美國商業設施・住宅清潔服務產業

This Marketdata study examines the huge $74 billion commercial contract cleaning and maintenance services market. The business is very competitive, comprised of 527,000 mainly small operators, including 39,200 franchise units. Study traces industry size, growth, segments, structure, end-user demand, operating performance ? 1987-2005 actual receipts, 2006-2007 estimates, 2012 forecasts.

Analyzes: market share, emerging trends, industry franchising, office vacancy rates, impact of recessions, cleaning worker pay/turnover, outsourcing, more. Includes highlights of latest surveys by trade journals, as well as comments and outlooks by top competitors, trade groups and industry consultants. Discusses janitorial services, pest control, other niches. State and city statistics/market potential included. Separate chapters analyze the Carpet Cleaning and Residential/Maid Services segments. Includes 14 in-depth profiles and rankings of all the top franchise/non-franchise competitors (ABM, ServiceMaster, Jani-King, OneSource, SERVPRO, UNICCO, Coverall, etc.). 128 Tables & charts.

Table of Contents

• Industry Nature & Definition: Description of the industry' s major segments, services provided, NAICS codes

• Highlights & key findings of all report chapters: industry nature, analysis of major trends/issues affecting the industry (worker pay/turnover, outsourcing, commercial office vacancy rates, franchising, etc.), profits, green cleaning, industry size/growth -1989-2012 Forecast, 2006-2007 performance, franchising' s importance, 2004-2007 sales of top competitors (franchises, non-franchise firms). Analysis of educational, healthcare, other key end-user segments, industry structure, 2002 Census key operating ratios (no. of services in U.S., single/multi-unit firms, top 50 mkt. share, etc.), 1998-2006 customer mix.

• Status report of commercial & office construction activity and indicators: value of non-residential construction, 2006-2007 commercial office vacancy rates in major metro areas & nationwide, amount of existing commercial floor space by U.S. and by region (1986-2003), share of space by type activity (retail, education, healthcare)
  • Commercial vacancy rates, by top cities, urban vs. suburban markets
  • Discussion of absorption rates, "shadow space".

• National office vacancy rates by: downtown, suburban, metropolitan (2006-2007)
• Top office space markets, by million sq. ft.
• Value of new construction of non-residential buildings: 1993-2Q 2007
• Markets (cities) with highest & lowest vacancy rates: 2Q 2007
• Distribution of floor space, by main building activity: 1992-2003
• No. of buildings and % of total floor space by type activity (education, health care, lodging, retail, offices, warehouses, etc.), by region (1986, 1989, 1992, 1995, 1999, 2003)
• Distribution of commercial floor space, no. of buildings, by Census region.

• Discussion/analysis of 2-tiered mkt. structure (large contractors vs. small independents, and franchise organizations vs. non-franchise cleaners), estd. share by top 11 firms
  • Industry size estimates; rationale for estimates by varying sources, historical values - Marketdata' s 1992-2012 estimates/forecasts, factors affecting recent growth
  • Discussion of market size, based on commercial floor space vs. Census survey receipts
  • 2005, 2006, 2007 actual and estimated industry performance/receipts
  • Sales growth of the leaders, composite average - 2006
  • 2007 & 2012 forecasts & outlook: Marketdata projections, key factors affecting growth
  • Discussion of why the industry is recession-resistant, historical performance

• Total industry potential, $ value and % change (1992-2012 F)
• Share of total receipts by exterminating/pest control, janitorial, carpet cleaning, "all other" building cleaning & maintenance services (1983-1998) - Census Bureau data

Industry Size - Continued:

• Total industry receipts, by major segments, annual % change (1998-2005; Census Bureau): total Industry, pest control, janitorial, carpet cleaning, other services to buildings
• Annual percent change in receipts: 1999-2005
• Historical share of industry sales by pest control vs. janitorial/all other services: 1985-2002

• Nature of the business, evolution of the industry, how carpet cleaning services operate, services performed, franchises vs. independents
• Major mkt. trends/developments of past several years: discussion
• Discussion of impact of alternative floor coverings, impact on carpet sales/usage
• Discussion of attempts by mills and retailers to enter carpet cleaning - why it failed.
• Historical size of the industry: Marketdata estimates of true size of the segment (1986- 2010 F)
• Discussion of how market potential derived, avg. annual sales per service, 2007 forecast and outlook for the sector, effect of recessions/gas prices/housing starts, other indicators.
• Estimates of commercial vs. residential, disaster recovery segments, $ values.
• Industry outlooks by: ServiceMaster, Chem-Dry, Servpro, Mohawk, Duraclean, IICRC, ASCR, Stanley Steemer, consultants.
• Franchising: analysis of no. of outlets, start-up costs, the top 7 carpet cleaning franchisers, estd. systemwide revenues (1999, 2002, 2005), franchises by no. of units, franchise fees, royalty rates, start-up costs
• Carpet cleaner contractor operating ratios: highlights of 2002 Census... sources of receipts, multi-unit firms, legal form of firm, 2006, top 50 mkt. share, carpets cleaners' major sources of receipts

• Summary: nature & estd. 2006 size of the market, estd. $ sales per franchise vs. commercial cleaning services, list of top franchise companies in the business, franchises vs. independent maids, reasons why demand is booming (tax laws, 2-worker households, etc.)
• End-user household demographics: findings of Mediamark Research survey: major target age groups and usage of professional cleaning services
• List of residential cleaning services franchises: (The Maids Intl., Maid Brigade; Merry Maids, Molly Maid, Cottage Care, Swisher Maids, Mini Maid, Home Cleaning Centers of America) - addresses.

• Projected no. of U.S. households using a maid or housekeep, by age group: 2000 & 2006 F
• Residential cleaning franchises: no. of units 2003-2006
• Residential cleaning franchises: start-up costs, franchise fee, royalty rates: 2004-2006

• Discussion of data collected via Cleaning & Maintenance Management magazine' s "Benchmarking Survey", survey highlights and major findings

• Profile of janitorial services (yrs. in business, avg. gross sales, no. of employees, etc.)
• 2006 sales volume mix, % of respondents
• Customer mix: % of contractors servicing offices, industrial accts., hospitals, etc. 1998-2006
• Surfaces cleaned/areas that contractors clean by type: 1998-2006
• Most frequent customer complaints (restrooms, dusting, etc. - by area): 1996-2006
• Worker productivity measures: square footage cleaned per hr., avg. labor costs: 1998-2006
• Cleaning worker wages, by region: starting worker wages & average wages (1998-2007)
• Owner' s yearly compensation (janitorial, specialty cleaning, maid service): 2005-2006

• Explanation of how to interpret Census data, how the data is arranged/classified by NAICS codes, and major market segments, 2002 Census
• 2000-2005 Service Annual Survey: Industry receipts and % changes
• Non-employer receipts of 427,000 sole proprietorships without payrolls, IRS data
• Summary & analysis: no. of cleaning establishments in U.S. and for leading states; no. of firms; industry size; avg. receipts per office by top states; mkt. share top 50 firms ratios; summary findings of 2002 Census & comparison to 1997 data... re: legal form of organization, firms & estabs. by sales size (in receipts & employment); single/multi-unit operations.
• Summary statistics: 1997 vs. 2002 - no. of estabs; total industry vs. disinfecting/pest control, other services; annual receipts; payroll costs; no. of workers; payroll per employee; receipts per employee, receipts per establishment.
• Geographic analysis - share of national receipts, avg. receipts per estab., by state, top states' ranking: 1992-2002
• Industry Financial health: composite income statement & balance sheet ratios, profitabilitytrends, by size of cleaning contractor (janitorial services, pest control: 2002-2006

• Total cleaning industry firms, by legal form of organization -corporations, sole proprietorships, partnerships: 1997 & 2002, (no. of firms, receipts, payroll as % receipts, no. of employees).
• Single vs. multi-unit operations, by size (statistics as above) 1997 & 2002.
• Concentration Ratios: ratios for top 4, 8, 20, 50 largest firms 1997 & 2002
• Total Commercial Cleaning Firms, by receipts size (under $100,000 to $100 + mill.);(no. of firms, estabs., receipts, payroll, avg. receipts per firm) 1997 & 2002
• Receipts & avg. receipts per establishment, by state - 1997.
• Receipts & avg. receipts per establishment, by state - 2002
• All cleaning contractors' receipts and no. of estabs., by major city: 1997

• Janitorial service firms, by legal form of organization - corporate, sole proprietorships, partnerships: 1997 & 2002, (no. of firms, receipts, payroll as % receipts, no. of employees)
• Single vs. multi-unit operations, by size (statistics as above) 1997 & 2002.
• Concentration Ratios : ratios by top 4, 8, 20, 50 largest firms 1997 & 2002
• Janitorial service firms, by receipts size (under $100,000 to $100+ mill.) (no. of firms, estabs., receipts, payroll, avg. receipts per firm), 1997 & 2002.
• Receipts & avg. receipts per establishment, by state - 1997
• Receipts & avg. receipts per establishment, by state - 2002
• Janitorial service contractors' receipts and no. of establishments, by major city: 1997

• Exterminating & pest control firms, by legal form of organization - corporate, sole proprietor-ships, partnerships: 1997 & 2002, (no. of firms, receipts, payroll as % receipts, no. of employees) - Single vs. multi-unit operations, by size (statistics as above) 1997 & 2002.
• Concentration Ratios : ratios by top 4, 8, 20, 50 largest firms 1997 & 2002
• Disinfecting & pest control firms, by receipts size (under $100,000 to $100+ mill.) (no. of firms, estabs., receipts, payroll, avg. receipts per firm), 1997 & 2002.
• Receipts & avg. receipts per establishment, by state - 1997
• Receipts & avg. receipts per establishment, by state - 2002
• Composite balance sheet & income statement: 2002-2006 disinfecting & pest control services.

• (all tables , as above) - 2002 & 1997

• (all tables , as above) - 2002 & 1997

• Summary - how many exist? - Entrepreneur magazine' s 2007 Franchise 500 ranking, Discussion: how cleaning franchises work and differ, services typically provided by parent, master franchises,
• Analysis of avg. initial franchise fees/royalty rates/start-up costs in 2003 vs. 2006
• The industry' s leading franchisers: parent co. vs. systemwide revenues, 2000, 2003, 2006 avg. estimated annual receipts, difficulties estimating revenues due to full-time vs. part-time workers; franchise investment pkgs. sold.
• Estimated or actual revenues of the largest non-franchise contractors (2000, 2003, 2006 sales: ABM, OneSource, Unicco, Temco)

• Top janitorial franchises (no. of units 2004-2006, franchise. fee, royalty %, start-up $)
• Top residential franchises (no. of units 2004-2006, franchise fee, royalty %, start-up $)
• Top pest control franchises (no. of units 2004-2006, franchise fee, royalty %, start-up $)
• Top restroom franchises (no. of units 2004-2006, franchise fee, royalty %, start-up $)
• Top window washing franchises (no. of units 2004-2006, franchise fee, royalty %, start-up $)

• ABM Industries
• Anago Franchising
• Clean net USA
• Coverall Cleaning Concepts
• Jan-Pro
• Jani-King Intl.
• OneSource
• O.P.E.N. America
• Servpro
• ServiceMaster
• Swisher Intl.
• Tower Cleaning Systems
• UNICCO Service Co.
• Vanguard Cleaning Systems

• Addresses, phones, contacts at major industry trade associations, trade journals, consulting firms: commercial cleaning and carpet cleaning segments.