公用事業的可再生以及分散型能源戰略：對於氣候變動的對應

Abstract

This Energy Insights report evaluates how regulatory and market activity surrounding greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions in North America is triggering utility responses favorable to renewable energy (RE) and distributed energy (DE) technologies. After first reviewing the shifting carbon regulatory landscape and assessing the specific RE and DE technologies that stand to benefit from CO₂ abatement, we then describe six utility strategies - including examples of their real-world implementation - that successfully hedge, adapt to, comply with, and profit from a future carbon-constrained business environment.

According to Nadav Enbar, senior research analyst, Energy Insights, "The utility sector will be the primary target for reducing GHGs given its considerable carbon footprint, comprising roughly 40% of U.S. emissions. The onus will therefore be on industry executives to proactively make the tactical decisions, many of which advocate the greater use of RE and DE technologies, that address approaching CO₂-limiting directives."

Table of Contents

• Table of Contents
• Energy Insights Opinion
• In This Report
• Situation Overview
  • The North American CO2 Regulatory and Market Environment in Brief
  • Table: The Potential Impact of Future Carbon Regulations on the Electricity Sector
  • Figure: Forthcoming U.S. Cap-and-Trade Markets
  • The Potential Impact of GHG Emissions Abatement on RE and DE Technologies
    • Renewable Energy
    • Figure: Comparison of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Selected Generation Sources
      • Landfill Gas and Anaerobic Digesters
      • Biomass Combustion and Gasification
      • Figure: Energy Flows and Carbon Emissions for Separate and Combined Heat and Power Generation
    • Power-Only Baseload DE
    • Standby Diesel Generators
• The Approach
• Table: Utility GHG Strategies That Favor Renewable and Distributed Energy Adoption
  • Best-of-Breed Strategies
    • Carbon Adder
    • Figure: The Potential Impact of GHG Regulation on the Relative Economics of Electric Resources
    • Carbon Trading
    • Renewable Energy Business Development
    • Figure: Top 10 Owners of U.S. Wind Projects, Year-End 2007
    • Climate-Neutral Products
    • Figure: SMUD' s Carbon Offset Calculator
    • Direct GHG Reduction Efforts
    • Investing in RE as a Hedge
    • Figure: The Economic Benefits of MidAmerican Energy' s Wind Hedge Strategy, 1997-2011
• Future Outlook
• Essential Guidance
  • Actions to Consider
• Learn More
  • Related Research
    • Energy Insights Research
    • Other Research
  • Synopsis