogen Detection 78
• TABLE 26 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ BIOCHIPS USED IN INDUSTRIAL PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 79
• Measurement of Package Moisture Content 79
• TABLE 27 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ BIOCHIPS USED IN INDUSTRIAL PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 79
• AGRICULTURE 79
• TABLE 28 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ MOISTURE SENSORS USED IN AGRICULTURE, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 80
• MILITARY/DEFENCE 80
• TABLE 29 GLOBAL MILITARY/DEFENCE MARKET FOR THZ CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENT AND TOXIC CHEMICAL DETECTORS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 80

Chapter- 6: TERAHERTZ COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS: TECHNOLOGIES, APPLICATIONS, AND MARKETS, 2007 - 2018 13

• TECHNOLOGIES 81
• ANTENNAS 81
• EMITTERS 82
• MODULATORS 83
• FILTERS 84
• END USES AND APPPLICATIONS 85
• SATELLITE-TO-SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 85
• INDOOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 85
• TACTICAL (MILITARY) COMMUNICATIONS 86
• MARKETS 86
• SUMMARY 86
• TABLE 30 MARKET FOR THZ COMMUNICATONS EQUIPMENT BY END-USER SEGMENT, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 87
• FIGURE 11 TRENDS IN GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, 2007 - 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 87
• FIGURE 12 TRENDS IN THZ COMMUNICATION MARKET SHARES BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2007 - 2018 (% OF TOTAL MARKET) 88
• COMMUNICATIONS 88
• TABLE 31 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ DEVICES USED IN CIVILIAN COMMUNICATIONS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 89
• Satellite-to-Satellite Communications 89
• TABLE 32 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ CIVILIAN SATELLITE-TO-SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 90
• Indoor Wireless Communications 90
• TABLE 33 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ INDOOR COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 91
• MILITARY/DEFENCE 91
• TABLE 34 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ COMMUNICATION DEVICES USED IN MILITARY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 92
• Tactical Communications 92
• TABLE 35 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ TACTICAL COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 93
• Military Satellite Communications 93
• TABLE 36 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TERAHERTZ MILITARY SATELLITE-TO-SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 93

Chapter- 7: TERAHERTZ COMPUTING: TECHNOLOGIES, APPLICATIONS, AND MARKETS, 2007 - 2018 3

• TECHNOLOGIES 94
• END USES AND APPLICATIONS 95
• MARKET 95
• TABLE 37 GLOBAL MARKET FOR THZ HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING INTERCONNECTS, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) 96

Chapter- 8: INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 6

• NATIONALITY 97
• FIGURE 13 TERAHERTZ COMPANIES BY NATIONALITY (% OF TOTAL COMPANIES) 97
• FIGURE 13 (CONTINUED) 98
• ANNUAL SALES 98
• FIGURE 14 TERAHERTZ COMPANIES SEGMENTED BY TOTAL ANNUAL REVENUES (% OF ALL THZ COMPANIES) 99
• OWNERSHIP 99
• FIGURE 15 TERAHERTZ COMPANIES BY TYPE OF OWNERSHIP (% OF ALL THZ COMPANIES) 100
• PRODUCT SPECIALIZATION 100
• FIGURE 16 TERAHERTZ COMPANIES SPECIALIZING IN THZ TECHNOLOGY VS. COMPANIES WITH OTHER PRODUCT LINES (% OF ALL THZ COMPANIES) 101
• COMMERCIALIZATION 101
• FIGURE 17 TERAHERTZ COMPANIES WITH COMMERCIAL PRODUCT (% OF ALL THZ COMPANIES) 102

Chapter- 9: GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED THZ RESEARCH PROGRAMS 11

• UNITED STATES 103
• FEDERAL LEVEL INITIATIVES 103
• Department of Defense 104
• Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency 104
• Terahertz Imaging Focal-Plane Technology (TIFT) Project 104
• Mission Adaptable Chemical Sensor (MACS) Project 104
• U.S. Army 104
• U.S. Air Force 105
• U.S. Navy 106
• Department of Homeland Security 106
• Department of Energy 106
• National Aeronautics and Space Administration 107
• National Science Foundation 107
• Integrative, Hybrid, and Complex Systems (IHCS) Program 107
• National Institutes of Health 108
• INDIVIDUAL STATE INITIATIVES 108
• EUROPE 108
• EUROPEAN UNION 108
• Ultra-Fast Electronics for Terahertz Rapid Analysis in Compact Lab-on-Chip Applications (ULTRA) Project 109
• Optically Driven Terahertz Amplifiers (OPTHER) Project 109
• Multispectral Terahertz, Infrared, Visible Imaging and Spectroscopy (MUSIS) Project 110
• Towards 0.5 Terahertz Silicon/Germanium Hetero-Junction Bipolar Technology (DOTFIVE) Project 111
• European Space Agency 111
• Individual Governments 111
• Germany 112
• United Kingdom 112
• Italy 112
• JAPAN 113

Chapter- 10: PATENT ANALYSIS 8

• FIGURE 18 SUMMARY OF U.S. TERAHERTZ TECHNOLOGY PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS AS OF OCT. 8, 2008 (% OF TOTAL THZ PATENTS AND APPLICATIONS IDENTIFIED) 114
• FIGURE 18 (CONTINUED) 115
• FIGURE 19 U.S. PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS FOR THZ COMPONENTS AND SUBSYSTEMS AS OF OCT. 8, 2008 (% OF TOTAL THZ PATENTS AND APPLICATIONS IDENTIFIED) 116
• FIGURE 20 U.S. PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS FOR COMPLETE THZ SYSTEMS AS OF OCT. 8, 2008 (% OF TOTAL THZ PATENTS AND APPLICATIONS IDENTIFIED) 117
• FIGURE 20 (CONTINUED) 118
• FIGURE 21 U.S. TERAHERTZ TECHNOLOGY PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS BY NATIONALITY OF GRANTEE OR APPLICANT AS OF OCT. 8, 2008 (% OF TOTAL THZ PATENTS AND APPLICATIONS IDENTIFIED) 118
• FIGURE 21 (CONTINUED) 119
• FIGURE 22 U.S. TERAHERTZ TECHNOLOGY PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS BY TYPE OF GRANTEE OR APPLICANT AS OF OCT. 8, 2008 (% OF TOTAL THZ PATENTS AND APPLICATIONS IDENTIFIED) 120
• TABLE 38 MAJOR THZ IP PORTFOLIOS (NUMBER OF U.S. PATENTS/PATENT APPLICATIONS) 121

Chapter- 11: APPENDIX: COMPANY PROFILES 29

APPENDIX A: COMPANY PROFILES 122

• COMPANIES THAT ARE PRODUCING OR KNOWN TO BE DEVELOPING THZ RADIATION-BASED PRODUCTS 122
• AB MILLIMETRE 122
• ACREO AB 122
• ADVANTEST CORP. 123
• ALPES LASERS SA 123
• APPLIED RESEARCH AND PHOTONICS, INC. 123
• BAE SYSTEMS PLC 123
• BROADBAND, INC. 124
• BRUKER OPTICS INC. 124
• CANON INC. 124
• COHERENT, INC. 125
• DEL MAR PHOTONICS, INC. 125
• EMCORE CORP. 125
• FEMTOLASERS PRODUKTIONS GMBH 126
• GOODRICH CORP. 126
• INSIGHT PRODUCT CO. 126
• INNOVATIVE PHOTONICS SOLUTIONS, INC. 127
• LOCKHEED MARTIN SPACE SYSTEMS 127
• LOEFFLER TECHNOLOGY GMBH 127
• M SQUARED LASERS LTD. 127
• MICROTECH INSTRUMENTS, INC. 128
• NOVATRANS GROUP SA 128
• NP PHOTONICS, INC. 129
• OPHIR-SPIRICON INC. 129
• PICOMETRIX, LLC 129
• QMC INSTRUMENTS LTD. 130
• RADIABEAM TECHNOLOGIES LLC 130
• RAYTHEON CO. 131
• SARNOFF CORP. 131
• SCIENCETECH INC. 131
• SMITHS DETECTION, INC. 132
• SPECTRUM DETECTOR, INC. 132
• SPIRE CORP. 133
• TERAPHYSICS CORP. 133
• TERAVIEW LTD. 133
• THOMAS KEATING LTD. 134
• THRUVISION LTD. 135
• TOCHIGI NIKON CORP. 135
• TOPTICA PHOTONICS AG 136
• TOSHIBA CORPORATION 136
• T-RAY SCIENCE, INC. 136
• VERMONT PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGIES CORP. 137
• VIRGINIA DIODES, INC. 137
• ZOMEGA TERAHERTZ CORP. 137
• OTHER COMPANIES THAT ARE CONDUCTING OR HAVE CONDUCTED THZ RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 138
• OTHER COMPANIES・ ・ ・ ・ ・ (CONTINUED) 139
• OTHER COMPANIES・ ・ ・ ・ ・ (CONTINUED) 140

APPENDIX B: THZ RESEARCH PROGRAMS 141

• NORTH AMERICA-BASED ORGANIZATIONS 141
• ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY 141
• JEFFERSON NATIONAL ACCELERATOR FACILITY FREE ELECTRON LASER PROGRAM 142
• LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY 142
• LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY 142
• OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY TERAHERTZ RESEARCH LABORATORY 143
• RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE CENTER FOR TERAHERTZ RESEARCH 143
• SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORY 144
• UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA (SANTA BARBARA) CENTER FOR TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 144
• UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO MICROWAVE AND TERAHERTZ PHOTONICS INTEGRATED SYSTEM LAB 145
• FOREIGN-BASED ORGANIZATIONS 145
• ASIA 145
• Osaka University Institute of Laser Engineering Division of LaserTerahertz Research 145
• Rikagaku Kenkyusho (RIKEN) Terahertz-Wave Research Group 146
• EUROPE 146
• Aachen University Institute for Semiconductor Electronics 146
• Czech Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Terahertz Spectroscopy 146
• Braunschweig Technical University Terahertz Communication Lab 147
• Fraunhoer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques 147
• Leibniz Gemeinschaft/German Teraherz Center 147
• National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics Terahertz and Low Temperature Group 148
• Oxford University Terahertz Photonics Group 149
• Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Terahertz Group 149
• Technical University of Vienna Photonics Institute THZ Group 149
• University of Leeds Institute of Microwaves and Photonics THz Imaging Group 150

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