Abstract
Highlights
- Global shipments of photovoltaic cells/modules reached 11,102 megawatts in
2010, and are expected to reach 55,621 megawatts by 2015, a compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 38%.
- The value of materials was estimated at $21.8 billion in 2009 and $26.5
billion in 2010. Improved manufacturing methods and efficiencies will reduce
the actual quantities of materials used in solar cells and the value of
materials will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.3% through
2015 to reach a value of $47 billion.
- The value of global module shipments was estimated at $32.4 billion in
2009 and $41.2 billion in 2010. The value of shipments will grow at a compound
annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.6% from 2010 to 2015 because of economies of
scale and more efficient PV production methods, reaching a value of nearly $78
billion.
INTRODUCTION
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
BCC Research' s goal in conducting this study.. was to determine the current
status of the global market for photovoltaics (PV) and then to assess their
growth potential over a 6 year period from 2009 to 2010 and then to 2015. We
last studied this industry in 2007 and were particularly interested in the
impact on the market by the surging global demand for energy, improvements in
solar PV technology, declining costs of photovoltaics, and the impact of
climate change on alternative fuels.
We were also interested in the impact of incentives on solar sales and
installations. Our key objective was to preset a comprehensive analysis of the
current market for PV and its future direction.
REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY
PV technology dates back to the 1950s and the advent of the space program, but
the concerted effort to develop this technology for industry and consumer use
began during the oil embargoes of the 1970s. The eventual stabilization of oil
prices had a dampening effect on investment, tax credits, and government
funding for research and development.
Despite these challenges, the development of PV and its materials continued
and, in the late 1990s, R&D funding, cost-shared programs, and industry
activity once again increased. The growth rate of this technology has been
exceptionally high reaching annual growth rates of 30% to 40% and higher over
the past two decades.
In the first decade of the 21st century, oil prices surged as demand rose at
unprecedented rates. PV once again took the spotlight as an emerging
technology. Companies in the PV business have focused on reaching grid parity
- the meeting of cost for fossil fuel and solar energy - as a way to broaden
the scope of PV. Nations and individual states began to offer serious
incentives such as tariffs and tax credits for solar customers. Consequently,
we were interested in looking at this industry once again to chart its
potential.
INTENDED AUDIENCE
In this PV study, we present current and emerging technologies, detail the
industry structure, (e.g., the leading players in equipment and materials) and
analyze the competitive environment, major applications, current and future
markets, growth factors and detail shipments of cells and modules for 2009,
2010 and 2015. This study will be of interest to those who make semiconductor
thin film manufacturing equipment, thin films, electrical connectors, optical
devices, and materials such as silicon, steel, polymers and ceramics. It will
also be of interest to those companies engaged in nanotechnology and materials
for flexible substrates.
In addition, utility companies, construction firms and those involved with the
space program will find its contents to be of value.
SCOPE OF REPORT
The scope of this study encompasses the major PV technologies monocrystalline
silicon, multicrystalline silicon, thin films (e.g., amorphous silicon,
cadmium telluride, copper indium diselenide), compound semiconductor materials
(e.g., gallium arsenide) and emerging approaches such as nanostructured films,
dye-sensitized solar cells and organic technologies. BCC Research analyzes
each technology, examines its current and potential efficiency, assesses the
current market status of each, examines its future market impact, and presents
shipments of PV cells and their values for 2009, 2010 and 2015. Various
technical issues are discussed and a thorough economic analysis of each
technology and its impact on future growth is presented.
In this report, we analyze the PV industry on a global basis, including
manufacturing capacity and consumption by various regional markets. We examine
government funding and support, industry involvement, standards, the
environmental impact of solar energy, and the impact of incentives to use PV.
We also discuss the potential for applications - both grid-connected and
standalone. Projections of cell and module shipments by major applications are
also presented for the 3 years covered in our study.
METHODOLOGY
Both primary and secondary research methodologies were used in preparing this
study. BCC Research presents an analysis for each PV technology of the number
of cells, measured in megawatts, shipped in 2009. Our estimated values are
what manufacturers have paid in undepreciated dollars. Then, based on our
surveys, we analyze the potential for each technology, and forecast shipments
for 2010 and 2015. We also analyze the cost of manufacturing the cells and
modules and present an estimated value of shipments over the forecast period.
We do the same analysis for key materials used in PV technology.
INFORMATION SOURCES
BCC Research surveyed approximately 125 companies to obtain data for this
study. Included were manufacturers of PV cells and modules, arrays and
supporting equipment as well as manufacturers of PV-related materials such as
silicon and glass. We also spoke with companies developing solar cells based
on thin films and materials developed through nanotechnology. We also compiled
data from current financial and trade information and government sources.
Table of Contents
Chapter- 1: INTRODUCTION -- Complimentary 4
- STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 1
- REASONS FOR DOING THIS STUDY 1
- INTENDED AUDIENCE 2
- SCOPE OF REPORT 2
- METHODOLOGY 2
- INFORMATION SOURCES 3
- ANALYST' S CREDENTIALS 3
- RELATED BCC REPORTS 3
- BCC ONLINE SERVICES 3
- DISCLAIMER 4
Chapter-2: SUMMARY 2
- SUMMARY 5
- SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL PHOTOVOLTAIC MARKET: MODULE SHIPMENTS AND MATERIALS,
THROUGH 2015 (MEGAWATTS, $ MILLIONS) 6
- SUMMARY FIGURE VALUE OF GLOBAL PHOTOVOLTAIC MARKET: MODULE SHIPMENTS AND
MATERIALS, 2009-2015 ($ MILLIONS) 6
Chapter-3: OVERVIEW 9
- BACKGROUND 7
- CURRENT ENVIRONMENT 8
- TABLE 1 THE GLOBAL ENERGY PROBLEM 9
- DEMAND FOR ENERGY CONTINUES TO GROW 9
- CLIMATE CHANGE NEEDS ALTERNATIVE ENERGY 9
- INADEUQATE FUEL RESERVES CALL FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY 10
- Carbon Sequestration 10
- Nuclear Power 10
- THE NEED FOR SOLAR POWER 10
- TABLE 2 ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR ENERGY 11
- PV TECHNOLOGIES 11
- TABLE 3 MAJOR PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGIES 12
- BALANCE OF SYSTEMS 13
- Module Frames 13
- Interconnections 13
- Encapsulation 13
- PV APPLICATIONS 14
- TABLE 4 KEY APPLICATIONS OF PHOTOVOLTAICS 14
- PV APPLICATIONS (CONTINUED) 15
Chapter-4: PHOTOVOLTAIC INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 27
- LEADING PHOTOVOLTAIC MANUFACTURERS 17
- TABLE 5 LEADING MANUFACTURERS OF PV CELLS, MODULES AND SYSTEMS 17
- TABLE 5 (CONTINUED) 18
- TABLE 5 (CONTINUED) 19
- PV MANUFACTURING BY REGION 20
- TABLE 6 GLOBAL SHARES OF PV PRODUCTION BY REGION, 2009-2015 (%) 20
- FIGURE 1 GLOBAL PV CELL/MODULE MANUFACTURING BY REGION 2009-2015 (%) 21
- PV CONSUMPTION BY REGION 21
- TABLE 7 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF PV CELLS BY REGION, 2009-2015 (%) 22
- FIGURE 2 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF PV CELLS BY REGION, 2009-2015 (%) 22
- MARKET SHARES 23
- TABLE 8 ESTIMATED TOP TEN GLOBAL PV PRODUCTION BY COMPANY, 2009
(MEGAWATTS/%) 23
- DEVELOPING ADVANCED PV TECHNOLOGY 24
- TABLE 9 SELECTED ORGANIZATIONS DEVELOPING SOLAR CELLS AND RELATED
TECHNOLOGIES 25
- COMPANY PROFILES 26
- AMONIX COMPANY 26
- ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES 27
- BP SOLAR US 27
- CHINA SUNERGY 28
- CONERGY AG 29
- ENXCO 29
- EVERGREEN SOLAR INC. 30
- FIRST SOLAR INC. 30
- ISOFOTON SOLAR 31
- JA SOLAR PV TECHNOLOGY 32
- KYOCERA SOLAR 32
- MIASOLE 33
- MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP. 34
- MOTECH INDUSTRIES, INC. 34
- OERLIKON SOLAR 35
- Q-CELLS 35
- SCHOTT SOLAR PV INC. 36
- SHARP SOLAR CORPORATION 37
- SOLARIA CORPORATION 37
- SUNPOWER CORPORATION 38
- SUNTECH POWER HOLDINGS CO. LTD. 38
- TATA BP SOLAR, BANGALORE 39
- UNITED SOLAR OVONIC LLC 40
- WURTH SOLAR GMBH & CO. KG 41
- YINGLING GREEN ENERGY HOLDINGS CO. LTD. 41
- SUMMARY 42
Chapter-5: PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY 46
- THE PV EFFECT 43
- SILICON AND THE PV EFFECT 44
- Creating Charge Carriers 45
- Forming the Electric Field 45
- Driving the Charge Carriers 46
- Energy Band Gaps 46
- TABLE 10 IMPORTANCE OF SELECTING MATERIALS WITH PROPER BAND GAP ENERGY 47
- MONOCRYSTALLINE SILICON TECHNOLOGY 47
- PRODUCING A MONOCRYSTALLINE SOLAR CELL 48
- TABLE 11 ELEMENTS COMMON TO ALL PV CELLS 49
- The Importance of Electrical Contacts 49
- TABLE 12 MAJOR PARAMETERS FOR SOLAR CELL MATERIALS 50
- MULTICRYSTALLINE SOLAR CELLS 51
- MANUFACTURING MULTICRYSTALLINE CELLS 52
- Cast Process 52
- Ribbon Crystal Silicon 52
- The Evergreen Solar Approach 52
- THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS 53
- TABLE 13 OBJECTIVES OF THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS 54
- AMORPHOUS SILICON 54
- Properties of Amorphous Silicon 55
- TABLE 14 MAJOR ADVANTAGES OF AMORPHOUS SILICON 55
- Early Problems 55
- Solution Efforts 56
- TABLE 15 AMORPHOUS SILICON R&D ACTIVITIES 56
- TABLE 16 TYPICAL STRUCTURE OF A TRIPLE JUNCTION A-SI CELL 57
- COPPER INDIUM DISELENIDE 57
- TABLE 17 CELL STRUCTURE OF POLYCRYSTALLINE THIN FILM 57
- Fabricating CIS Cells 58
- CIS R & D 58
- CADMIUM TELLURIDE CELLS 59
- Manufacturing Cadmium Telluride Cells 59
- Environmental Concerns 59
- Research Activities 60
- TABLE 18 RESEARCH ACTIVITIES FOR CADMIUM TELLURIDE CELLS 60
- SOLAR CELL EFFICIENCIES 60
- PHOTOVOLTAIC CONVERSION EFFICIENCY DEFINED 61
- TESTING DEVICE PERFORMANCE 61
- Typical Procedures 61
- Spectral Responsivity Systems 62
- TABLE 19 SYSTEMS FOR MEASURING SPECTRAL RESPONSE 62
- Features and Advantages 63
- Current versus Voltage Systems 63
- TABLE 20 INSTRUMENTS FOR CELL I-V MEASUREMENTS 64
- Features and Advantages of I-V Systems 64
- Standard Outdoor Measurement Systems 64
- TRADITIONAL SILICON AND THIN FILM SOLAR CELL EFFICIENCIES 65
- TABLE 21 TYPICAL AND MAXIMUM CELL CONVERSION EFFICIENCIES FOR THE
TRADITIONAL PV MATERIALS 65
- Single Solar Cell Efficiency Limit 66
- ADDITIONAL MATERIALS AND MODULE STRUCTURES 67
- GALLIUM ARSENIDE SOLAR CELLS 67
- TABLE 22 KEY PROPERTIES OF GALLIUM ARSENIDE 67
- GaAs Challenges 67
- MULTIJUNCTION DEVICES 68
- Advantages of Multijunction Devices 68
- TABLE 23 MAJOR BENEFITS OF MULTIJUNCTION SOLAR CELLS 69
- Triple Junction Cell Design 69
- TABLE 24 COMPOSITION AND PROJECTED EFFICIENCIES OF A TRIPLE JUNCTION CELL
70
- CONCENTRATORS 70
- TABLE 25 TECHNICAL CHARACTERITICS OF FLAT PLATE VERSUS SOLAR CONCENTRATORS
71
- BALANCE-OF-SYSTEMS 71
- MOUNTING STRUCTURES 72
- STORAGE DEVICES 72
- POWER CONDITIONERS 73
- EMERGING PV TECHNOLOGIES 73
- OBJECTIVES OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 73
- TABLE 26 KEY GOALS OF EMERGING PV TECHNOLOGIES 74
- BACK CONTACT CELL 74
- TABLE 27 KEY ADVANTAGES OF BACK CONTACT CELL 74
- Importance of Lasers 74
- DYE-SENSITIZED CELLS 75
- Properties of the Dye-sensitized Cell 75
- TABLE 28 SCHEMATIC OF DYE-SENSITIZED CELL 75
- Cell Efficiencies 76
- Classification 76
- Fabrication 76
- Advantages of Dye-Sensitized Cells 77
- TABLE 29 KEY BENEFITS OF DYE-SENSITIZED CELLS 77
- QUANTUM DOTS FOR SOLAR CELLS 77
- Properties 77
- Synthesis of Quantum Dots 78
- TABLE 30 METHODS OF SYNTHESIZING QUANTUM DOTS 78
- Advantages of QD Solar Cells 78
- TABLE 31 ADVANTAGES OF COLLOIDAL QDS OVER ORGANIC DYES USED IN PV CELLS 79
- FLEXIBLE VERSUS RIGID SUBSTRATES 79
- TABLE 32 ADVANTAGES OF FLEXIBLE POLYMER-BASED CELLS OVER CONVENTIONAL
SOLAR CELL DESIGNS 79
- ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS 80
- SILICON WIRE ARRAYS 80
- PROSPECTS FOR EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 80
- TABLE 33 PROSPECTS FOR EMERGING SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES 81
- PATENT ANALYSIS 81
- PATENTS BY TECHNICAL CATEGORY 81
- TABLE 34 PHOTOVOLTAIC PATENTS BY TECHNOLOGY, 2007 - 2015 82
- PATENTS BY REGION 83
- TABLE 35 PV PATENTS BY REGION 83
- PATENTS BY COMPANIES 84
- TABLE 36 COMPANIES THAT WERE AWARDED TWO OR MORE PV PATENTS 84
- TABLE 36 (CONTINUED) 85
- SAMPLE PATENT ABSTRACTS 85
- Photovoltaic Module Architecture 86
- Concentrating Type Solar Collection and Daylight System within Glazed
Building Envelopes 86
- Planar Solar Concentrator Power Module 86
- Solution Based Fabrication of Photovoltaic Cells 87
- Photovoltaic Thin Film Cell Produced from Metallic Blend using
High-temperature Printing 87
- Metal Contact Structure for Solar Cell and Method of Manufacture 88
Chapter-6: INDUSTRY COMPETITIVENESS 15
- U.S. GOVERNMENT PV SUPPORT 89
- THE SOLAR AMERICA (SAI) INITIATIVE 89
- Benefits of the SAI 90
- TABLE 37 MAJOR BENEFITS OF THE SAI 90
- NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY (NREL) 90
- The U.S. PV Community 91
- INTERNATIONAL PHOTOVOLTAICS SUPPORT 91
- EUROPEAN ACTIVITIES 92
- The European Photovoltaic Technology Platform 92
- TABLE 38 GOALS OF THE PV TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM 92
- EUROPEAN PHOTOVOLTAIC INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION 93
- TABLE 39 BENEFITS OF MEMBERSHIP IN THE EUROPEAN PHOTOVOLTAIC INDUSTRY
ASSOCIATION 93
- JAPANESE PV EFFORTS 93
- TABLE 40 REASONS FOR JAPANESE INVESTMENT IN PHOTOVOLTAICS 94
- The Subsidy Program 94
- TABLE 41 QUALIFICATIONS FOR JAPANESE PV SUBSIDIES 95
- OTHER INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT 95
- TABLE 42 ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL PV SUPPORT 95
- PV ECONOMICS AND COSTS 96
- SOLAR REBATES AND INCENTIVES 96
- TABLE 43 BASIC GLOBAL PV REBATES AND INCENTIVES 96
- THE U.S. EXAMPLE 97
- Federal and State PV Incentives 97
- INCENTIVES AND THE ECONOMIC SITUATION 97
- Economic Problems 98
- Expected Outcome 98
- TABLE 44 PROJECTED ECONOMIC OUTCOMES FOR PV 98
- STANDARDS AND SAFETY 99
- INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS EFFORTS 99
- The Global Approval Program (PV GAP) 99
- Other Organizations 100
- TABLE 45 STANDARDS AND CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT ORGANIZATIONS 100
- PV TECHNOLOGY 100
- BIPV AND UTILITIES BIG MARKETS 100
- CONTINUING GROWTH OF THIN FILM AND ORGANIC PRODUCTS 101
- PV MARKET GROWTH FACTORS 101
- DRIVING FORCES 102
- IMPACT OF MARKET GROWTH FACTORS 102
- TABLE 46 IMPACT OF CONTRIBUTING FACTORS ON PV GROWTH 103
Chapter-7: PV MARKETS 67
- PV MARKET CHARACTERISTICS 104
- PV DEMAND CONTINUES TO GROW 105
- TABLE 47 GLOBAL PV CELL/MODULE SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2009 (MEGAWATTS) 105
- FIGURE 3 GLOBAL PV CELL/MODULE SHIPMENTS, 2003 - 2009 (MEGAWATTS) 106
- AN INCENTIVES-BASED BUSINESS 106
- TABLE 48 INSTALLED GLOBAL PV CAPACITY BY COUNTRY, 2009 107
- FIGURE 4 INSTALLED GLOBAL PV CAPACITY BY COUNTRY, 2009 (GW) 107
- Recession and High Prices Threaten Incentives 108
- Will PV Become Self-Sustaining? 108
- SILICON SUPPLY PROBLEM 109
- TABLE 49 ESTIMATED SILICON USAGE, 2009 (%) 109
- FIGURE 5 SILICON USAGE BY APPLICATION, 2009 (%) 110
- MORE EFFICIENT CAPEX PRODUCTION TOOLS 110
- More Efficient Capex Production Tools (Continued) 111
- UTILITY INTERACTION 112
- TABLE 50 CHALLENGES FACING UTILITIES 112
- Feed-in Tariffs and Net Metering 113
- Solar Electric Power Association 114
- TABLE 51 MISSION OF THE SOLAR ELECTRIC POWER ASSOCIATION 114
- REDUCED PV COSTS KEY TO FUTURE 115
- TABLE 52 AVERAGE INSTALLED PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFICIENCIES AND COSTS 1995 - 2020
115
- Cost-Competitive Aspects 116
- Future Implications 116
- A CONSTANTLY CHANGING INDUSTRY 117
- The Push for New Technologies 117
- SUMMARY OF PV MARKET CHARACTERISTICS 118
- TABLE 53 SUMMARY OF PV MARKET CHARACTERISTICS 118
- CURRENT AND FUTURE APPLICATIONS 119
- GRID-CONNECTED APPLICATIONS 119
- Distributed Generation 119
- TABLE 54 BENEFITS OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION 119
- Rooftop Systems 120
- Panel Capacities 120
- Panel Types 121
- TABLE 55 KEY ADVANTAGES OF ROOFTOP SYSTEMS 122
- Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) 122
- TABLE 56 TYPICAL BIPV SYSTEM 123
- Types of BIPV Systems 123
- Other Exterior Options 124
- TABLE 57 MAJOR ADVANTAGES OF BIPV 124
- UTILITY APPLICATIONS 125
- Utility Transmission and Distribution 125
- Utility Scale PV Power 126
- TABLE 58 BENEFITS OF BUILDING A UTILITY-SCALE PV PLANT 126
- Concentrating Photovoltaic Power (CPV) for Utility Scale Energy 127
- TABLE 59 BASICS OF CPV TECHNOLOGY 128
- OFF-GRID SYSTEMS 128
- Off-Grid Residential PV 129
- TABLE 60 TYPES OF OFF-GRID RESIDENTIAL PV SYSTEMS 129
- PV Produced DC Electricity 129
- Off-Grid Industrialized or Residential PV with Generators 130
- Off-Grid Communication Systems 130
- TABLE 61 SOME COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS POWERED BY PV 131
- PV with Battery Storage 131
- TABLE 62 ESTIMATED USES OF PV ON NATIONAL PARK LANDS (%) 132
- Remote Village Electrification 132
- TABLE 63 MAJOR ADVANTAGES OF OFF-GRID VILLAGE ELECTRIFICATION 133
- Water Pumping 134
- SPACE APPLICATIONS 135
- TABLE 64 MAJOR ADVANTAGES OF PV IN SPACE APLICATIONS 135
- Multijunction and Concentrator Cells 135
- NEW APPLICATIONS 136
- Advantages of Flexibility 137
- PHOTOVOLTAIC BUYING DECISIONS 137
- TABLE 65 MAJOR FACTORS IN PV SYSTEM BUYING DECISIONS (%) 138
- PV MARKET FORCES 138
- POSITIVE FACTORS 139
- LIMITING FACTORS 140
- PHOTOVOLTAIC MARKET PROJECTIONS 141
- GROWTH TRENDS 141
- TABLE 66 KEY GROWTH TRENDS IN THE PHOTOVOLTAIC INDUSTRY 142
- THE INCENTIVE FACTOR 142
- FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS 143
- TABLE 67 CURRENT FACTS IMPACTING PV INDUSTRY GROWTH RATE 144
- TABLE 68 FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS - GROWTH OF PV CELLS 145
- MARKET FORECASTS 146
- MONOCRYSTALLINE SILICON SHIPMENTS 146
- Key Factors in Our Projections 146
- TABLE 69 FORECAST - GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF MONOCRYSTALLINE SILICON
CELLS/MODULES, THROUGH 2015 (MEGAWATTS) 147
- FIGURE 6 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF MONCRYSTALLINE SOLAR CELLS 2009-2015
(MEGAWATTS) 147
- MULTICRYSTALLINE SILICON SHIPMENTS 148
- Major Factors in Our Projection 148
- TABLE 70 FORECAST - GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF MULTICRYSTALLINE SILICON SOLAR
CELLS THROUGH 2015 (MEGAWATTS) 149
- FIGURE 7 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF MULTICRYSTALLINE SOLAR CELLS, 2009-2015
(MEGAWATTS) 150
- THIN FILM SHIPMENTS 151
- Flexible Cells is a Key Issue 151
- Other Thin Film Considerations 151
- Amorphous Silicon 151
- Cadmium Telluride 152
- Copper Indium Diselenide 152
- Compound Semiconductor Materials 152
- TABLE 71 FORECAST - GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS BY TYPE,
THROUGH 2015 (MEGAWATTS) 153
- FIGURE 8 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF THIN FILMS PV CELLS BY TYPE, 2009-2015
(MEGAWATTS) 154
- EMERGING TECHNOLOGY SHIPMENTS 155
- Assumptions 155
- TABLE 72 FORECAST - GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF PV CELLS MADE FROM EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2015 (MEGAWATTS) 155
- FIGURE 9 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF PV CELLS MADE FROM EMERGING TECHNOLOGY,
2009-2015 (MEGAWATTS) 156
- SHIPMENTS AT A GLANCE 157
- TABLE 73 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF PV CELLS BY MAJOR TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2015
(MEGAWATTS) 157
- FIGURE 10 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF PV CELLS BY TECHNOLOGY, 2009-2015
(MEGAWATTS) 158
- Percent of Market 159
- TABLE 74 GLOBAL SHARES OF CELL/MODULE SHIPMENTS BY MAJOR TECHNOLOGY,
2009-2015 (%) 159
- FIGURE 11 GLOBAL SHARES OF PV CELLS BY TECHNOLOGY, 2009-2015 (%) 159
- VALUE OF SHIPMENTS 160
- Balance of Systems Costs 161
- TABLE 75 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF CELL/MODULE SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2015
(MEGAWATTS, AVERAGE PRICE $ MILLIONS) 161
- Balance of Systems ... (Continued) 162
- FIGURE 12 GLOBAL MARKET VALUE OF CELL/MODULE SHIPMENTS, 2009-2015 (%
MILLIONS/W) 163
- SHIPMENTS OF PV MODULES BY APPLICATION 163
- TABLE 76 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF PV CELLS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2015
(MEGAWATTS) 164
- FIGURE 13 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF PV CELLS BY APPLICATION, 2009-2015
(MEGAWATTS) 164
- PROJECTION SUMMARY 165
- Projection Summary (Continued) 166
- MATERIALS PROJECTIONS 167
- MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION 167
- COST BASIS 168
- VALUE OF PV MATERIALS 168
- TABLE 77 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PV CELL/MODULE MATERIALS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2015
($ MILLIONS) 168
- FIGURE 14 MARKET FOR PV CELL/MODULER MATERIALS, 2009-2015 ($ MILLIONS) 169
- Value of PV Materials (Continued) 170
Chapter-8: APPENDIX 1
