塑膠光纖（POF）市場・技術分析

The POF MARKET is BOOMING!

In contrast to the glass optical fiber business, the Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) business in 2008 is booming. There is an excitement in the air that is causing companies to reassess their strategies with regard to POF. New companies are entering the field from China, Taiwan, Japan, U.S, Canada, Europe Korea, Australia and Ireland as an indication of the widespread interest in POF.

There are a number of reasons driving the interest in POF including:

• Need for low cost optical solutions.
• Acceptance of the MOST standard for auto POF databuses by IG European automobile manufacturers.
• Recent approval of the 1394b standard which increases distance between Modes to 100m at speeds up to 3.29bps.
• Wide interest in POF across many applications such as automation, consumer, industrial controls, interconnect, medical and now homeland security.
• Technical developments in resonant cavity LED' s, VCSELs, graded index PMMA and PF fibers.

IGI Consulting (IGIC) recently completed market study forecasts the POF market will grow from $1.2 billion in 2008 to $1.7 billion in 2010.

E.0 Executive Summary

E.1.0 Introduction

E.2.0 Main Markets for POF

• E.2.1 Automotive
• E.2.2 Consumer Electronics - 1394b
• E.2.3 Industrial Control
• E.2.4 Interconnection
• E.2.5 Home Networks
• E.2.6 Homeland Security

E.3.0 POF as a Disruptive Technology

E.4.0 Market Forecasts

E.5.0 POF Technology Trends

• E.5.1 Fiber Loss Trends
• E.5.2 Fiber Bandwidth Trends
• E.5.3 Step Index and Graded Index PMMA
• E.5.4 Perfluorinated GI-POF Developments

E.6.0 Growth of POF Activity World Wide

E.7.0 Major Impediments to Market Growth

E.8.0 Opportunities for Suppliers

1.0 Introduction

2.0 Some Advantages of POF

• 2.1 Ease of Connectorization
• 2.2 Durability
• 2.3 Large Diameter Requires Less Attention to Tolerances
• 2.4 Low Cost Systems
• 2.5 Low Cost Fibers Possible
• 2.6 Low Cost Transceivers
• 2.7 Space Division Multiplexers
• 2.8 Low Cost Receivers
• 2.9 Smaller Connector Size
• 2.10 Low Cost Test Equipment
• 2.11 Flexibility to Shock and Vibration
• 2.12 Ease of Maintenance
• 2.13 Ease of Handling
• 2.14 Minimal Safety Problems Compared to GOF
• 2.15 Bandwidth Growth Potential
• 2.16 New Fiber Developments
• 2.17 Wide Range of Potential Markets
• 2.18 Standards are Available in Major Markets
• 2.19 PF Can Use Low Cost GOF components

3.0 Comparison Between copper, Glass Optical Fiber (GOF) and POF

• 3.1 An Installers View
  • 3.1.1 Installation Issues
  • 3.1.2 Testing

4.0 POF Historical Development and Organization

• 4.1 History
• 4.2 POF Organization Worldwide
  • 4.2.1 POF Developments in Japan
  • 4.2.2 POF Developments in U.S.
  • 4.2.3 POF in Europe
    • 4.2.3.1 POF in France
    • 4.2.3.2 POF in Germany
  • 4.2.4 POF in Korea
  • 4.2.5 POF in other Countries

5.0 Fiber Technology

• 5.1 Basic of Optical Fiber Systems
• 5.2 Types of Fibers
  • 5.2.1 Step Index Fibers
  • 5.2.2 Multimode Graded Index Fibers
  • 5.2.3 Single Mode Fibers (SMF)
• 5.3 Plastic Optical Fibers (POF)
  • 5.3.1 Materials Used in POF
  • 5.3.2 Attenuation of PMMA Plastic Optical Fibers
  • 5.3.3 Perfluorinated POF
  • 5.3.4 Bandwidth of Plastic Optical Fibers
  • 5.3.5 Impact of Numerical Aperature (NA)
  • 5.3.6 Other Methods to Increase Bandwidth
  • 5.3.7 Increased Bandwidth Using Low NA Sources
  • 5.3.8 Graded Index PMMA POF (GI-POF)
  • 5.3.9 Perfluorinated (PF) Graded Index POF (PF GI-POF)
  • 5.3.10 Photonic Crystal Polymer Optical Fibers
  • 5.3.11 High Temperature POF
  • 5.3.12 Summary Performance of PMMA and Perfluorinated Fibers
  • 5.3.13 Manufacturing Methods for POF
• 5.4.1 Impact of Numerical Aperture (NA)
• 5.4.2 Other Methods to Increase Bandwidth
• 5.4.3 Increased Bandwidth using Low NA Sources

6.0 Light Sources

• 6.1 Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
  • 6.1.1 Low NA LEDs
  • 6.1.2 Low NA LED Source for ATM POF Data Link
  • 6.1.3 Materials and Wavelengths for LEDs
• 6.2 Resonant Cavity LEDs (RC-LEDs)
• 6.3 Laser Diodes
• 6.4 Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs)
  • 6.4.1 Data Links using VCSELs

7.0 Connectors

• 7.1 POF Connectorization Methods
  • 7.1.2 ATM Forum Connector Requirements
• 7.2 POF Connector Types
  • 7.2.1 PN Connector
  • 7.2.2 Small Multimedia Interface (SMI) Connector
  • 7.2.3 IDB-1394 Automotive Connector
  • 7.2.4 Agilent Rimpless Connector
  • 7.2.5 Packard Hughes Interconnect Connector
  • 7.2.6 Optical Mini Jack
  • 7.2.7 Panduit Poly-Jack
  • 7.2.8 MOST Connector
  • 7.2.9 Splicing

8.0 Couplers

• 8.1 Optical Busses and Cross Connects

9.0 Switches

10.0 Integrated Optics

• 10.1 Planar Waveguides

11.0 Polymeric Lenses

12.0 Fiber Bragg Gratings

13.0 POF Optical Amplifiers

14.0 Test Equipment

• 14.1 OTDRs

15.0 POF Systems - Ethernet Example

16.0 POF Hardware

17.0 Illustrative Examples of POF Data Communications Applications

• 17.1 Introduction
• 17.2 Range of Applications
• 17.3 Opto Couplers
• 17.4 Printed Circuit Board Interconnects
• 17.5 Digital Audio Interface
• 17.6 Prionic Data Links
• 17.7 Automotive Applications
  • 17.7.1 Automotive Harness Wiring Trends
  • 17.7.2 Increase in Electronic Content
  • 17.7.3 Automotive Standards
  • 17.7.3.1 MOST Standards
  • 17.7.3.2 1394 Automotive Working Group and IDB
• 17.8 Local Area Networks
  • 17.8.1 Introduction
  • 17.8.2 Netronix
  • 17.8.3 Codenoll
  • 17.8.4 Mitsubishi Rayon - Minimap
  • 17.8.5 NEC Ethernet
• 17.9 IEEE 1394 - Fire Wire
  • 17.9.1 Market Potential
  • 17.9.2 Transmission Media fir 1394B
  • 17.9.3 Home Networks
  • 17.9.4 1394 Sample Costs
• 17.10 Toll Booths
• 17.11 Factory Automation
• 17.12 Medical
• 17.13 High Voltage Isolation
• 17.14 Home Network
• 17.15 Test Equipment
• 17.16 Security
• 17.17 EMI/RFI
• 17.18 Hydraulic Lifts
• 17.19 Trains
• 17.20 CAN
• 17.21 Point of Sale Terminals
• 17.22 Robotics
• 17.23 Programmable Controller
• 17.24 Video Surveillance
• 17.25 High Speed Video
• 17.26 Video
• 17.27 POF & Wireless

18.0 POF Cost Comparisons

• 18.1 Connector Cost Trade Offs

19.0 POF and Related Standards

• 19.1 Standard Drivers
• 19.2 Trends in POF Standards
• 19.3 History of the Development of POF Standards
• 19.4 Process Control
  • 19.4.1 Profibus
    • 19.4.2.2 Sercos
    • 19.4.3.2 Interbus
• 19.5 Automotive
  • 19.5.1.1 MOST
  • 19.5.1.2 IDB-1394B
• 19.6 Computer Standards
  • 19.6.2.2 ATM
  • 19.6.2.3 IEEE 1394B
• 19.7 Home Standards
  • 19.7.2.2 CEBUS
  • 19.7.2.3 ATM Forum/Residential Broadband
  • 19.7.2.4 IEEE 1394/Home Network
  • 19.7.2.5 Consumer Electronics

20.0 Components Testing

• 20.1 Introduction
• 20.2 IEC
• 20.3 VDI/VDE

21.0 POF Components - Present Status

• 21.1 POF Fiber Suppliers
  • 21.1.1 Mitsubishi Rayon
  • 21.1.2 Asahi Chemical
  • 21.1.3 Toray Industries Inc
  • 21.1.4 Asahi Glass
  • 21.1.5 Nanoptics
  • 21.1.6 OFS- Fitel
  • 21.1.7 Redfern Polymer
  • 21.1.8 Korean
  • 21.1.9 Nexans
  • 21.1.10 Fuji Film
• 21.2 Light Source Suppliers
  • 21.2.1 Light Emitting Devices
  • 21.2.2 Resonant Cavity LEDs (RC-LEDs)
  • 21.2.3 Laser Diodes
  • 21.2.4 VCSELSs
• 21.3 Photo Diodes Suppliers
• 21.4 Connector Suppliers
• 21.5 Coupler Suppliers
• 21.6 Test & Equipment Suppliers
• 21.7 Splicing Equipment Suppliers
• 21.8 Media Converters Suppliers
• 21.9 Data Links Suppliers
• 21.10 Other Passive Components
• 21.11 Other Active Components

22.0 POF Component Price Trends

• 22.1 Impact of the MOST Standard
• 22.2 POF Fiber Pricing Trends
  • 22.2.1 Step Index Fibers
  • 22.2.2 Graded Index PMMA Fibers
  • 22.2.3 POF Graded Index Fibers
• 22.3 Cable Assemblies
• 22.4 POF Transmitters and Receivers
• 22.5 Graded Index PMMA and PF POF Pricing
• 22.6 Conclusion on Fiber Pricing

23.0 Market Drivers

• 23.1 Technology
• 23.2 Standards
• 23.3 Market Needs
• 23.4 Government Funding
• 23.5 Education of End Users
• 23.6 Marketing
• 23.7 Large Player
• 23.8 POF Systems Suppliers

24.0 POF Market Projections and Forecasts

• 24.1 Automotive Market
• 24.2 Consumer Electronics and 1394b
• 24.3 POF Industrial Controls Markets
• 24.4 Home Markets
• 24.5 Interconnect Market
• 24.6 Total POF Market

25.0 POF Activities World Wide

• 25.1 United States
• 25.2 Japan
• 25.3 Europe
  • 25.3.1 France
  • 25.3.2 Germany
• 25.4 Korea
• 25.5 Other

26.0 Profile of POF Companies Past and Present

• 26.1 1394 Trade Association
• 26.2 3M
• 26.3 Acome
• 26.4 Amoco Chemical Co.
• 26.5 Agilent Technologies Inc
• 26.6 Alps Electric Co. Ltd
• 26.7 Asahi Chemical Industry Co. Ltd
• 26.8 Asahi Glass Co. Ltd
• 26.9 AT&T Bell Laboratories
• 26.10 Augat/Aster
• 26.11 Avaya Communication
• 26.12 BAE Systems
• 26.13 Bayer AG
• 26.14 BDM
• 26.15 BDM International
• 26.16 BOSCH
• 26.17 Boston Optical Fiber (BOF)
• 26.18 Bridgestone Corp
• 26.19 Brookhaven National Laboratory
• 26.20 California Eastern Labs
• 26.21 Center National d' Estudes des Telecommunications (CNET)
• 26.22 COBRA Institute
• 26.23 Codenoll Technology Corp
• 26.24 Corning Cable Systems Newstadt
• 26.25 CRHEA
• 26.26 Daimler Chrysler AG
• 26.27 Delphi Connection Systems
• 26.28 Delphi Electric Systems
• 26.29 Delphi Packard Electric
• 26.30 Deutsch Telekom AG
• 26.31 DieMount Solutions
• 26.32 Digital Optronics
• 26.33 Dow Chemical USA
• 26.34 DuPont
• 26.35 FCI Automotive
• 26.36 FCI Automotive (Germany)
• 26.37 FCI France
• 26.38 Federal Institute f or Materials Research and Testing

Appendix 1 - Agilent Crimpless Connectors