全球發酵原料市場

全球發酵原料市場 是由出版商BCC Research在2009年06月所出版的。 這份英文市場調查報告書包含139 pages 價格從美金4850起跳。

簡介

目錄

Abstract

STUDY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES

This report is an update of GA-103 - World Market for Fermentation Ingredients (Business Communications Co., Inc., 2000), which referred to the fermentation ingredients market situation of 1998. The fermentation industry in the past 6 years has changed dramatically. While the main categories of fermentation products reviewed in 1998 are still the same, the industry structure within the categories has developed strongly in terms of technology, markets, and in terms of producing companies.

In crude antibiotics, fermentation still plays a dominating role. However, most antibiotics currently sold are manufactured by a combination of fermentation and chemical synthesis. The price erosion for crude penicillins, cephalosporins, and for intermediates and building blocks, which was already starting in the mid-1990s, continued because of Chinese competition and because of overcapacities. Smaller Western producers dropped out of the business, developed into specialized markets, or switched to the manufacturing of semi-synthetic products. Backward or forward integration helped as a main survival strategy. The production routes for organic acids were streamlined. The demand for citric acid, the main product in this category, increased strongly. Prices fell until 2002, with the consequence that smaller producers went out of business, and the larger ones added more capacity to profit from economy of scale. After 2002, the market situation stabilized.

Amino acids represented by lysine, monosodium glutamate (MSG), and some others show the same trend. The demand for lysine increased dramatically, and many new capacities were added. Also, threonine and tryptophan developed strongly, while prices for these products trended downward.

Enzymes as typical chemical intermediates enjoy a high popularity, and to the extent that they are used in food processing, they developed in line with the growth of the final end products. Enzymes used in feed, such as carbohydrases and phytase, are becoming increasingly more popular, not only in Europe and the U.S., but also on a global scale. Polysaccharides, such as xanthan, show characteristics similar to enzymes, as they are also mainly used in food production.

In the category of vitamins, vitamin C is still the main product, with one fermentation step as part of the overall production route. A full fermentation route exists, however; but it has not yet been installed on a large scale. The production of riboflavin is now a full-fermentation process, and the synthetic route has almost completely disappeared.

Carotenoides are still mainly produced by chemical synthesis; however, there are attractive advances in fermentation that might enable a complete switch of the technology to fermentation within a couple of years, at least as far as beta-carotene and astaxanthin are concerned.

In the past it was possible to allocate fermenter capacities to output, a consequence to the production value for all categories. This systematic allocation is no longer possible for antibiotics and is hardly possible for enzymes nowadays. Only for organic acids, amino acids, polysaccharides, and to some extent for vitamins does such a relationship still exist. Due to strong improvements of efficiencies, but especially because of the modified production routes, fermenter size does not mean much in estimating production capabilities, such as those of antibiotics. Production costs and production pathways are increasingly important. Still, all fermentation processes depend on carbohydrates. And the availability and costs of carbohydrates has changed dramatically and is about to change even more fundamentally in the coming years. In the past years, China was the preferred production site for many fermentation products, but there are signs that this is to change. As a consequence, this report focuses on the market for major fermentation products and their inter-relationships with and dependency on carbohydrates.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION XX

• STUDY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES XX
• REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY XXI
• SCOPE AND FORMAT XXII
• METHODOLOGIES XXII
• INFORMATION SOURCES XXII
• ABOUT THE AUTHOR XXII
• RELATED BCC PUBLICATIONS XXIII
• BCC ON-LINE SERVICES XXIII
• DISCLAIMER XXIV

SUMMARY XXV

• SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR FERMENTATION PRODUCTS BY CATEGORY, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) XXVI
• SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR FERMENTATION PRODUCTS BY CATEGORY, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) XXVII

OVERVIEW OF MAIN FERMENTATION CATEGORIES AND PRODUCTS 1

• FERMENTATION OF ANTIBIOTICS 1
• CLASSIFICATION 1
• Classification (Continued) 2
• TABLE 1 CATEGORIZATION OF BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS 3
• TABLE 2 CLASSIFICATION OF NON-BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS 3
• TABLE (CONTINUED) 4
• DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMPTION AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS 4
• TABLE 3 STRUCTURE OF GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF FERMENTATIONDERIVED CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS BY PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 5
• TABLE 4 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF FERMENTATION-DERIVED CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS BY APPLICATION AND REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 6
• TABLE 5 DEVELOPMENT OF EFFICIENCY IN PENICILLIUM PRODUCTION 6
• PRICE DEVELOPMENT 7
• TABLE 6 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRUDE PENICILLIUM PRICES, 1990-2004 ($/KG) 8
• TABLE 7 OVERVIEW OF PRICES FOR MAJOR FERMENTATION- DERIVED ANTIBIOTICS, 2004 ($/KG) 8
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 8
• TABLE 8 OVERVIEW OF EUROPEAN ANTIBIOTICS PRODUCERS, 2004 9
• TABLE 9 OVERVIEW OF NORTH AMERICAN ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCERS, 2004 10
• TABLE 10 OVERVIEW OF ASIAN ANTIBIOTICS PRODUCERS, 2004 (EXCLUDING CHINA) 10
• TABLE 11 OVERVIEW OF MAJOR CHINESE ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCERS, 2004 11
• TABLE 12 OVERVIEW OF ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCERS IN THE REST OF THE WORLD, 2004 11
• Market Shares 11
• TABLE 13 MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 12
• FIGURE 1 MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 12
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 12
• Future Demand 13
• Future Prices 13
• Future Market Value 13
• TABLE 14 CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND FOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS BY REGION, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 14
• FIGURE 2 CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND FOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS BY REGION, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 14
• Industry Structure 15
• FERMENTATION OF ORGANIC ACIDS 15
• CITRIC ACID 15
• Development of Consumption 16
• TABLE 15 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF CITRIC ACID CONSUMPTION, 1983-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 16
• TABLE 16 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF CITRIC ACID BY APPLICATION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 16
• TABLE 17 CONSUMPTION OF CITRIC ACID BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 17
• Price Developments 17
• TABLE 18 DEVELOPMENT OF CITRIC ACID ANHYDRITE PRICES, 1980-2004 ($/KG) 17
• Market Value 17
• TABLE 19 MARKET VALUE OF FERMENTATION DERIVED CITRIC ACID BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 18
• TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF FERMENTATION DERIVED CITRIC ACID BY APPLICATION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 18
• Industry Structure 18
• TABLE 21 MARKET SHARES OF CITRIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 19
• FIGURE 3 MARKET SHARES OF CITRIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 19
• TABLE 22 RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE 10 LEADING CITRIC ACID PRODUCERS IN CHINA, 2004 (%) 20
• Current and Future Demand 20
• TABLE 23 GLOBAL VOLUME MARKET AND AVERAGE PRICE FOR FERMENTATION DERIVED CITRIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009
• (THOUSAND TONS AND $/KG) 21
• TABLE 24 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE FOR FERMENTATION DERIVED CITRIC ACID BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 22
• FIGURE 4 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE FOR FERMENTATION DERIVED CITRIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 22
• GLUCONIC ACID 23
• Development of Consumption 23
• TABLE 25 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF GLUCONIC ACID CONSUMPTION, 1985-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 23
• TABLE 26 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF GLUCONIC ACID BY APPLICATION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 23
• Price Development 24
• TABLE 27 PRICES FOR GLUCONIC ACID, DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION, 2004 24
• Market Value 24
• TABLE 28 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE STRUCTURE OF GLUCONIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 25
• Industry Structure 25
• TABLE 29 MARKET SHARES OF GLUCONIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 25
• FIGURE 5 MARKET SHARES OF GLUCONIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 26
• Current and Future Demand 26
• TABLE 30 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GLUCONIC ACID BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 27
• FIGURE 6 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GLUCONIC ACID BY APPLICATION, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 27
• LACTIC ACID 28
• Development of Consumption 28
• TABLE 31 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF LACTIC ACID CONSUMPTION, 1990-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 28
• TABLE 32 STRUCTURE OF GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 28
• Price Development 29
• Market Value 29
• TABLE 33 STRUCTURE OF THE GLOBAL MARKET VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE FOR LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 29
• Industry Structure 30
• TABLE 34 MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR LACTIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 30
• FIGURE 7 MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR LACTIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 30
• Current and Future Demand 31
• TABLE 35 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 (THOUSAND TONS) 31
• TABLE 36 CURRENT AND FUTURE PRICES FOR LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 ($/KG) 32
• TABLE 37 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL VALUE FOR LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 32
• FIGURE 8 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL VALUE OF LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 33
• ITACONIC ACID 33
• Price Development 33
• Market Value 34
• Current and Future Demand 34
• SUMMARY OF ORGANIC ACIDS 34
• TABLE 38 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF ORGANIC ACIDS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 35
• FIGURE 9 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF ORGANIC ACIDS BY TYPE, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 35

FERMENTATION OF AMINO ACIDS 36

• LYSINE 36
• DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMPTION 36
• TABLE 39 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF LYSINE CONSUMPTION, 1993-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 36
• TABLE 40 DEVELOPMENT OF LYSINE CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2000-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 37
• PRICE DEVELOPMENTS 37
• TABLE 41 PRICE DEVELOPMENT OF LYSINE, 1998-2004 ($/KG) 38
• MARKET VALUE 38
• TABLE 42 DEVELOPMENT OF LYSINE GLOBAL MARKET VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE, 2000-2004 (THOUSAND TONS, $/KG AND $ MILLIONS) 39
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 39
• TABLE 43 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF AJINOMOTO' S LYSINE PRODUCTION BY REGION, 2001-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 39
• TABLE 44 GLBOAL DEVELOPMENT KYOWA' S LYSINE PRODUCTION BY REGION, 2001-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 40
• TABLE 45 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADM, BASF, AND DEGUSSA' S LYSINE PRODUCTION BY REGION, 2001-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 40
• TABLE 46 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF LYSINE PRODUCTION OF OTHER COMPANIES BY REGION, 2001-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 40
• TABLE 46 (CONTINUED) 41
• TABLE 47 MARKET SHARES OF LYSINE PRODUCERS, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 41
• FIGURE 10 MARKET SHARES OF LYSINE PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 42
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 42
• TABLE 48 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR LYSINE BY REGION, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 43
• TABLE 49 GLOBAL LYSINE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST, THROUGH 2009 44
• THREONINE 44
• DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMPTION 44
• TABLE 50 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF THREONINE CONSUMPTION, 1990-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 44
• TABLE 51 USE OF THREONINE FOR FEED BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 45
• PRICE DEVELOPMENTS 45
• MARKET VALUE 46
• TABLE 52 GLOBAL THREONINE MARKET VALUE BY REGION AND APPLICATIONS, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 46
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 46
• TABLE 53 MARKET SHARE OF THREONINE PRODUCERS, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 47
• FIGURE 11 MARKET SHARES OF THREONINE PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 47
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 48
• TABLE 54 THREONINE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST - VALUE, VOLUME, AVERAGE PRICE - BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 48
• TABLE 54 (CONTINUED) 49
• TRYPTOPHAN 49
• DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMPTION 49
• TABLE 55 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF TRYPTOPHAN CONSUMPTION, 1990-2004 (TONS) 49
• TABLE 56 CONSUMPTION OF TRYPOTOPHAN BY APPLICATION AND REGION, 2004 (TONS) 50
• PRICE DEVELOPMENT 50
• TABLE 57 PRICE DEVELOPMENT OF TRYPTOPHAN BY APPLICATION, 1995-2004 ($/KG) 50
• MARKET VALUE 50
• TABLE 58 STRUCTURE OF TRYPTOPHAN MARKET VALUE BY REGION AND APPLICATIONS, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 51
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 51
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 51
• TABLE 59 GLOBAL TRYPTOPHAN INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST - VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE - BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 52
• MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE 52
• DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMPTION 52
• TABLE 60 DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL MSG CONSUMPTION, 1985-2004 (MILLION TONS) 53
• TABLE 61 MSG CONSUMPTION BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA, 2004 (MILLION TONS) 53
• PRICE DEVELOPMENT 53
• MARKET VALUE 53
• TABLE 62 MARKET VALUE OF MSG BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 54
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 54
• TABLE 63 MARKET SHARE OF MSG PRODUCERS IN EUROPE, NORTH AMERICA, AND LATIN AMERICA, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 54
• TABLE 64 MARKET SHARE OF MSG PRODUCERS IN ASIA, EXCLUDING CHINA, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 55
• TABLE 65 MARKET SHARE OF MSG PRODUCERS IN CHINA, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 55
• TABLE 66 MARKET SHARES OF MSG PRODUCERS, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 56
• FIGURE 12 MARKET SHARES OF MSG PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 57
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 57
• TABLE 67 CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND FOR MSG BY REGION, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 58
• TABLE 68 GLOBAL MSG INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST - VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE, THROUGH 2009 58
• SUMMARY OF FERMENTATION-DERIVED AMINO ACIDS 59
• TABLE 69 FORECAST FOR THE GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF FERMENTATIONDERIVED AMINO ACIDS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 59
• FIGURE 13 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE FORECAST FOR FERMENTATIONDERIVED AMINO ACIDS BY TYPE, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 59
• XANTHAN 60
• DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMPTION 60
• TABLE 70 DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL XANTHAN CONSUMPTION, 1986-2004 (TONS) 60
• TABLE 71 GLOBAL XANTHAN CONSUMPTION BY APPLICATION, 2004 (TONS) 61
• TABLE 72 XANTHAN CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2004 (TONS) 61
• PRICE DEVELOPMENT 62
• TABLE 73 DEVELOPMENT OF XANTHAN PRICES, 1986-2004 ($/KG) 62
• MARKET VALUE 62
• TABLE 74 GLOBAL XANTHAN MARKET VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE, 1990-2004 62
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 63
• TABLE 75 MARKET SHARE OF XANTHAN PRODUCERS BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 63
• FIGURE 14 MARKET SHARE OF XANTHAN PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 64
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 64
• PRICE DEVELOPMENT 65
• TABLE 76 XANTHAN INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST - VALUE, VOLUME AND PRICE, THROUGH 2009 65

INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES 66

• DEVELOPMENT OF DEMAND 66
• TABLE 77 EXAMPLES OF ENZYME CATEGORIES AND THEIR SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS 66
• TABLE 78 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET VALUE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES BY APPLICATIONS, 1994-2004 ($ MILLIONS) 67
• TABLE 79 STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRIALENZYME USE BY TYPE IN THE DETERGENT SECTOR BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 67
• TABLE 80 STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYME USE BY TYPE IN THE TEXTILE AND LEATHER SECTOR BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 68
• TABLE 81 STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYME USE BY TYPE IN THE FOOD SECTOR BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 68
• TABLE 82 STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYME USE BY TYPE IN THE FEED SECTOR BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 69
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 69
• TABLE 83 MARKET SHARES OF ENZYME PRODUCERS WITH SPECIALTIES, 2004 (%) 70
• FIGURE 15 MARKET SHARES OF ENZYME PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 70
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 71
• TABLE 84 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 72
• FIGURE 16 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 AND 2009 72
• VITAMINS AND CAROTENOIDS 73
• RIBOFLAVIN 73
• DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMPTION 73
• TABLE 85 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF RIBOFLAVIN CONSUMPTION BY APPLICATION, 1989-2004 (TONS) 74
• PRICE DEVELOPMENT 74
• TABLE 86 DEVELOPMENT OF (PURE) VITAMIN B2 (RIBOFLAVIN) PRICES, 1989-2004 ($/KG) 74
• MARKET VALUE 74
• TABLE 87 STRUCTURE OF RIBOFLAVIN MARKET VALUE BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 75
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 75
• TABLE 88 MARKET SHARES OF RIBOFLAVIN PRODUCERS, 2004 (TONS, %) 75
• FIGURE 17 MARKET SHARES OF RIBOFLAVIN PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 76
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 76
• TABLE 89 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR RIBOFLAVIN BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 77
• FIGURE 18 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR RIBOFLAVIN BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 77
• CYANOCOBALAMIN 77
• DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMPTION 78
• TABLE 90 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF VITAMIN B12 CONSUMPTION BY APPLICATION, 1995-2004 (TONS) 78
• PRICE DEVELOPMENT 78
• TABLE 91 PRICE DEVELOPMENT OF VITAMIN B12, 1989-2004 ($/KG) 79
• MARKET VALUE 79
• TABLE 92 DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF B12 BY APPLICATIONS, 2000-2004 ($ MILLIONS) 79
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 79
• TABLE 93 MARKET SHARES OF B12 PRODUCERS, 2004 ($ MILLIONS, %) 80
• FIGURE 19 MARKET SHARES OF B12 PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 80
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 80
• TABLE 94 GLOBAL CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND FOR VITAMIN B12 BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 81
• FIGURE 20 GLOBAL CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND FOR VITAMIN B12 BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 81
• ASCORBIC ACID 82
• DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMPTION 82
• TABLE 95 DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL ASCORBIC ACID CONSUMPTION, 1990-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 82
• TABLE 96 GLOBAL ASCORBIC ACID CONSUMPTION BY APPLICATION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 82
• TABLE 97 CONSUMPTION OF ASCORBIC ACID BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 83
• PRICE DEVELOPMENT 83
• TABLE 98 PRICE DEVELOPMENT OF CRYSTALLINE ASCORBIC ACID, 1990-2004 ($/KG) 84
• MARKET VALUE 84
• TABLE 99 STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF ASCORBIC ACID MARKET VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE, 1995-2004 84
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 84
• TABLE 100 MARKET SHARES OF VITAMIN C PRODUCERS, 1985-2004 (%) 85
• FIGURE 21 MARKET SHARES OF VITAMIN C PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 85
• TABLE 101 PRODUCTION AND MARKET SHARE OF VITAMIN C BY CHINESE COMPANIES, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 86
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 86
• TABLE 102 ASCORBIC ACID INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST - VOLUME, VALUE AND AVERAGE PRICE, THROUGH 2009 87
• ERYTHORBIC ACID 87
• DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMPTION 88
• TABLE 103 DEVELOPMENT OF ERYTHORBIC ACID GLOBAL CONSUMPTION, 2000-2004 (TONS) 88
• PRICE DEVELOPMENT 88
• TABLE 104 DEVELOPMENT OF ERYTHORBIC ACID PRICES, 1995-2004 ($/KG) 88
• MARKET VALUE 89
• TABLE 105 STRUCTURE OF ERYTHOROBIC ACID MARKET VALUE BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 89
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 89
• TABLE 106 MARKET SHARES OF ERYTHORBIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (TONS, %) 89
• FIGURE 22 MARKET SHARES OF ERYTHORBIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 90
• CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND 90
• TABLE 107 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE OF ERYTHORBIC ACID, THROUGH 2009 91
• CAROTENOIDS 91
• BETA-CAROTENE 91
• ASTAXANTHIN 92
• LYCOPENE 92

SUMMARY OF THE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE OF FERMENTATIONDERIVED FINE CHEMICALS 93

• TABLE 108 OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL MARKET FOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED FINE CHEMICALS BY TYPE BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 93
• FIGURE 23 OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL MARKET FOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED FINE CHEMICALS BY TYPE BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 94
• TABLE 109 OVERVIEW OF MARKET FOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED FINE CHEMICALS BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 94
• TABLE 109 (CONTINUED) 95
• TABLE 110 OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL MARKET FOR FORECAST FOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED FINE CHEMICALS BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 95
• TABLE 111 OVERALL MARKET SHARES OF FERMENTATION-DERIVED FINE CHEMICAL PRODUCERS, 2004 ($ BILLIONS, MILLION TONS, %) 96
• FIGURE 24 OVERALL MARKET SHARES OF FERMENTATION PRODUCT PRODUCERS BY VALUE, 2004 (% OF TOTAL VALUE) 97
• FIGURE 25 OVERALL MARKET SHARES OF FERMENTATION PRODUCT PRODUCERS BY VOLUME, 2004 (% OF VOLUME) 98

RELEVANCE OF CARBOHYDRATES FOR FERMENTATION PRODUCTS 99

• OVERVIEW 99
• TABLE 112 EXAMPLES OF BACTERIA AND FUNGI IN USE FOR FERMENTATIONS 100
• TABLE 113 CARBOHYDRATE CONVERSION RATES FOR FERMENTATION PRODUCTS BY SELECTED FERMENTATION PROCESSES (%) 101
• TABLE 114 CARBOHYDRATE DEMAND FOR THE FERMENTATION OF REVIEWED PRODUCTS, 2004 (TONS) 102
• FIGURE 26 CARBOHYDRATE DEMAND FOR THE FERMENTATION OF SOME REVIEWED PRODUCTS, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 102
• TABLE 115 PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED PRODUCTS BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 103
• TABLE 116 CARBOHYDRATE DEMAND FOR MAJOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED PRODUCTS BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 103
• FIGURE 27 CARBOHYDRATE DEMAND FOR MAJOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED PRODUCTS BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 104
• TABLE 117 PRODUCTION COSTS FOR SOME FERMENTATION PRODUCTS AND THE RELEVANCE OF CARBOHYDRATE COSTS, 2004 105
• CARBOHYDRATE SOURCES 105
• THE MOLASSES MARKET 105
• MOLASSES PRODUCTION 106
• TABLE 118 DEVELOPMENT OF MOLASSES PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, 1998-2004 (MILLION TONS) 106
• TABLE 119 DEVELOPMENT OF MOLASSES USE BY REGION, 2004 (MILLION TONS) 107
• TABLE 120 DEVELOPMENT OF MOLASSES PRICES, 1992-2004 ($/TON) 107
• THE GLUCOSE, DEXTROSE MARKET 108
• FIGURE 28 PRODUCTION PROCESS FOR GLUCOSE SYRUPS 108
• TABLE 121 GLUCOSE CONVERSION RATES OF VARIOUS STARCHCONTAINING GRAINS AND TUBERS 109
• TABLE 122 DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL GLUCOSE PRODUCTION FOR FERMENTATION AND FOOD, 1992-2004 (MILLION TONS) 109
• TABLE 123 USE OF GLUCOSE FOR FERMENTATION AND FOODS BY REGION, 2004 (MILLION TONS) 110
• PRICE DEVELOPMENTS 110
• Glucose Derived from Corn 110
• TABLE 124 DEVELOPMENT OF CORN, CORN OIL, CORN GLUTEN, AND CORN GLUTEN FEED MEAL PRICES, 1985-2004 ($/TON) 111
• TABLE 125 U.S. PRODUCTION COSTS FOR CORN-DERIVED GLUCOSE, 2004 111
• TABLE 126 DEVELOPMENT OF GLUCOSE PRICES IN THE U.S., 1990-2004 (FERMENTATION GRADE, LIQUID, DIRECT. USD/T DRY WEIGHT) 112
• EU Production Costs of Glucose Derived from Wheat 112
• TABLE 127 EU PRODUCTION COSTS OF GLUCOSE FROM WHEAT, 2004 112
• TABLE 128 DEVELOPMENT OF WHEAT AND GLUCOSE PRICES IN THE EU, 1987-2004 ($/TON) 113
• FIGURE 29 DEVELOPMENT OF GLUCOSE PRICES IN THE EU AND U.S., 1992-2004 ($ MILLIONS) 114
• Glucose Derived from Cassava 114
• Saccharose for Fermentation 115
• TABLE 129 OVERVIEW OF SACCHAROSE PRICES APPLICABLE TO FERMENTATION BY REGION, 2004 ($/TON) 115
• FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS AND RELEVANCE FOR THE GLOBAL FERMENTATION INDUSTRY 116
• TABLE 130 DEVELOPMENT OF GRAIN (WHEAT AND CORN) HARVESTS BY REGION, THROUGH 2003 (MILLION TONS) 116
• TABLE 131 PRICE DEVELOPMENT FORECAST FOR FERMENTATION-GRADE GLUCOSE/DEXTROSE, THROUGH 2009 ($/TON) 117

LIST OF TABLES

SUMMARY TABLE:

• GLOBAL MARKET FOR FERMENTATION PRODUCTS BY CATEGORY, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) XXVI
• TABLE 1 CATEGORIZATION OF BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS 3
• TABLE 2 CLASSIFICATION OF NON-BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS 3
• TABLE (CONTINUED) 4
• TABLE 3 STRUCTURE OF GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF FERMENTATION-DERIVED CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS BY PRODUCT
• CATEGORY, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 5
• TABLE 4 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF FERMENTATION-DERIVED CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS BY APPLICATION AND REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 6
• TABLE 5 DEVELOPMENT OF EFFICIENCY IN PENICILLIUM PRODUCTION 6
• TABLE 6 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRUDE PENICILLIUM PRICES, 1990-2004 ($/KG) 8
• TABLE 7 OVERVIEW OF PRICES FOR MAJOR FERMENTATIONDERIVED ANTIBIOTICS, 2004 ($/KG) 8
• TABLE 8 OVERVIEW OF EUROPEAN ANTIBIOTICS PRODUCERS, 2004 9
• TABLE 9 OVERVIEW OF NORTH AMERICAN ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCERS, 2004 10
• TABLE 10 OVERVIEW OF ASIAN ANTIBIOTICS PRODUCERS, 2004 (EXCLUDING CHINA) 10
• TABLE 11 OVERVIEW OF MAJOR CHINESE ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCERS, 2004 11
• TABLE 12 OVERVIEW OF ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCERS IN THE REST OF THE WORLD, 2004 11
• TABLE 13 MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 12
• TABLE 14 CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND FOR FERMENTATIONDERIVED CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS BY REGION, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 14
• TABLE 15 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF CITRIC ACID CONSUMPTION, 1983-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 16
• TABLE 16 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF CITRIC ACID BY APPLICATION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 16
• TABLE 17 CONSUMPTION OF CITRIC ACID BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 17
• TABLE 18 DEVELOPMENT OF CITRIC ACID ANHYDRITE PRICES, 1980-2004 ($/KG) 17
• TABLE 19 MARKET VALUE OF FERMENTATION DERIVED CITRIC ACID BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 18
• TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF FERMENTATION DERIVED CITRIC ACID BY APPLICATION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 18
• TABLE 21 MARKET SHARES OF CITRIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 19
• TABLE 22 RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE 10 LEADING CITRIC ACID PRODUCERS IN CHINA, 2004 (%) 20
• TABLE 23 GLOBAL VOLUME MARKET AND AVERAGE PRICE FOR FERMENTATION DERIVED CITRIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 (THOUSAND TONS AND $/KG) 21
• TABLE 24 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE FOR FERMENTATION DERIVED CITRIC ACID BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 22
• TABLE 25 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF GLUCONIC ACID CONSUMPTION, 1985-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 23
• TABLE 26 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF GLUCONIC ACID BY APPLICATION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 23
• TABLE 27 PRICES FOR GLUCONIC ACID, DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION, 2004 24
• TABLE 28 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE STRUCTURE OF GLUCONIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 25
• TABLE 29 MARKET SHARES OF GLUCONIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 25
• TABLE 30 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GLUCONIC ACID BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 27
• TABLE 31 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF LACTIC ACID CONSUMPTION, 1990-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 28
• TABLE 32 STRUCTURE OF GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 28
• TABLE 33 STRUCTURE OF THE GLOBAL MARKET VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE FOR LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS,
• 2004 29
• TABLE 34 MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR LACTIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 30
• TABLE 35 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 (THOUSAND TONS) 31
• TABLE 36 CURRENT AND FUTURE PRICES FOR LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 ($/KG) 32
• TABLE 37 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL VALUE FOR LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 32
• TABLE 38 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF ORGANIC ACIDS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 35
• TABLE 39 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF LYSINE CONSUMPTION, 1993-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 36
• TABLE 40 DEVELOPMENT OF LYSINE CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2000-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 37
• TABLE 41 PRICE DEVELOPMENT OF LYSINE, 1998-2004 ($/KG) 38
• TABLE 42 DEVELOPMENT OF LYSINE GLOBAL MARKET VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE, 2000-2004 (THOUSAND TONS, $/KG AND $ MILLIONS) 39
• TABLE 43 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF AJINOMOTO' S LYSINE PRODUCTION BY REGION, 2001-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 39
• TABLE 44 GLBOAL DEVELOPMENT KYOWA' S LYSINE PRODUCTION BY REGION, 2001-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 40
• TABLE 45 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADM, BASF, AND DEGUSSA' S LYSINE PRODUCTION BY REGION, 2001-2004 (THOUSAND
• TONS) 40
• TABLE 46 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF LYSINE PRODUCTION OF OTHER COMPANIES BY REGION, 2001-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 40
• TABLE 46 (CONTINUED) 41
• TABLE 47 MARKET SHARES OF LYSINE PRODUCERS, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 41
• TABLE 48 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR LYSINE BY REGION, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 43
• TABLE 49 GLOBAL LYSINE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST, THROUGH 2009 44
• TABLE 50 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF THREONINE CONSUMPTION, 1990-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 44
• TABLE 51 USE OF THREONINE FOR FEED BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 45
• TABLE 52 GLOBAL THREONINE MARKET VALUE BY REGION AND APPLICATIONS, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 46
• TABLE 53 MARKET SHARE OF THREONINE PRODUCERS, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 47
• TABLE 54 THREONINE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST - VALUE, VOLUME, AVERAGE PRICE - BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 48
• TABLE 54 (CONTINUED) 49
• TABLE 55 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF TRYPTOPHAN CONSUMPTION, 1990-2004 (TONS) 49
• TABLE 56 CONSUMPTION OF TRYPOTOPHAN BY APPLICATION AND REGION, 2004 (TONS) 50
• TABLE 57 PRICE DEVELOPMENT OF TRYPTOPHAN BY APPLICATION, 1995-2004 ($/KG) 50
• TABLE 58 STRUCTURE OF TRYPTOPHAN MARKET VALUE BY REGION AND APPLICATIONS, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 51
• TABLE 59 GLOBAL TRYPTOPHAN INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST - VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE - BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 52
• TABLE 60 DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL MSG CONSUMPTION, 1985-2004 (MILLION TONS) 53
• TABLE 61 MSG CONSUMPTION BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA, 2004 (MILLION TONS) 53
• TABLE 62 MARKET VALUE OF MSG BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 54
• TABLE 63 MARKET SHARE OF MSG PRODUCERS IN EUROPE, NORTH AMERICA, AND LATIN AMERICA, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 54
• TABLE 64 MARKET SHARE OF MSG PRODUCERS IN ASIA, EXCLUDING CHINA, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 55
• TABLE 65 MARKET SHARE OF MSG PRODUCERS IN CHINA, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 55
• TABLE 66 MARKET SHARES OF MSG PRODUCERS, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 56
• TABLE 67 CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND FOR MSG BY REGION, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 58
• TABLE 68 GLOBAL MSG INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST - VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE, THROUGH 2009 58
• TABLE 69 FORECAST FOR THE GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF FERMENTATION- DERIVED AMINO ACIDS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 59
• TABLE 70 DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL XANTHAN CONSUMPTION, 1986-2004 (TONS) 60
• TABLE 71 GLOBAL XANTHAN CONSUMPTION BY APPLICATION, 2004 (TONS) 61
• TABLE 72 XANTHAN CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2004 (TONS) 61
• TABLE 73 DEVELOPMENT OF XANTHAN PRICES, 1986-2004 ($/KG) 62
• TABLE 74 GLOBAL XANTHAN MARKET VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE, 1990-2004 62
• TABLE 75 MARKET SHARE OF XANTHAN PRODUCERS BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 63
• TABLE 76 XANTHAN INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST - VALUE, VOLUME AND PRICE, THROUGH 2009 65
• TABLE 77 EXAMPLES OF ENZYME CATEGORIES AND THEIR SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS 66
• TABLE 78 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET VALUE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES BY APPLICATIONS, 1994-2004 ($ MILLIONS) 67
• TABLE 79 STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRIALENZYME USE BY TYPE IN THE DETERGENT SECTOR BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 67
• TABLE 80 STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYME USE BY TYPE IN THE TEXTILE AND LEATHER SECTOR BY REGION, 2004 ($
• MILLIONS) 68
• TABLE 81 STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYME USE BY TYPE IN THE FOOD SECTOR BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 68
• TABLE 82 STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYME USE BY TYPE IN THE FEED SECTOR BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 69
• TABLE 83 MARKET SHARES OF ENZYME PRODUCERS WITH SPECIALTIES, 2004 (%) 70
• TABLE 84 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 72
• TABLE 85 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF RIBOFLAVIN CONSUMPTION BY APPLICATION, 1989-2004 (TONS) 74
• TABLE 86 DEVELOPMENT OF (PURE) VITAMIN B2 (RIBOFLAVIN) PRICES, 1989-2004 ($/KG) 74
• TABLE 87 STRUCTURE OF RIBOFLAVIN MARKET VALUE BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 75
• TABLE 88 MARKET SHARES OF RIBOFLAVIN PRODUCERS, 2004 (TONS, %) 75
• TABLE 89 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR RIBOFLAVIN BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 77
• TABLE 90 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF VITAMIN B12 CONSUMPTION BY APPLICATION, 1995-2004 (TONS) 78
• TABLE 91 PRICE DEVELOPMENT OF VITAMIN B12, 1989-2004 ($/KG) 79
• TABLE 92 DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF B12 BY APPLICATIONS, 2000-2004 ($ MILLIONS) 79
• TABLE 93 MARKET SHARES OF B12 PRODUCERS, 2004 ($ MILLIONS, %) 80
• TABLE 94 GLOBAL CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND FOR VITAMIN B12 BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 81
• TABLE 95 DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL ASCORBIC ACID CONSUMPTION, 1990-2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 82
• TABLE 96 GLOBAL ASCORBIC ACID CONSUMPTION BY APPLICATION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 82
• TABLE 97 CONSUMPTION OF ASCORBIC ACID BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 83
• TABLE 98 PRICE DEVELOPMENT OF CRYSTALLINE ASCORBIC ACID, 1990-2004 ($/KG) 84
• TABLE 99 STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF ASCORBIC ACID MARKET VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE, 1995-2004 84
• TABLE 100 MARKET SHARES OF VITAMIN C PRODUCERS, 1985-2004 (%) 85
• TABLE 101 PRODUCTION AND MARKET SHARE OF VITAMIN C BY CHINESE COMPANIES, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS, %) 86
• TABLE 102 ASCORBIC ACID INDUSTRY STRUCTURE FORECAST - VOLUME, VALUE AND AVERAGE PRICE, THROUGH 2009 87
• TABLE 103 DEVELOPMENT OF ERYTHORBIC ACID GLOBAL CONSUMPTION, 2000-2004 (TONS) 88
• TABLE 104 DEVELOPMENT OF ERYTHORBIC ACID PRICES, 1995-2004 ($/KG) 88
• TABLE 105 STRUCTURE OF ERYTHOROBIC ACID MARKET VALUE BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 89
• TABLE 106 MARKET SHARES OF ERYTHORBIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (TONS, %) 89
• TABLE 107 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL VALUE, VOLUME AND AVERAGE PRICE OF ERYTHORBIC ACID, THROUGH 2009 91
• TABLE 108 OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL MARKET FOR FERMENTATIONDERIVED FINE CHEMICALS BY TYPE BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 93
• TABLE 109 OVERVIEW OF MARKET FOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED FINE CHEMICALS BY REGION, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 94
• TABLE 109 (CONTINUED) 95
• TABLE 110 OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL MARKET FOR FORECAST FOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED FINE CHEMICALS BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 95
• TABLE 111 OVERALL MARKET SHARES OF FERMENTATIONDERIVED FINE CHEMICAL PRODUCERS, 2004 ($ BILLIONS, MILLION TONS, %) 96
• TABLE 112 EXAMPLES OF BACTERIA AND FUNGI IN USE FOR FERMENTATIONS 100
• TABLE 113 CARBOHYDRATE CONVERSION RATES FOR FERMENTATION PRODUCTS BY SELECTED FERMENTATION PROCESSES (%) 101
• TABLE 114 CARBOHYDRATE DEMAND FOR THE FERMENTATION OF REVIEWED PRODUCTS, 2004 (TONS) 102
• TABLE 115 PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FERMENTATION-DERIVED PRODUCTS BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 103
• TABLE 116 CARBOHYDRATE DEMAND FOR MAJOR FERMENTATIONDERIVED PRODUCTS BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 103
• TABLE 117 PRODUCTION COSTS FOR SOME FERMENTATION PRODUCTS AND THE RELEVANCE OF CARBOHYDRATE COSTS, 2004 105
• TABLE 118 DEVELOPMENT OF MOLASSES PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, 1998-2004 (MILLION TONS) 106
• TABLE 119 DEVELOPMENT OF MOLASSES USE BY REGION, 2004 (MILLION TONS) 107
• TABLE 120 DEVELOPMENT OF MOLASSES PRICES, 1992-2004 ($/TON) 107
• TABLE 121 GLUCOSE CONVERSION RATES OF VARIOUS STARCHCONTAINING GRAINS AND TUBERS 109
• TABLE 122 DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL GLUCOSE PRODUCTION FOR FERMENTATION AND FOOD, 1992-2004 (MILLION TONS) 109
• TABLE 123 USE OF GLUCOSE FOR FERMENTATION AND FOODS BY REGION, 2004 (MILLION TONS) 110
• TABLE 124 DEVELOPMENT OF CORN, CORN OIL, CORN GLUTEN, AND CORN GLUTEN FEED MEAL PRICES, 1985-2004 ($/TON) 111
• TABLE 125 U.S. PRODUCTION COSTS FOR CORN-DERIVED GLUCOSE, 2004 111
• TABLE 126 DEVELOPMENT OF GLUCOSE PRICES IN THE U.S., 1990-2004 (FERMENTATION GRADE, LIQUID, DIRECT. USD/T DRY WEIGHT) 112
• TABLE 127 EU PRODUCTION COSTS OF GLUCOSE FROM WHEAT, 2004 112
• TABLE 128 DEVELOPMENT OF WHEAT AND GLUCOSE PRICES IN THE EU, 1987-2004 ($/TON) 113
• TABLE 129 OVERVIEW OF SACCHAROSE PRICES APPLICABLE TO FERMENTATION BY REGION, 2004 ($/TON) 115
• TABLE 130 DEVELOPMENT OF GRAIN (WHEAT AND CORN) HARVESTS BY REGION, THROUGH 2003 (MILLION TONS) 116
• TABLE 131 PRICE DEVELOPMENT FORECAST FOR FERMENTATIONGRADE GLUCOSE/DEXTROSE, THROUGH 2009 ($/TON) 117

LIST OF FIGURES

SUMMARY FIGURE:

• GLOBAL MARKET FOR FERMENTATION PRODUCTS BY CATEGORY, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) XXVII
• FIGURE 1 MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 12
• FIGURE 2 CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND FOR FERMENTATIONDERIVED CRUDE ANTIBIOTICS BY REGION, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 14
• FIGURE 3 MARKET SHARES OF CITRIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 19
• FIGURE 4 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE FOR FERMENTATION DERIVED CITRIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 22
• FIGURE 5 MARKET SHARES OF GLUCONIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 26
• FIGURE 6 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR GLUCONIC ACID BY APPLICATION, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 27
• FIGURE 7 MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR LACTIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 30
• FIGURE 8 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL VALUE OF LACTIC ACID BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 33
• FIGURE 9 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF ORGANIC ACIDS BY TYPE, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 35
• FIGURE 10 MARKET SHARES OF LYSINE PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 42
• FIGURE 11 MARKET SHARES OF THREONINE PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 47
• FIGURE 12 MARKET SHARES OF MSG PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 57
• FIGURE 13 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE FORECAST FOR FERMENTATION- DERIVED AMINO ACIDS BY TYPE, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 59
• FIGURE 14 MARKET SHARE OF XANTHAN PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 64
• FIGURE 15 MARKET SHARES OF ENZYME PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 70
• FIGURE 16 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 AND 2009 72
• FIGURE 17 MARKET SHARES OF RIBOFLAVIN PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 76
• FIGURE 18 CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL DEMAND FOR RIBOFLAVIN BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 77
• FIGURE 19 MARKET SHARES OF B12 PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 80
• FIGURE 20 GLOBAL CURRENT AND FUTURE DEMAND FOR VITAMIN B12 BY APPLICATIONS, 2004 AND 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 81
• FIGURE 21 MARKET SHARES OF VITAMIN C PRODUCERS, 2004 (%) 85
• FIGURE 22 MARKET SHARES OF ERYTHORBIC ACID PRODUCERS, 2004 90
• FIGURE 23 OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL MARKET FOR FERMENTATIONDERIVED FINE CHEMICALS BY TYPE BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2004 ($ MILLIONS) 94
• FIGURE 24 OVERALL MARKET SHARES OF FERMENTATION PRODUCT PRODUCERS BY VALUE, 2004 (% OF TOTAL VALUE) 97
• FIGURE 25 OVERALL MARKET SHARES OF FERMENTATION PRODUCT PRODUCERS BY VOLUME, 2004 (% OF VOLUME) 98
• FIGURE 26 CARBOHYDRATE DEMAND FOR THE FERMENTATION OF SOME REVIEWED PRODUCTS, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 102
• FIGURE 27 CARBOHYDRATE DEMAND FOR MAJOR FERMENTATIONDERIVED PRODUCTS BY REGION, 2004 (THOUSAND TONS) 104
• FIGURE 28 PRODUCTION PROCESS FOR GLUCOSE SYRUPS 108
• FIGURE 29 DEVELOPMENT OF GLUCOSE PRICES IN THE EU AND U.S., 1992-2004 ($ MILLIONS) 114

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