先進駕駛支援系統的分析 是由出版商SupplierBusiness在2011年10月所出版的。
這份英文市場調查報告書包含180 Pages 價格從美金1830起跳。
本報告書內容包括:先進駕駛支援系統(ADAS: Advanced Driver Assistance Systems)的開發・使用的最新趨勢之分析、各技術的概要及開發狀況、新技術的使用方法之研究・引進趨勢、各汽車廠商（計14家）的實例之資訊、內容綱要摘記如下:
介紹
感應器技術
- 雷達
- 汽車用雷達的使用
- 刺激雷達／超廣寬頻攝影雷達
- 距離閘道式雷達
- 相機・系統
- 邊緣檢測
- 車輛認識・追蹤
- 行人檢測
- 交通標識認識
- 立體視覺系統
- 多功能相機系統
- 相機活用型系統的優點和缺點
- 暗視設備（導航）
- 暗視設備的用途
- LIDAR（雷射雷達）
- 超音波感應器
- 先進駕駛支援系統用導航／影像資訊
- 應用事例：ASR(Adaptive Speed Recommendation：適應式速度控制)
- 感應器的融合
- 網路連接車輛(Connected Vehicle)和車道感應器
機器聯繫・協同系統的概要
- 安全性的V2V(車輛間)通訊
- 安全性的V2I(路車間)通訊信
- 網路連接車輛用計劃
- 衝突迴避用計器的相關關係
- CAR 2 CAR（車輛間相互連結）
- 協調型前方衝突警報
- 事前衝突檢測・警告
- 危險區域的V2V式通知
- 交通的效率性
- 擴張型道路介紹・導航
- 信号順應式速度推薦系統(Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory)
- V2V式合流支援
- 緊急車輛接進警告
- 其他C2C型的先進駕駛支援系統的相關使用法事例
- 「DRIVE C2X」專案
- 交通阻塞事前警告
- 道路工事警告
- 車輛故障警告
- 緊急車輛接進
- 天氣警告
- 緊急時電氣剎車照明
- 低速車輛警告
- 衝突後警告
- 障礙警告
- 車載標識／速度限制
- GLOSA (Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory：信號順應式速度推薦系統)
- 交通資訊
- 保險・金融服務
- 經銷商管理
- 「有興味的場所(Point of interest)」之通知
- 車隊管理（車輛管理）
- 「透明的」車輛租賃
先進駕駛支援系統的使用領域
- 適應性定速巡航控制(ACC：車間自動控制系統)
- 轉彎用的轉接器・頭燈
- 緊急自動剎車
- 汽車公司的AEB（自動緊急剎車）引進和先進駕駛支援系統的活動
- 支援性用相機
- 視覺警告／車線變更支援
- CISS(Cooperative Intersection Safety Systems：共同交差點安全系統)
- 轉彎時速度警告
- 緊急通話・通訊・ACN（自動衝突通知）
- 前方衝突警告・回避
- 個案研究：豐田汽車的A-PCS
- 前面・背面景象相機
- 車線逸脱警告／車線維持系統
- 暗視装置（導航）
- 暗視設備的用途
- 行人檢測・回避
- 自動停車系統
- 速度限制認知
- 停＆走・都市・駕駛（停＆走功能附帶的ACC)
- 車輛追蹤走行・公路列車
先進駕駛支援系統的引進事例
- Audi
- BMW
- Daimler
- Ford
- General Motors
- 本田技研工業
- Jaguar / Land Rover
- 日產汽車
- mazuda
- PSA Peugeot-Citroen
- subaru（富士重工）
- 豐田汽車
- Volkswagen
- Volvo Car Corporation
關於作者
圖表一覽
Abstract
Overview
This insightful and thorough 180 page report considers the technologies,
applications and OEM implementations that define Advanced Driver Assistance
Systems - ADAS. The recent growth in installations of ADAS is set to
accelerate and provide opportunities for those innovative suppliers
participating.
This report examines in detail sensor technologies, liaisons and co-operations
around ADAS applications and the new and additional features that are
improving road safety.
Furthermore the report looks at ADAS implementations with examples from Audi,
BMW, Daimler, Ford, General Motors, Honda, Jaguar / Landrover, Nissan, Mazda,
PSA Peugeot-Citroen, Subaru, Toyota, Volkswagen and Volvo.
Background to this research
In recent years, active safety systems - such as ABS, traction control, ESP
- have become commonplace across most car segments. Typically these
technologies temporarily enhance the vehicle control that drivers have as they
encounter potential hazards and are regarded as preventative safety systems.
ADAS technologies differ in that they are more advanced preventative safety
systems, which can monitor and predict potential collision scenarios, warn the
driver and can take automatic corrective action to either mitigate the
collision, or avoid it completely. Many ADAS warning features like adaptive
cruise control, lane-departure warning, night vision and blind spot monitoring
are commonplace and have typically been marketed as "comfort and convenience"
optional features. However, active ADAS features that intervene in the control
of the car to assist drivers in avoiding accidents are now coming into
production, moving ADAS clearly into the "Safety" category. These applications
include collision avoidance systems that can automatically apply a car s
brakes and lane-departure prevention to steer a vehicle back on track.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION
- ADAS Technology
- ADAS and Safety
SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES
- Rada
- Automotive Radar Applications
- Impulse Radar / Ultra-wideband radar
- Range-Gated Radar
- Camera Systems
- Edge Detection
- Vehicle recognition and tracking
- Pedestrian Detection
- Traffic Sign Recognition
- Stereo Vision Systems
- Multi-functional camera systems
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Camera-based Systems
- Night Vision Systems
- Night Vision Applications
- lidar
- Ultrasonic Sensors
- ADAS Navigation / Mapping Information
- Example Application: Adaptive Speed Recommendation (ASR)
- Sensor Fusion
- Connected Vehicle and Roadway Sensors
OVERVIEW OF LIAISONS AND CO-OPERATIONS
- Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Communications for Safety
- Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Communications for Safety
- Connected Vehicle Programme
- Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership
- CAR 2 CAR
- Cooperative Forward Collision Warning
- Pre-Crash Sensing/Warning
- Hazardous Location V2V Notification
- Traffic Efficiency
- Enhanced Route Guidance and Navigation
- Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory
- V2V Merging Assistance
- Approaching Emergency Vehicle Warning
- Other C2C ADAS Related Use Cases
- DRIVE C2X
- Traffic jam ahead warning
- Road works warning
- Car breakdown warning
- Approaching emergency vehicle
- Weather warning
- Emergency electronic brake lights
- Slow vehicle warning
- Post-crash warning
- Obstacle warning
- In-vehicle signage / Speed limit
- GLOSA (Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory)
- Traffic information
- Insurance and Financial Services
- Dealer Management
- Point of interest notification
- Fleet management
- Transparent leasing
ADAS APPLICATIONS
- Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
- Adaptive Headlights with cornering
- Autonomous Emergency Braking
- Car Company AEB Implementations and ADAS Activity
- Backup Cameras
- Blind Spot Warning / Lane Change Assistant
- Cooperative Intersection Safety Systems (CISS)
- Curve Speed Warning
- Emergency Call / Mayday / ACN
- Forward Collision Warning / Avoidance
- Toyota A-PCS Case Study
- Front & Rear Side View Cameras
- Lane Departure Warning / Lane Keeping Systems
- Night Vision
- Night Vision Applications
- Pedestrian Detection and Avoidance
- Self-Parking Systems
- Speed Limit Recognition
- Stop & Go City Drive (Stop & Go Adaptive Cruise Control)
- Vehicle Platooning and Road Trains
ADAS IMPLEMENTATIONS
Audi
- Adaptive Cruise Control, Braking Guard and Pre-Sense
- Adaptive Headlights
- Audi Lane Assist
- Audi parking system
- Audi side assist
- Night vision assistant with Pedestrian Detection
- Autonomous Audi TTS
BMW
- Adaptive Headlights
- Night Vision 101
- Active Cruise Control and "Stop & Go"
- Lane Departure Warning / Collision Warning
- Lane Change Warning
- Surround View / Side View
- Park Distance Control
- Active Park Distance Control / Park Assist / Parking Assistant
- Remote Controlled Parking
- BMW Automated Driving Prototypes
- Autonomous Emergency Braking /Pedestrian Detection Development
- Interview with Christian Gruber
Daimler
- PRE-SAFE and PRE-SAFE Brake
- Automatic emergency braking
- DISTRONIC PLUS
- Blind Spot Assist
- Active Lane Keeping Assist
- Night View Assist Plus with Pedestrian Detection
- Intelligent Light System / Adaptive High Beam Assist
- Speed Limit Assist Plus
- Active Parking Assist
- Attention Assist
- Future Developments
Ford
- Curve Control
- Adaptive Cruise Control with Brake Support & Forward Alert
- Active City Stop
- Driver Alert System
- Lane Keeping Aid / Alert
- Traffic Sign Recognition
- Blind Spot Information System
- Auto High Beam
- Speed Limiter System
- Active Park Assist
General Motors
- Adaptive Cruise
- Lane Departure Warning
- Side Blind Zone Alert
- GM' s EN-V Concept: Future Urban Mobility - Special Report
- Interview with Dr Chris Borroni-Bird - Director for Advanced Vehicle
Concepts, General Motors
Honda
- Lane Keeping Assistance System
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Collision Mitigation Braking System
Jaguar / Land Rover
- Adaptive Front Lighting
- Blind Spot Monitor
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Advanced Emergency Brake Assist
Nissan
- Around View Monitor with Parking Guide
- Moving Object Detection (MOD)
- Back-up Collision Intervention (BCI) System Overview
- Intelligent Cruise Control
- Distance Control Assist System
- Intelligent Brake Assist
- Lane Departure Warning / Prevention
- All-around "Collision Free" Prototype
Mazda
- Rear Vehicle Monitoring System
PSA Peugeot-Citroen
- Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS)
- Citroen Blind Spot Warning
Subaru
- Crash Avoidance / Crash Damage Reduction
- Driving Load reduction
- Active Safety
- Testing ADAS Systems & Interview with David Dello Stritto
Toyota
- Pre-Collision System (PCS)
- Advanced Pre-Collision System
- Lane Keep Assist System
- Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) / Radar Cruise Control
- Driver Monitoring System
- Night View system
- Intelligent Parking Assist
- Blind-Corner Monitor
- Multi-Angle Monitor
- Interview with Maminirina Ranovana, Toyota
Volkswagen
- Lane Assist
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Front Assist
- Side Assist
- ParkPilot
- Park Assist
- Rear Assist
- Area View
- Dynamic Light Assist
- Sign Assist
- City Emergency Braking
- Future mobility developments
Volvo Car Corporation
- City Safety System
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Collision Warning with Full Auto Brake and Pedestrian Detection
- Blind Spot Information System
- SARTRE - Safe Road Trains for the Environment
- Testing ADAS Systems & Interview with Thomas Broberg, Senior Safety
Advisor, Volvo
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
List of Figures:
- Figure 1: Automotive Radar Apps
- Figure 2: Bosch ACC Sensor (Source: Bosch)
- Figure 3: Delphi Electronically Scanning Radar (Source: Delphi)
- Figure 4: DELPHI ESR RADAR COVERAGE
- Figure 5: Impulse radar and range gates (Source: Cambridge Consultants
Ltd)
- Figure 6: Impulse radar coverage zones from 4 sensors
- Figure 7: Lane detection
- Figure 8: Continental Stereo Camera
- Figure 9: BMW Night Vision System
- Figure 10: ADAS Horizon Determination
- Figure 11: Map based ADAS Architecture
- Figure 12: Approaching Emergency Vehicle Warning
- Figure 13: Use case scenarios for Approaching Emergency Vehicle Warning
(Source: VANET)
- Figure 14: ACC sensor path prediction
- Figure 16: VEHICLE CUT-IN SCENARIO FOR ACC
- Figure 15: ACC in operation. (Source - Ford Motor Company)
- Figure 17: Adaptive headlamps around corner
- Figure 18: BMW Graphic showing adaptive headlamp capability
- Figure 19: Graphic showing cornering lights (Source: BMW)
- Figure 20: Sequence of warning and AEB activities pre-crash (graphic
courtesy Toyota)
- Figure 21: Car to car rear collision AEB test scenarios
- Figure 22: Car to pedestrian AEB test scenarios
- Figure 23: Volvo radar sensor hidden behind the grill
- Figure 24: Subaru stereo cameras and image identification
- Figure 25: Rear view from Lexus LS250
- Figure 26: Vehicles in blind spot of mirrors
- Figure 27: Zones Covered by Blind Spot Monitor
- Figure 28: Continental implementation of Blind Spot Detection
- Figure 29: Ford BLISS (Blind Spot Information System) Available on Galaxy
and SMAX since 2010
- Figure 30: Ford s Blind Spot Information System (Source: Ford)
- Figure 31: Delphi Rear and Side Detection System. Source: Delphi
- Figure 32: Blind spot indicator on Jaguar XF
- Figure 33: CISS Vehicle Sensing Systems
- Figure 34: CISS Junction Scenarios
- Figure 35: Left Turn Scenario
- Figure 36: Sensor technologies on BMW CISS Prototype
- Figure 37: Motorcycle view of left turning vehicle
- Figure 38: Showing how the EU eCall would work
- Figure 39: ERTICO approach to eCall
- Figure 40: Current eCall implementation using Telematics Service Provider
- Figure 41: Ford s Collision Warning With Brake Support (Source: Ford
Motor Company)
- Figure 42: Toyota Advanced Pre Crash Safety Detail (Source: Toyota)
- Figure 43: Driver facial monitoring system (Source Toyota)
- Figure 44: Toyota approach to collision warning, avoidance and mitigation
- Figure 46: Showing rear and side sensing system coverage (Source: Ford
Motor Company)
- Figure 45: BMW Side view camera integrated into wheel arch (Prototype)
- Figure 47: BWM 7 Series Night Vision
- Figure 48: Mercedes Active Night View Assist Plus
- Figure 49:Pedestrian Recognition
- Figure 50: Showing Horizon line
- Figure 51: Pedestrian Detection Algorithm: Source:
- Figure 52: Siemens VDO "Park Mate": Source Siemens
- Figure 53: BWM Head Up display showing speed limit
- Figure 54: ACC with Stop & Go Scenario
- Figure 55: BMW in Stop & Go mode, showing icon in cluster. (Source
BMW.com)
- Figure 56: Stop & Go showing instrument detail (Source Volvo)
- Figure 57: Vehicle Platooning - Source: Volvo
- Figure 58: Audi Display showing menu for various ADAS and other optional
systems
- Figure 59: Audi ACC controls and display
- Figure 60: Audi pre-programmemed headway settings
- Figure 61: View from inside vehicle of back-up screen
- Figure 62: Back-up camera located in Audi trunk lid
- Figure 63: Audi Side Assist
- Figure 64: Audi Night Vision and Pedestrian Detection System
- Figure 65: BMW Connected Drive 3-level model
- Figure 66: Night vision display in cluster
- Figure 67: BMW Icon for ACC Active
- Figure 68: ACC stalk control and cluster icons in 7 series
- Figure 69: Lane Departure Monitoring
- Figure 70: LDW on Head-up display
- Figure 71: Info Display LDW icon
- Figure 73: BMW Surround View
- Figure 72: BMW Lane Change Warning
- Figure 74: BMW Side View
- Figure 75: Park Distance Control Display
- Figure 76: Parking Assistant Display
- Figure 77: BMW Remote Controlled Parking
- Figure 78: BMW Pedestrian detection prototype with HUD
- Figure 79: Combination of short and long range sensors for DISTRONIC PLUS
- Figure 80: Cluster display for DISTRONIC plus
- Figure 81: Blind Spot Assist
- Figure 83: Active Lane Assist icon
- Figure 82: Camera processing showing out of lane
- Figure 84: Mercedes Night Vision System
- Figure 85: Adaptive High Beam Cluster
- Figure 87: B Class cluster showing Parking Assist engaged
- Figure 86: Speed limit Assist Camera
- Figure 88: View from reversing camera
- Figure 89: Attention Assist Display
- Figure 90: Sensing Systems on European Focus
- Figure 91: Overview of Ford s Curve Control
- Figure 92: Ford s ACC implementation
- Figure 93: ACC Icons on Ford Focus
- Figure 94: Ford s Collision Warning and Brake Support
- Figure 96: Ford Dearborn Testing Facility for ACC with Braking
- Figure 95: Forward alert icon - Focus
- Figure 98: Ford Focus Active City Stop using Forward lidar
- Figure 97: Components of Active City Stop
- Figure 100: More foam block testing for Autonomous Emergency Braking
- Figure 99: Post incident message
- Figure 101: Driver Alert Display
- Figure 102: Ford Lane Keeping Icon
- Figure 103: Ford Lane Keeping Aid
- Figure 104: Ford BLIS - Blind Spot Info System
- Figure 105: Steering wheel controls for Focus Speed Limiter
- Figure 106: Various screen displays
- Figure 107: Focus Ultrasonic Parking Sensors
- Figure 108: LaCrosse Side Blind Zone Alert
- Figure 109: Activation Switchgear for Honda ADAS
- Figure 110: Honda ACC Controls and Display
- Figure 111: Jaguar blind spot alert
- Figure 112: ACC Control Switches - Land Rover
- Figure 113: Jaguar XF Cluster Display showing ACC
- Figure 114: Jaguar / Land Rover ACC Radar and fitting details
- Figure 115: Nissan Parking Guide screens
- Figure 116: Showing the synthesis between cameras
- Figure 117: Nissan s Moving Object Detection System
- Figure 118: Nissan Seatbelt Tensioner
- Figure 119: Nissan "All-round Collision Free" vision
- Figure 120: Mazda RVM Alert
- Figure 121: On/Off switch for Peugeot LDWS
- Figure 122: Blind Spot Warning
- Figure 123: Subaru Stereo Cameras for Eyesight
- Figure 124: Testing Autonomous Emergency Braking - view inside and
outside the car
- Figure 125: Testing Pedestrian Avoidance at Thatcham
- Figure 126: Radar and Camera views
- Figure 127: Toyota PCS System Overview
- Figure 128: Toyota s Pre-Crash Safety Functions
- Figure 129: Fusion of stereo cameras and millimetre-wave radar
- Figure 130: Toyota A-PCS System Overview
- Figure 131: Sequence of warning and AEB activities pre-crash (graphic
courtesy Toyota)
- Figure 132: Toyota Lane Keep Assist Icon - Avensis
- Figure 133: LKA Key Components
- Figure 135: Toyota Driver Monitoring System
- Figure 134: Toyota Radar Cruise Setting
- Figure 136: Toyota Pedestrian Detection in Night View
- Figure 137: Toyota Night View in cluster
- Figure 138: Selection of Intelligent Parking Assistant
- Figure 139: Toyota IPA Screen
- Figure 140: Toyota s Blind Corner Monitor
- Figure 141: Toyota Multi-Angle Monitor
- Figure 142: How to safely test pedestrian avoidance
- Figure 143: VW Lane Assist Icon
- Figure 145: VW ACC "On" Display
- Figure 144: VW ACC Switchgear
- Figure 147: VW Side Assist Coverage
- Figure 149: VW Parking Aid Display
- Figure 148: VW Parking Sensors
- Figure 150: Park Assist
- Figure 151: Rear Assist
- Figure 152: Area View - showing left and right from front cameras
- Figure 153: Area View display
- Figure 154: VW Traffic Sign Recognition
- Figure 155: 2005 Grand Challenge Winner
- Figure 156: City Safe Display
- Figure 157: Volvo Radar behind radiator grille
- Figure 158: Volvo BLIS camera
- Figure 159: Testing Pedestrian Avoidance for dummies
