全球乙烯市場：策略與未來預測

Abstract

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Ethylene in Thousands of Tons. The specific end-use segments discussed are Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene and Alpha Olefins. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East and Latin America. Annual forecasts are provided for each region for the period of 2001 through 2010. A ten-year historic analysis is also provided for these markets with annual market analytics. The report profiles 97 companies including many key and niche players worldwide such as Arkema, Basell NV, BASF AG, Borealis A/S, Chevron Corporation, Chevron Phillips Chemical Company, Equistar Chemicals, ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Formosa Plastics Corp., Honam, Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., Innovene, Jilin Chemical Industry Company Ltd., Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Mitsui Chemicals Inc., Nova Chemicals Corp., PEMEX, Royal Dutch/Shell Group, Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), Sinopec Beijing Yanhua Petrochemical Co Ltd., SK Corporation, and The Dow Chemical Company. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are mostly extracted from URL research and reported select online sources.

Table of Contents

I-A. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS

• Study Reliability And Reporting Limitations I-1
• Disclaimers I-2
• Data Interpretation & Reporting Level I-2
• Quantitative Techniques & Analytics I-3
• Product Definitions And Scope Of Study I-3
• A. Polyethylene I-3
• B. Ethylene Dichloride (EDC) I-4
• C. Ethylene Oxide (EO) I-4
• D. Ethyl Benzene I-4
• E. Alpha Olefins I-4

I-B. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW & INTRODUCTION

• Ethylene: Market Outline I-5

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Global Market Overview II-1

• Outlook II-1
• Regional Perspective II-1
• End-Use Segment Perspective II-1
• Production Scenario II-1
• Table 1: Global Ethylene Capacity (2000-2010) (Capacity in Million Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-2
• Table 2: World Market for Ethylene (2004, 2005 & 2010): Production Capacity by Region - North America, Asia, Europe, Middle East and Others (Capacity in Million Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-2
• Table 3: World Market for Ethylene (2005): Production Capacities of Leading Players - Dow, ExxonMobil, Shell, SABIC and BP (In ' 000 Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-2
• Table 4: North American Ethylene Market (2005): Percentage Breakdown of Production Capacities of Leading Players - Dow Chemical, Lyondell Chemical, NOVA Chemical, Westlake Chemical and Eastman Chemical (In ' 000 Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-3
• Major Markets II-3
• Significant Capacity Improvements II-3
• Ethylene Market in the Recent Past II-4
• Production Scenario II-4
• Table 5: World Market for Ethylene in the Recent Past (2002): Leading Ethylene Producing Countries (Capacity in Million Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-4
• Table 6: World Market for Ethylene in the Recent Past (2002): Capacities of Leading Players - Dow Chemical, ExxonMobil, Shell, BP, Equistar, SABIC and Chevron Phillips (In Million Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-5

2. Product Overview II-6

• Ethylene- A Large Volume Commodity Chemical II-6
• Various Production Processes Used II-6
• Steam Cracking II-6
• Dehydrogenation of Ethane II-6
• Natural Gas Liquid Based Ethylene Crackers II-6
• Transportation of Ethylene II-7
• Ethane - Widely Used Raw Material II-7

3. End Use Market Overview II-8

• Uses of Ethylene Derivatives: A Glance II-8
• A. Polyethylene II-8
• An Industrial Plastic with Widening Product Applications II-8
• Polyethylene Market - A Historic Review II-8
• Squeezed Margins Trigger Steep Price Hikes II-8
• North American Polyethylene Demand Takes a Hit II-9
• Subdued Demand in Asia Pacific Hampers a Price Recovery II-9
• Players Announce Cut Backs II-9
• Types of Polyethylene II-9
• Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) II-10
• LDPE Market in the Recent Past II-10
• Overall Demand Falls But Packaging Retains Momentum II-10
• Table 7: World Market for LDPE in the Recent Past (2001): Production Capacities of Leading Producers - Dow, ExxonMobil, Basell, Borealis and Equistar (In Thousand Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-10
• High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) II-11
• HDPE Market in the Recent Past II-11
• Global HDPE Market Hits a 20-Year Low II-11
• Table 8: World Market for HDPE in the Recent Past (2001): Production Capacities of Leading Players - Chevron/Phillips, Equistar, BP/Solvay, ExxonMobil and Basell (In Thousand Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-11
• Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) II-12
• Film Processing: Largest End-Use Segment II-12
• Table 9: World Market for LLDPE in the Recent Past (2001): Production Capacities of Leading Players - Dow, ExxonMobil, Nova Chemical Corp, BP and SABIC (In Thousand Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-12
• B. Ethylene Dichloride (EDC) II-12
• A Derivative Fuelling the Engine of Global PVC Market II-12
• EDC Demand Stems from PVC Market II-13
• C. Ethylene Oxide II-13
• Direct Vapor Phase Oxidation Process Yields Ethylene Oxide II-13
• A Highly Inflammable Ethylene Derivative II-13
• Major Share of Total Output to Feed GlycolOutlets II-14
• Ethylene Glycol: The Principal Derivative of Ethylene Oxide II-14
• D. Ethyl Benzene II-14
• E. Alpha Olefins II-14
• Table 10: World Market for Alpha Olefins in the Recent Past (2002): Percentage Breakdown of Production Capacities of Leading Players - Shell Chemicals, BP, Chevron Phillips, Sasol,Idemitsu Petrochemicals and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-15
• F. Acetaldehyde II-15
• G. Vinyl Acetate Monomer (VAM) II-15
• Table 11: World Market for Vinyl Acetate (2004): Percentage Breakdown of Consumption by End Use - Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Ethylene-vinyl Alcohol and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-15

4. Recent Industry Activity II-16

• ChemChina Takes Over Qenos II-16
• Basell and Tasnee & Sahara Olefins Company Enter Joint Venture Agreement II-16
• ExxonMobil Signs LDPE Licensing Agreement with PPT Chemical II-16
• Sabic to Set-up Billion Dollar Petrochemicals Plant in China II-16
• Sabic to Build HDPE Plant at the Yanbu, Saudi Arabia II-16
• Dow and Rompetrol Petrochemicals Enter into Agreement II-17
• Dow to Take Over Zhejiang Omex Environmental Engineering II-17
• Westlake Chemical Signs MoU to Develop Ethylene, Propylene Project II-17
• Ineos to Acquire Ethylene Glycols and Ethylene Oxide Production Unit from BP II-17
• Linde Receives Cracking Furnaces Order from Ruhr Oel II-17
• Nova Chemicals Shuts Down its Texas Plants II-17
• BP and DuPont Enter into Partnership II-17
• CNOOC and Royal Dutch Shell' s Joint Venture Begins Production II-18
• SK Corporation Acquires Inchon Oil II-18
• Dow Expands Ethyleneamine Assets II-18
• SABIC Expands Operations in Middle East II-18
• Honeywell Receives Automation Project from Yeochun NCC Company II-18
• Arkema Installs New Ethylene -Vinyl Acetate Unit II-18
• Sabic Contracts Toyo Engineering Corporation for Ethylene Glycol Plant II-19
• Dow Chemical' s Petrochemical Plant is Shutdown by Katrina II-19
• Four Major Petrochemical Companies and Technip France to Build Ethylene Cracker II-19
• ExxonMobil Chemical and R.T.V. Sign Product Distribution Agreement II-19
• The Chatterjee Group, and Access Industries Acquires Basell NV II-19
• INEOS Acquires BP' s Subsidiary, Innovene II-19
• Akzo Nobel Opts for Capacity Enhancement II-20
• Exxon Expands Plant Capacity in Singapore II-20
• Equistar Introduces New PP-Ethylene Copolymer Resins II-20
• DuPont Engineering Polymers Extends Vamac Acrylic II-20
• Reliance Takes Over SM Dyechem Ethylene Glycol Business Activities II-20
• OMV Collaborates with Ruhr Oel, Over Bavarian Project II-20
• Iranian/ Indian Joint Venture Over Ethylene Cracker II-21
• Sinopec Talks with Exxon Mobil to Expand ethylene Plant II-21
• China Energy Strategic Partnership with Kazakhstan II-21
• Nova Chemicals Upgrades Vapor Cracker II-21
• Hubei Chemical City, Sinopec Jointly Develops Ethylene Plant in China II-21
• Thai Olefins Sets Up Ethylene Cracker II-21
• TVK' s Olefin-2 Ethylene Cracker Attains 100% Capacity II-22
• ENAP, Petroquim to Carry Out Joint Research II-22
• Honam Wraps Up a HDPE Unit to Increase Ethylene Export II-22
• Qatar Petrochemicals Company Establishes Three Ethylene Plant II-22
• PetroChina Increases Ethylene Facility in China II-22
• Yokogawa Taiwan Enters Into Agreement with FormosaPetrochemical Corp II-22
• Shanghai Petrochemical Completes Ethylene Project II-23
• PTT, Mitsui, Marubeni Sign Agreement II-23
• Qatar Petrochemicals Company Expands Ethylene Plant in South Doha II-23
• Iranian Contractors to Implement Ethylene Pipeline Project II-23
• Sinopec Boosts Ethylene Production in China II-23
• Eastern Petrochemical Commences Feasibility Study of Ethylene Plant II-23
• Shell Associates with Economic Development Board of Singapore II-23
• Sinopec Invests US$10 Billion to Establish Four Ethylene Plants II-24
• Sinopec Acquires Asia' s Largest Ethylene Production Plant II-24
• Yangzi Beefs Up Ethylene Capacity II-24
• Sinopec Qilu Launches Ethylene Plant Reconstruction Project II-24
• BP, Sinopec and SPC Joint Venture to Build Ethylene Plant II-24
• Atofina-BASF Joint Venture Ethylene Cracker at Port Arthur Starts Production II-24
• ExxonMobil Shuts Down its Baytown Ethylene Plant II-24
• Luoyang Develops Heavy Oil Catalytic Cracking Process Technology II-25
• LG Petrochemical Develops Refractory Metallic Based Catalyst System II-25
• Yanshan Completes Second Round Renovation of Ethylene Plant II-25
• Dow Stops ESI Production at Sarnia, Ontario Facility II-25
• Indian Oil Acquires Indian Petrochemicals Ethylene Plant at Baroda, India II-25
• BASF and China Petroleum & Chemical Corp Form a Joint Venture II-25
• Sinopec Beijing Yanhua Scales up Capacity II-25
• NPC Expands Ethylene Production Capacity II-25
• ExxonMobil Sets Up New Ethylene Cracker at Jurong Island, Singapore II-25
• Kemya Commences Production at its Al Jubail Facility II-26
• Chevron Phillips and QP Construct Ethylene Plant and Derivatives Unit II-26
• Taiwan Chinese Petroleum Reduces Operating Rate II-26
• China Petrochemical Group Corp. Acquires Guangzhou Ethylene II-26
• Brazil Withdraws Monopoly Protection for Domestic Gasoline Market II-26

5. Focus on Select Global Players II-27

• Arkema (France) II-27
• Basell NV (The Netherlands) II-27
• BASF AG (Germany) II-27
• Borealis A/S (Denmark) II-27
• Chevron Corporation (USA) II-28
• Chevron Phillips Chemical Company (USA) II-28
• Equistar Chemicals LP (USA) II-28
• ExxonMobil Chemical Company (USA) II-28
• Formosa Plastics Corp, USA (USA) II-29
• Honam Petrochemical Corporation (Korea) II-29
• Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd (Japan) II-29
• Innovene (USA) II-29
• Jilin Chemical Industry Company Ltd. (China) II-30
• Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (Japan) II-30
• Mitsui Chemicals Inc. (Japan) II-30
• Nova Chemicals Corp (USA) II-30
• PEMEX (Mexico) II-31
• Royal Dutch Shell (The Netherlands) II-31
• Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) (Saudi Arabia) II-31
• Sinopec Beijing Yanhua Petrochemical Co Ltd. (China) II-31
• SK Corporation (Korea) II-32
• The Dow Chemical Company (USA) II-32

6. Global Market Perspective II-33

• Table 12: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-33
• Table 13: World Historic Review for Ethylene by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-33
• Table 14: World 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America for Years 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-34
• Table 15: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene Used in Polyethylene by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-35
• Table 16: World Historic Review for Ethylene Used in Polyethylene by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-35
• Table 17: World 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene Used in Polyethylene by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America for Years 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-36
• Table 18: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene Used in Ethylene Dichloride by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-37
• Table 19: World Historic Review for Ethylene Used in Ethylene Dichloride by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-37
• Table 20: World 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene Used in Ethylene Dichloride by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America for Years 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-38
• Table 21: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene Used in Ethylene Oxide by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-39
• Table 22: World Historic Review for Ethylene Used in Ethylene Oxide by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-39
• Table 23: World 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene Used in Ethylene Oxide by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America for Years 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-40
• Table 24: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene Used in Ethyl Benzene by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-41
• Table 25: World Historic Review for Ethylene Used in Ethyl Benzene by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-41
• Table 26: World 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene Used in Ethyl Benzene by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America for Years 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-42
• Table 27: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene Used in Alpha Olefins by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-43
• Table 28: World Historic Review for Ethylene Used in Alpha Olefins by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-43
• Table 29: World 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene Used in Alpha Olefins by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America for Years 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-44
• Table 30: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene Used in Other Applications by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-45
• Table 31: World Historic Review for Ethylene Used in Other Applications by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-45
• Table 32: World 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene Used in Other Applications by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America for Years 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-46

III. MARKET

1. United States III-1

• A. Market Analysis III-1
• Table 33: North American Ethylene Market (2005): Percentage Breakdown of Production Capacities of Leading Players - Dow Chemical, Lyondell Chemical, NOVA Chemical, Westlake Chemical and Eastman Chemical (In ' 000 Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-1
• Table 34: US Market for Ethylene (2004): Exports to Major Destinations - Belgium, Venezuela, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, China and Korea (Quantity in Tons, Value in ' 000 US$) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-2
• End Use Market Analysis III-2
• Table 35: US Market for High Density Polyethylene Market (HDPE) (2003 & 2004): Percentage Breakdown of Consumption by End Use Segment - Film, Sheet, Pipe & Conduit, Injection Molding, Blow Molding, Rotomolding and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-2
• Ethylene Market in the Recent Past III-3
• Ethylene Prices on the Rise Owing to Supply Shortage III-3
• Katrina' s Impact on Ethylene Market III-3
• Economic Downturn Takes its Toll III-3
• Producers Scale Back Output Battered by Falling Markets III-3
• Ethane Based Operators Restarts Production III-3
• Strategic Corporate Developments III-3
• Focus on Select Players III-5
• B. Market Analytics III-8
• Table 36: US Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-8
• Table 37: US Historic Review for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-8
• Table 38: US 20-Year Perspective for Ethyleneby End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-9

2. Canada III-10

• A. Market Analysis III-10
• End Use Market Analysis III-10
• Table 39: Canadian Market for Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) in the Recent Past (2001): Production Capacities of Leading Players - AT Plastics, Nova Chemical and Dow Chemical (In ' 000 Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-10
• Table 40: Canadian Market for HDPE (Historic Datafor 2000): Production Capacities of Leading Players -Nova Chemicals, ExxonMobil and Petromont(In ' 000 Tons) (includes correspondingGraph/Chart) III-10
• Table 41: Canadian Market for LLDPE (Historic Data for 2000): Production Capacities of Leading Players - Nova Chemicals, Union Carbide, ExxonMobil and Dow Chemical (In ' 000 Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-11
• Strategic Corporate Developments III-11
• B. Market Analytics III-12
• Table 42: Canadian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-12
• Table 43: Canadian Historic Review for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-12
• Table 44: Canadian 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-13

3. Japan III-14

• A. Market Analysis III-14
• Focus On Select Players III-14
• B. Market Analytics III-15
• Table 45: Japanese Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-15
• Table 46: Japanese Historic Review for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-16
• Table 47: Japanese 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-16

4. Europe III-17

• A. Market Analysis III-17
• Regional Perspective III-17
• End Use Segment Perspective III-17
• Europe: A Leading Importer of Ethylene III-17
• Supply of Ethylene May Tighten Up III-17
• Table 48: Ethylene Market in Western Europe in the Recent Past (2002): Production Capacities of Leading Countries - Germany, France and Belgium (In Thousand Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-18
• Table 49: Leading Producers of Ethylene Dichloride (EDC) in Western Europe (Historic Data for 2000): Percentage Breakdown of Production Capacities by Country - Germany, France, Belgium, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, UK, Spain, Sweden, Turkey and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-18
• Strategic Corporate Developments III-18
• Focus on Select Players III-20
• B. Market Analytics III-22
• Table 50: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-22
• Table 51: European Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-22
• Table 52: European Historic Review for Ethylene by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-23
• Table 53: European Historic Review for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-23
• Table 54: European 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe for Years 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-24
• Table 55: European 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-24

4a. France III-25

• A. Market Analysis III-25
• Table 56: Ethylene Market In France In The Recent Past (2002): Percentage Share Of Production Capacities By Players - Atofina, Naphtachimie, Societe Du Craqueur De L' aubette, Exxon Chemical, Copenor Gi E AndA.P.Feyzin (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-25
• B. Market Analytics III-26
• Table 57: French Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-26
• Table 58: French Historic Review for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual SalesFigures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-26
• Table 59: French 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-27

4b. Germany III-28

• Market Analysis III-28
• Table 60: German Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-28
• Table 61: German Historic Review for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-29
• Table 62: German 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-29

4c. Italy III-30

• Market Analysis III-30
• Table 63: Italian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-30
• Table 64: Italian Historic Review for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual SalesFigures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-31
• Table 65: Italian 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-31

4d. United Kingdom III-32

• Market Analysis III-32
• Table 66: UK Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzedwith Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-32
• Table 67: UK Historic Review for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-33
• Table 68: UK 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-33

4e. Spain III-34

• Market Analysis III-34
• Table 69: Spanish Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-34
• Table 70: Spanish Historic Review for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-35
• Table 71: Spanish 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-35

4f. Russia III-36

• Market Analysis III-36
• Table 72: Russian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-36
• Table 73: Russian Historic Review for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-37
• Table 74: Russian 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-37

4g. Rest of Europe III-38

• Market Analysis III-38
• Table 75: Rest of Europe Market for Ethylene - Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis by End Use Segment for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-38
• Table 76: Rest of Europe Market for Ethylene - Historic Review by End Use Segment for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-39
• Table 77: Rest of Europe 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-39

5. Asia Pacific III-40

• A. Market Analysis III-40
• Table 78: Ethylene Market in Asia-Pacific (2000-2005): Production Capacities of Major Countries - China, India, Korea and Taiwan (In Thousand Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-40
• Ethylene Market in the Recent Past III-40
• Incursion of European Cargoes Slows Down the Market III-40
• Plant Closures Set off Price Rise in Asia III-41
• China - A Major Market III-41
• Major Growth Market III-41
• Market Overview III-41
• Country Boosts Up Capacities to Meet Mounting Demand III-41
• Table 79: Chinese Market for Ethylene (2004): Percentage Breakdown of Demand by End Use Segment - Polyethylene, Ethylene Glycol, Cinnamene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Glacial Acetic acid and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-42
• Table 80: Chinese Market for Ethylene in the Recent Past (2003): Production Capacities of Leading Producers - SINOPEC Shanghai Petrochemical Co. Ltd, SINOPEC Beijing Yanhua Petrochemical, SINOPEC Yangzi Petrochemical Co. Ltd, PetroChina Jilin Petrochemical Co., PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Co., SINOPEC Qilu Petrochemical Co. Ltd and SINOPEC Maoming Petrochemical Co. (In Thousand Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-42
• Select End Use Markets - A Historic Review III-42
• Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) III-42
• China' s Trade Dispute Spread Concerns in Polymer Market III-42
• Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) III-43
• Film Processing Variant Remains the Core LLDPE in the Country III-43
• Table 81: LLDPE Market in China (Historic Data for 2000): Capacities of Leading Players - Maoming Petrochemical Corp., Panjin Ethylene Industrial Co, Dushanzi Petrochemical General Plant, Zhongyuan Petrochemical, Jilin Chemical, Guangzhou Petrochemical, Shanghai Jinfei Petrochemical, Fushun Ethylene Chemical Co. Ltd., Daqing Petrochemical General Plant, Qilu Petrochemical Corp, Lanzhou Chemical Industrial Corp and Tianjin United Chemical (In Thousand Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-43
• Ethylene Oxide III-44
• Table 82: Ethylene Oxide Market in China in the Recent Past (2001): Output of Leading Players - Yangzi Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Shanghai Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Maoming Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Jilin Electrochemical Plant, Tianjin United Chemical Plant, Fushun Petrochemical Co., Ltd. And Beijing Dongfang Chemical Co (in Thousand Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-44
• Table 83: Ethylene Glycol Market in China in the Recent Past (2002): Production Capacities of Leading Players - Lunan Chemical Industrial Group Corp, Hebei Tangshan Chaoyang Chemical General Plant, Jiangsu Yixing Tianying Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd, Hebei Gaocheng Solvent Plant, Jiangsu Jingjiang Petrochemical Plant, Heilongjiang Qiqihar Heilong Fine Chemical Plant and AnhuiJiexi Tianci Chemical Plant (in ThousandTons) (includes correspondingGraph/Chart) III-45
• Indonesia III-45
• Table 84: Indonesian Market for Ethylene in the Recent Past (2001-2003): Imports from Major Countries in Asia-Pacific and Middle East Regions (In Thousand Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-46
• Strategic Corporate Developments III-46
• Focus on Select Players III-51
• B. Market Analytics III-53
• Table 85: Asia-Pacific Market for Ethylene - Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis by End Use Segment for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene
• Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-53
• Table 86: Asia-Pacific Market for Ethylene - Historic Review by End Use Segment for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-53
• Table 87: Asia-Pacific 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-54

6. Middle East III-55

• A. Market Analysis III-55
• Table 88: Ethylene Capacity in Middle East (2004-2010) (Capacity in Million Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-55
• Strategic Corporate Developments III-56
• Key Player III-58
• Saudi Basic Industries Corporation(SABIC) III-58
• B. Market Analytics III-58
• Table 89: Middle East Market for Ethylene - Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis by End Use Segment for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-58
• Table 90: Middle East Market for Ethylene - Historic Review by End Use Segment for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-59
• Table 91: Middle East 20-Year Perspective for Ethylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-59

7. Latin America III-60

• A. Market Analysis III-60
• Table 92: Ethylene Market in Latin America in the Recent Past (2002 & 2003): Capacities of Major Countries -Brazil, Mexico, Argentina and Venezuela (In Thousand Tons) (includes correspondingGraph/Chart) III-60
• Brazil - A Major Market III-60
• Table 93: Brazilian Market for Ethylene in the Recent Past (2001 & 2002): Capacities of Major Players - Copene, Copesul and Petroquima Uniao SA (In Thousand Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-61
• Strategic Corporate Developments III-61
• Key Player III-62
• PEMEX (Mexico) III-62
• B. Market Analytics III-63
• Table 94: Latin America Market for Ethylene - Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis by End Use Segment for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide,Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-63
• Table 95: Latin America Market for Ethylene - Historic Review by End Use Segment for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene,Alpha Olefins and Other Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-63
• Table 96: Latin America 20-Year Perspective forEthylene by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Polyethylene, Ethylene Dichloride, Ethylene Oxide, Ethyl Benzene, Alpha Olefins andOther Application Markets for 1991, 1995, 2005 &2010 (includes correspondingGraph/Chart) III-64

IV. COMPETITION

• 1. Abu Dhabi National Oil Co. (UAE) IV-1
• 2. Acetex Corporation (Canada) IV-2
• 3. Acros Organics NV (Belgium) IV-3
• 4. Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. (USA) IV-4
• Air Products & Chemicals (Germany) IV-7
• Air Products Asia, Inc. (China) IV-8
• Air Products Nederland BV (The Netherlands) IV-9
• Air Products SA-NV (Belgium) IV-9
• 5. Amir Kabir Petrochemical Co. (Iran) IV-10
• 6. Arabian Petrochemical Co. (Petrokemya) (Saudi Arabia) IV-10
• 7. Arak Petrochemical Company (Iran) IV-11
• 8. Arkema SA (France) IV-12
• 9. Arpechim SA (Romania) IV-40
• 10. Basell NV (Netherlands) IV-41
• 11. BASF Aktiengesellschaft (AG) (Germany) IV-44
• BASF Antwerpen NV (Belgium) IV-70
• 12. Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd. (China) IV-72
• 13. Borealis AS (Denmark) IV-76
• 14. BP Plc (UK) IV-84
• BP Petrochemicals (USA) IV-89
• BP K闤n GmbH (Germany) IV-91
• 15. Buna Sow Leuna Olefinverbund GmbH (Germany) IV-92
• 16. Carmel Olefins Ltd (Israel) IV-93
• 17. Cebu Oxygen & Acetylene Co., Inc. (Philippines) IV-95
• 18. Chemogas NV (Belgium) IV-95
• 19. Chemopetrol, A.S. (Czech Republic) IV-96
• 20. Chevron Corporation (USA) IV-99
• Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP (USA) IV-101
• 21. China National Petroleum & Natural Gas (Group) Corporation (China) IV-105
• 22. China Petroleum And Chemical Corporation - Sinopec (China) IV-109
• Sinopec Beijing Yanhua Petrochemical Co., Ltd. (China) IV-114
• Sinopec Shanghai Petrochemical Company Limited (China) IV-115
• Sinopec Yangzi Petro Chemical Corporation Ltd. (China) IV-116
• 23. Chinese Petroleum Corporation (Taiwan) IV-118
• 24. ConocoPhilips, Inc. (USA) IV-120
• 25. Copene Petroquimica Do Nordeste Sa (Brazil) IV-122
• 26. Copesul - Cia Petroquimica Do Sul (Brazil) IV-123
• 27. Daelim Industrial Co., Ltd. (South Korea) IV-124
• 28. Dow Chemical Company, The (USA) IV-127
• Dow Benelux NV (The Netherlands) IV-135
• Dow Chemical Canada Inc. (Canada) IV-135
• Dow Chemical Iberica S.L. (Spain) IV-136
• Dow Deutschland, Inc. ( Germany) IV-136
• 29. DSM Hydrocarbons (The Netherlands) IV-137
• 30. E. I. DU Pont De Nemours And Company (USA) IV-142
• 31. E.On AG (Germany) IV-143
• 32. Eastman Chemical Company (USA) IV-144
• Eastman Company UK Limited (UK) IV-149
• 33. Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (Egypt) IV-150
• 34. Empresa Colombiana De Petroleos (Colombia) IV-151
• 35. Eni SPA (Italy) IV-152
• 36. ENIP Entreprise Nationale De P彋rochimie, Spa (Algeria) IV-153
• 37. ExxonMobil Chemical Company (USA) IV-154
• Exxonmobil Chemical Limited (UK) IV-158
• Exxon Mobil Chemical Europe, Inc. (Belgium) IV-159
• ExxonMobil Chemical Central Europe GmbH (Germany) IV-160
• Fleurchem, Inc. (USA) IV-160
• 38. Formosa Plastics Corporation (Taiwan) IV-162
• Formosa Plastics Corpoartion (USA) IV-163
• 39. Gas Authority Of India Limited (India) IV-165
• 40. Haldia Petrochemicals Limited (India) IV-168
• 41. Hanwha Chemical Corporation (Korea) IV-169
• 42. Hoek Loos NV (Belgium) IV-174
• 43. Honam Petrochemical Corporation (Korea) IV-175
• 44. Huntsman Corporation (USA) IV-176
• 45. Hyundai Petrochemical Co., Ltd. (Korea) IV-189
• 46. Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. (Japan) IV-190
• 47. Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited (India) IV-191
• 48. Javelina Company (USA) IV-192
• 49. Jiangsu Danhua Group Company (China) IV-193
• 50. Jilin Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. (China) IV-194
• 51. Keiyo Ethylene Co., Ltd. (Japan) IV-196
• 52. Korea Petrochemical Industry Co. (Korea) IV-197
• 53. Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (Kuwait) IV-198
• 54. LG Chem Ltd. (Korea) IV-199
• LG Petrochemical Co., Ltd. (Korea) IV-203
• 55. Lonza GmbH (Germany) IV-204
• 56. Lyondell Chemical Company (USA) IV-205
• Equistar Chemicals LP (USA) IV-207
• 57. Marubeni Corporation (Japan) IV-213
• 58. Maruzen Petrochemical Company Limited (Japan) IV-217
• 59. Messer Griesheim GmbH (Germany) IV-219
• 60. Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (Japan) IV-222
• 61. Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. (Japan) IV-232
• 62. National Organic Chemical Industries Ltd. (India) IV-240
• 63. National Petrochemical Public Co., Ltd. (Thailand) IV-241
• 64. Nichimen Corporation (Japan) IV-242
• 65. Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. (Japan) IV-243
• 66. Nizhnekamskneftekhim, Inc. (Russia) IV-244
• 67. Noretyl (Norway) IV-245
• 68. Norsk Hydro ASA (Norway) IV-246
• 69. Nova Chemicals Corporation (Canada) IV-247
• 70. Oao Lukoil (Russia) IV-250
• 71. Occidental Petroleum Corporation (USA) IV-251
• 72. Panjin Ethylene Industry Corporation (China) IV-255
• 73. Petrochemical Corporation of Singapore (Singapore) IV-256
• 74. Petroleos Mexicanos - Pemex (Mexico) IV-257
• 75. Petroquimica Uniao SA (Brazil) IV-259
• 76. Praxair, Inc. (USA) IV-261
• Praxair Mexico SA De CV ( Mexico) IV-274
• 77. PT. Chandra Asri (Indonesia) IV-275
• 78. Qatar Petrochemical Co., Ltd. (Qatar) IV-276
• 79. Qenos Pty., Ltd. (Australia) IV-277
• 80. Reliance Industries Ltd. (India) IV-278
• 81. Rompetrol Refining Complex Petromidia S.A. (Romania) IV-283
• 82. Royal Dutch/Shell Group (Netherlands) IV-284
• Shell Chemical Company (USA) IV-286
• Shell Chemicals UK Ltd. (UK) IV-292
• Shell Eastern Petroleum Pte., Ltd. (Singapore) IV-296
• Shell Nederland Chemie BV (Netherlands) IV-301
• Shell Petrochimie Mediterranee (France) IV-301
• 83. Salavatnefteorgsintez Jsc (Russian Federation) IV-302
• 84. Sasol Ltd. (South Africa) IV-303
• Sasol Chemical Industries Pty., Ltd. (South Africa) IV-309
• Sasol Polymers (South Africa) IV-309
• Sasol North America, Inc. (USA) IV-312
• 85. Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (Saudi Arabia) IV-314
• 86. Saudi Petrochemical Company (Saudi Arabia) IV-316
• 87. Saudi Yanbu Petrochemical Co. (YANPET) (Saudi Arabia) IV-316
• 88. Showa Denko K.K. (Japan) IV-317
• 89. SK Corporation (Korea) IV-319
• 90. Spolana AS Neratovice (Czech Republic) IV-321
• 91. Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. (Japan) IV-323
• 92. Sunoco Chemicals, Inc. (USA) IV-330
• 93. Tabriz Petrochemical Company (Iran) IV-331
• 94. Thai Olefins PCL (Thailand) IV-331
• 95. Tiszai Vegyi Kombinat RT (Hungary) IV-331
• 96. Westlake Group (USA) IV-332
• 97. Williams Olefins (USA) IV-335