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市場調查報告書
車用先進能源儲存以及供給的相關報告：2011年版
Advanced Automotive Energy Storage and Delivery Report - 2011 Edition
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車用先進能源儲存以及供給的相關報告：2011年版 是由出版商SupplierBusiness在2011年08月所出版的。
這份英文市場調查報告書包含191 Pages 價格從美金2110起跳。
全球的汽車產業處於有記憶之中最嚴竣的不景氣當中，專心準備許多需要先進能源儲存技術、環保的新型車款。過去發展速度雖慢，但是看起來電池技術進步，投資步調依然沒有減速。汽車以及能源儲存相關各家廠商集中應對成本效率佳的封裝開發、以及車輛裝備、電池壽命、以及市場其他商業面的相關問題。
本報告，主要調查分析車用先進能源儲存系統（ESS）市場，與對應傳統型汽車的技術相比較，分析油電混合車以及電動車用ESS技術以及市場現在與將來的動向、各種技術的特徵、各種應用，並彙整主要製造商的檔案資料等，由下列摘要形式闡述。
前言
用語集
簡介
調查方式與範圍
報告摘要
主要論點的議論
- 市場的成長促進因素
- CO2排放量的短期目標與長期目標
各種能源儲存技術的發展
- 性能面的條件
- 能源與電力的密度
- 運轉週期
- 週期壽命
- 技術成本
- 其他標準
- 安全性
- 充電/放電效率
- 充電時間
- 熱運轉特性
- 耐久性與信頼性
- 封裝
- 回收與環境問題
- 自主放電
- 重量
- 電池
- 先進的鉛酸電池（VRLA/AGM/VFB）
- 其他先進的鉛酸電池
- 鎳氫充電電池(NiMH)
- 先進電池：鋰
- 陰極
- 陽極
- 分離器
- 電解質
- 電池封裝
- 安全電路
- 封裝
- 鋰系列化學物質
- 鋰・鎳・鈷・鋁：(NCA)Li(NiCoAl)O2
- 鈷酸鋰(LCO)：LiCoO2
- 磷酸鋰鐵(LFP)：LiFePO4
- 鋰鎂磷酸鐵(LFMP)
- 鋰錳尖晶石(LMO/LMS)：LiMc2O4
- 鋰鎳鈷錳氧化物(NCM)：Li(NiCoMn)O2
- 鋰硫化鐵(LFS)：LiFeS
- 鋰化合物(Li-Po)
- 鋰鎳(LiNiO2)
- 氧化鈦鋰(LTO)：Li4Ti5O12
- 鋰金屬化合物(LMP)
- 鋰磷酸釩(LVP)：Li3V2(PO4)
- 鋰硫黄
- 鋰錳鈦（MNS)
- 其他電池化學物質
- 金屬空氣
- 鋅空氣
- 鋰空氣（Li-Air）
- 鎳鈉
- 鋅鎳
- 先進電池產品的主要供給業者
- 超級電容
- 超級電容的主要供給業者
- 飛輪能源儲存
- 油壓能源儲存
ESS的性能達成目標
市場的成長促進因素
- 「綠色」車輛的電力條件
- 傳統車輛
- 微型油電混合車
- 輕混合動力車
- 全油電混合車
- 充電式油電混合車（PHEV）
- 續航距離延長型電動車（EREV）
- 電動車（EV）
- 能源管理策略
市場發展上的問題點
- 各家OEM的立場
- 系統供應商的立場
- 成本與利益的關係
- 範圍
- 稅金以及獎勵政策
- 充電
- 充電基礎建設的成本
- 其他系統條件
市場預測
企業檔案資料
圖表
Abstract
The 2011 edition of this report discusses the key issues currently facing the
advanced automotive energy storage sector. The report looks at the evolution
of energy storage technologies and analyses major advanced battery suppliers.
Furthermore, the report considers targets for ESS performance, market drivers,
market development issues, strategic issues and a market forecast along with
profiles of 47 key suppliers active in this industry.
Background to this Research
Since the first version of this report was published in late 2009 the global
automotive industry has been busy preparing a mass of new environmentally
friendly models, all requiring advanced energy storage, at the same time going
through the severest economic crisis in living memory. During this period
battery technology has progressed, perhaps not quite as fast as many would
have wanted, but significantly nonetheless and the pace of investment doesn' t
appear to have slowed.The vehicle and energy storage manufactures have been
focused on developing cost effective packages and addressing issues related to
vehicle fitment, battery life and many commercial aspects of the market.
At the time of the original report the Nissan Leaf was still being touted as
the first major volume application of Lithium-ion batteries, and the Toyota
Prius the leading hybrid car, with a NiMh battery. This is still the case. New
models with Lithium-ion batteries are starting to enter the market and will
make up the majority of new models in the future. In total during 2010/11 over
30 new hybrid and electric vehicle models or trials have been introduced with
another 50 almost certain over the next 2-3 years.
Table of Contents
- Forecast Horizon
- Advanced Energy Storage - definition
- Market Drivers
- Short term and long term CO2 goals
- Evolution of Energy Storage Technologies
- Energy Storage Performance Requirements
- Energy and Power Density
- Drive Cycles
- Cycle life
- Technology Costs
- Other measures
- Safety
- Charge-discharge efficiency
- Charge Time
- Thermal Operating Characteristics
- Durability and Reliability
- Packaging
- Recycling and Environmental Issues
- Self-Discharge
- Weight
- Batteries
- Advanced lead acid (VRLA/AGM/VFB)
- Other Advanced Lead Acid Batteries
- Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH)
- Advanced batteries - Lithium
- Cathodes
- Anodes
- Separators
- Electrolyte
- Cell Packaging
- Safety Circuits
- Packaging
- Lithium Chemistries
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium - (NCA) Li(NiCoAl)O2
- Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO) - LiCoO2
- Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) - LiFePO4
- Lithium Magnesium Iron Phosphate (LFMP)
- Lithium Manganese Spinel (LMO/LMS)- LiMn2O4
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese (NCM)- Li(NiCoMn)O2
- Lithium Iron Sulphide (LFS) - LiFeS
- Lithium Polymer (Li-Po)
- Lithium Nickel LiNiO2
- Lithium Titanate Oxide (LTO) - Li4Ti5O12
- Lithium Metal Polymer (LMP)
- Lithium Vanadium Phosphate (LVP) - Li3V2(PO4)3
- Lithium Sulphur
- Lithium Manganese Titanium (MNS)
- Other battery chemistries
- Metal-air
- Zinc-Air
- Lithium-Air (Li-Air)
- Nickel Sodium
- Zinc-Nickel
- Major Advanced Battery Suppliers
- A123
- Advanced Lithium
- AESC
- Axeon
- Bollore-Batscap
- Boston Power
- Chinese Manufacturers
- Dow Kokam
- EIG
- Electrovaya
- Enerdel
- European Batteries OY
- Evonik
- FZ SoNick (Formerly MesDea)
- GS Yuasa
- Hitachi EV
- Johnson Controls-Saft (JCS)
- LG Chem
- Lithium Technology
- Magna
- Mitsubishi Electric
- NEC
- Primearth (Formerly Panasonic EV Energy (PEVE))
- Panasonic-Sanyo
- SB Limotive
- SK Energy
- Toshiba
- Valence
- Niche suppliers
- Super-Capacitors
- Major Super-capacitor Suppliers
- Maxwell
- Others
- Flywheel energy storage
- Hydraulic energy storage
- Targets for ESS performance
- Green' vehicle power requirements
- Conventional Vehicles
- Micro Hybrids
- Mild Hybrids
- Full hybrids
- Plug-in Range Hybrids (PHEV)
- Extended Range Electric Vehicles (EREV)
- Electric Vehicles (EV)
- Energy Management Strategies
- Market Development Issues
- The OEMs position
- BMW
- Chrysler
- Daimler
- FHI
- Fiat
- Ford
- General Motors
- Honda
- Hyundai
- Mitsubishi
- PSA Peugeot Citroen
- Renault-Nissan
- Tata
- Toyota
- Volkswagen Group
- Volvo
- Other manufacturers
- Chinese Manufacturers
- The System Suppliers position
- The Cost - Benefit Relationship
- Range
- Taxes and incentives
- Penalty avoidance may help the economic case
- Charging
- Charging Infrastructure Costs
- Other System Requirements
- Vehicle Segmentation and Market Demand Patterns on Adoption Rates for
Advanced Power Storages
- Risks Sharing
- Investment Requirements and R&D Costs
- Production Investment
- Supply Limitations
- Standardisation
- Intellectual Property Rights
- Warranty
- Material Cost Fluctuation
- Disruptive Technology
- Supply Chain Development
- Risk and Liability
- Safety
- The Value Chain
- Rationalisation and Consolidation
- Appendix 1 - CURRENT AVAILABILITY OF HEV, BEV SYSTEMS IN EUROPE, NORTH
AMERICA, JAPAN AND KOREA 2011
- Appendix 2 - Technology Road map
- Appendix 3 - Announced national EV and PHEV sales targets 2009
Company Profiles
- A123 Systems
- Advanced Battery Technologies
- AESC
- Aleees
- Altair Nanotechnologies
- Amberjac
- Amperex
- Atraverda
- Axeon
- Axion Power
- Blue Energy Japan
- Bollore
- Boston Power
- BYD
- Cobasys
- Continental
- Deutsche Accumotive
- Dow Kokam
- E-oneMoli
- EIG
- Electrovaya
- ENAX
- Ener1
- Energy Conversion Devices
- European Batteries
- Technologies
- SoNick
- Yuasa
- Hitachi
- Johnson Controls
- Energy
- Chem
- Tec
- Lithium Energy Japan
- Lithium Technology Corporation
- Maxwell Technologies
- NessCap
- Nichicon
- Panasonic
- Primearth EV Energy
- LiMotive
- Innovation
- Valence
- Winston Battery
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Scenario for 2015 EV HEV Market Penetration
- Figure 2: Energy Storage Market Forecast
- Figure 3: AEA ‘Blue Map’ Scenario
- Figure 4: Major industry drivers and stakeholders
- Figure 5: Global Short Term CO2 and Fuel Economy targets
- Figure 6: Tank/Well to wheels analysis (TTW/WTW)
- Figure 7: Well to Wheels CO2 on the Japanese 10-15 mode cycle (Total CO2
per km driving)
- Figure 8: Energy requirement kWh per km for various test cycles
- Figure 9: Overall efficiency of conventional powertrain vs electric
- Figure 10: Fuel specific and gravimetric energy density
- Figure 11: Contribution of Alternative Technologies to meet EU CO2 targets
2015/2020 (%)
- Figure 12: Simple comparison of ESS
- Figure 13: Summary of Alternative ESS (1 - Very Poor 10 Very Good)
- Figure 14: Ragone chart
- Figure 15: Detailed Ragone chart
- Figure 16: Trends in Energy Density of Batteries (Wh/kg) (Based on raw
material specific energy density)
- Figure 17: Number of cycles needed by application
- Figure 18: Cycles by chemistry (Deep Discharge)
- Figure 19: Forecast energy density and estimated costs (pack) per kWh for
Lithium-ion
- Figure 20: Battery Cell Cost (Lithium-Ion)
- Figure 21: Battery Cell Cost Reduction (Lithium-ion)
- Figure 22: Potential Evolution of Battery Costs per kWh (Pack)
- Figure 23: Charge-discharge energy efficiency % of rechargeable batteries
- Figure 24: Potential Charge and Discharge Rates
- Figure 25: ESS Operating Temperatures
- Figure 26: Toyota Prius III Battery Packaging (NiMH HEV)
- Figure 27: GM Volt Battery Pack (Lithium-ion EREV)
- Figure 28: Nissan Leaf Battery Pack (Lithium-ion - EV)
- Figure 29: Comparison of Alternative ESS Self Discharge Rates
- Figure 30: Battery Weight for current applications
- Figure 31: EFB battery components
- Figure 32: VRLA battery components
- Figure 33: Summary of Japanese battery technology developments 2009
- Figure 34: Lithium-ion Battery Construction Cylindrical/Spiral Design
- Figure 35: Lithium-ion Battery Construction Prismatic Design
- Figure 36: Theoretical metal air battery energy densities.
- Figure 37: Major Battery Suppliers OEM Relationships1
- Figure 38: Major Battery Suppliers Chemistries
- Figure 39: A123 Cell Performance Improvement
- Figure 40: Characteristics of the L3-10 and L3-3 Cells
- Figure 41: Batscap LMP Battery Characteristics
- Figure 42: Hitachi cells Specifications
- Figure 43: Johnson Controls Saft Battery Specifications
- Figure 44: Lithium Technology' s Battery Chemistry comparison
- Figure 45: PEVE Hybrid Vehicle NiMH modules
- Figure 46: PEVE Hybrid Vehicle NiMH modules
- Figure 47: Panasonic HEV Cells
- Figure 48: SK Energy Cells
- Figure 49: SK PHEV Packs
- Figure 50: Toshiba cell specification
- Figure 51: Super-capacitor components
- Figure 52: Super-capacitor applications requirements
- Figure 53: Typical Super-capacitor Capacity/Voltage configurations
- Figure 54: Flybrid' s Flywheel
- Figure 55: Eaton Heavy Duty Hydraulic Launch Assist
- Figure 56: METI & NEDO Battery R&D Targets
- Figure 57: EUCAR Battery Targets
- Figure 58: USABC Goals for Advanced Batteries for PHEVs
- Figure 59: USABC Goals for Advanced Batteries for HEVs
- Figure 60: Examples of vehicles with stop-start 2011 in Europe
- Figure 61: Energy Storage for Current and Near Future Hybrids and EVs
- Figure 62: Functions of Various Drivelines
- Figure 63: Energy Storage for Current and Near Future Hybrids and EVs
2009-2010 models
- Figure 64: Energy Storage for Current and Near Future Hybrids and EVs
2010- models
- Figure 65: Energy Management Strategies by vehicle type
- Figure 66: Energy Management for Driveline Types
- Figure 67: OEM ESS relationships and programmes
- Figure 68: Current and Future Micro Hybrids, HEV, PHEV, BEV 2008-2010/11
- Figure 69: Miev Cell Specifications
- Figure 70: Maxwell Super-capacitors Supplied to PSA
- Figure 71: Supplier Battery Relationships
- Figure 72: Cost vs savings 2010 Europe (Based on 5 Years (€)
- Figure 73: Cost vs savings 2010 US (Based on 5 Years (€)
- Figure 74: Cost-benefit estimates EU 2025 Over 5 Years (€)
- Figure 75: Distances travelled by region
- Figure 76: Incentives for Hybrids and EV purchase 2011
- Figure 77: Impact of Incentives on Economics
- Figure 78: European CO2 penalties
- Figure 79: Charging time vs power (Nissan)
- Figure 80: Market penetration scenarios 2015
- Figure 81: Market penetration scenarios 2025
- Figure 82: Energy Storage System Market Forecast
- Figure 83: Examples of Battery Alliances (Non-Exhaustive)
- Figure 84: Selected Battery investments 2008-2012
- Figure 85: Government Funding and Support Programmes
- Figure 86: Risks for OEMs
- Figure 87: Cobalt Supply Forecast
- Figure 88: Lithium Supply Forecast
- Figure 89: Value chain
- Figure 90: Key model availability in Europe, North America, Japan and Korea
- Figure 91: Power Storage Technology Roadmap
- Figure 92: Announced national EV and PHEV sales targets 2009
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