[英文調查報告書] 大型高性能電池的技術與市場

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Until about 20 years ago, the U.S. battery market was considered mature, with demand closely related to sales of either automobiles or various consumer products. Since then, advanced batteries have helped spark a dramatic change in this relationship.

This definition excludes all primary (nonrechargeable) batteries and all lead-acid automotive batteries, as well as all A, C, and D cylindrical batteries and button cells. Nonautomotive lead-acid batteries are included. Many portable product batteries, including computer power, portable tools, and battery-powered lawn care products are included.

Several entirely new classes of advanced batteries have been commercialized during the last 20 years, including nickel-metal hydride, secondary lithium, and zinc-air designs. Meanwhile, improved microelectronic battery charger controller technology is allowing the commercialization of entire new classes of batteries (notably rechargeable alkaline and lithium-ion) often at the expense of previously important battery systems (notably nickel-cadmium and portable product lead-acid). This, in turn, has allowed the commercialization of portable products that would have been impossible without improved battery chargers, including portable computers and portable cordless hand tools.

As this synergy continues to develop, there are areas where the advanced battery industry could experience the explosive growth usually associated with emerging industries. Battery designers (mainly electrochemists) and battery charger designers (mainly electrical and electronics specialists) will continue to operate together, with new batteries and new battery chargers evolving together to produce even higher performance products.

SCOPE OF STUDY

This report contains:

Descriptions of various types of large and advanced batteries including those for traction, marine and aviation applications, computers, handtools, lawncare products, military/aerospace applications, uninterruptible power supplies, emergency lighting, remote power, alternative energy storage and alternative vehicles
The current global market status of the large and advanced battery industry, with trends and forecasts for growth over the next 5 years
Discussion of advanced battery research and development worldwide, especially in the Far East, the United States, Europe (especially France), and Canada
Technological issues including the latest trends and a thorough patent analysis
Company profiles.

METHODOLOGY

This report is based on interviews with commercial and government sources, literature reviews, and patent examinations. Throughout the report, past market data is expressed in current dollars, and estimates and projections are in constant 2007 dollars. Historic markets and the projected market for 2012 are provided. Most market summaries are based on a consensus scenario that assumes no unanticipated technical advances and no unexpected legislation. Pessimistic, consensus, and optimistic market scenarios characterize several developmental markets. Totals are rounded to the nearest million dollars. When appropriate, information from previously published sources is identified to allow a more detailed examination by clients.

Large & Advanced Battery Technology & Markets
Chapter 1 - SUMMARY
- SUMMARY TABLE: GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- SUMMARY FIGURE: GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Chapter 2 - TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW
- BATTERY BACKGROUND
TABLE 1 LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY SYSTEMS
TABLE 1 (CONTINUED)
- BATTERY SYSTEMS
  - GENERAL BATTERY CHARACTERISTICS
    - Voltage
    - Capacity
    - Shelf Life
    - Drain
    - Safety
      - Safety (Continued)
  - Energy Density
  - Power
  - Recharge Time
  - Primary Battery Size and Shape
  - Cycle Life
  - Disposal Factors
- COMMERCIAL SECONDARY BATTERY CHARACTERISTICS
TABLE 2 COMMERCIAL SECONDARY BATTERY TYPES
TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)
- BATTERY DESCRIPTIONS
  - LEAD-ACID BATTERIES
    - Lead-Acid Traction Batteries
    - Lead-Acid Sealed Appliance Batteries
    - Lead-Acid UPS Batteries
    - State of the Art and Recent Developments
      - State of the Art and ý (Continued)
      - State of the Art and ý (Continued)
- TABLE 3 LEAD-ACID BATTERY COMPANIES AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
- TABLE 3 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 3 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 3 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 3 (CONTINUED)
  - Applications and Markets
    - Lead-Acid Traction Batteries
    - Lead-Acid Sealed Appliance Batteries
    - Lead-Acid UPS Batteries
  - Technical and Market Challenges
  - Large and advanced Lead-Acid Market Summary
TABLE 4 GLOBAL LEAD-ACID BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERIES
  - Nickel-cadmium Batteries (Continued)
  - State of the Art and Recent Developments
Applications/Markets
- Large and advanced Nickel-Cadmium Market Summary
TABLE 5 GLOBAL NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- NICKEL-HYDROGEN BATTERIES
  - State of the Art and Recent Developments
  - Applications and Markets
  - Technical and Market Challenges
- NICKEL-IRON BATTERIES
- NICKEL-ZINC BATTERIES
  - State of the Art and Recent Developments
  - Applications/Markets
  - Technical and Market Challenges
- NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE BATTERIES
  - Nickel-metal Hydride Batteries (Continued)
  - State of the Art and Recent Developments
    - State of the Art ý (Continued)
    - State of the Art ý (Continued)
    - State of the Art ý (Continued)
    - State of the Art ý (Continued)
TABLE 6 NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE BATTERY COMPANIES AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 6 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 6 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 6 (CONTINUED)
- Applications and Markets
- Technical and Market Challenges
- Large and advanced Nickel-Metal Hydride Market Summary
TABLE 7 GLOBAL NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 7 (CONTINUED)
- Rechargeable Lithium Batteries (including Lithium-ion and Lithium-polymer)
TABLE 8 NON LITHIUM-ION RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERY CONFIGURATIONS
TABLE 8 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 9 NON LITHIUM-ION RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERY STATUS
- Lithium-Ion Compared with Lithium-Ion Polymer
  - Lithium-Ion ý (Continued)
- Lithium-Ion as Smart Batteries
  - Lithium-Ion ý (Continued)
  - Lithium-Ion ý (Continued)
TABLE 10 SMART BATTERY SYSTEM (SBS) STAKEHOLDERS
- State of the Art and Recent Developments
  - State of the Art ý (Continued)
TABLE 11 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY COMPANIES AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
- Applications and Markets
- Technical and Market Challenges
- Large and advanced Lithium Market Summary
TABLE 12 GLOBAL LITHIUM BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- HIGH-TEMPERATURE LITHIUM BATTERIES
  - High-temperature ý (Continued)
  - High-temperature ý (Continued)
  - State of the Art and Recent Developments
TABLE 13 HIGH-TEMPERATURE LITHIUM-IRON SULFIDE BATTERY R&D
TABLE 14 SUMMARY OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE LITHIUM BATTERY RESEARCH
- Applications and Markets
- SILVER-BASED SECONDARY BATTERIES
- Silver-Zinc Batteries
- Silver-Cadmium Batteries
- Silver-Iron Batteries
- Silver-Polymer Batteries
- State of the Art and Recent Developments
- Applications and Markets
- Large and advanced Specialty Market Summary
TABLE 15 GLOBAL SPECIALTY BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- METAL-AIR BATTERIES
  - Aluminum-Air Batteries
    - Aluminum-Air Batteries (Continued)
TABLE 16 SUMMARY OF CURRENT AND HISTORIC ALUMINUM-AIR BATTERY COMPANIES AND DEVELOPMENTS
- ZINC-AIR BATTERIES
TABLE 17 SUMMARY OF CURRENT AND HISTORIC ZINC-AIR BATTERY COMPANIES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 17 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 17 (CONTINUED)
- Hybrid Zinc-Air/Manganese-Dioxide Batteries
- Iron-Air Batteries
- Lithium-Air Batteries
- Magnesium-Air Batteries
  - Magnesium-Air Batteries (Continued)
- Metal-Air Materials
  - Metal-Air Materials (Continued)
- Metal-Air Battery Market Trends
- Large and advanced Metal-Air Market Summary
TABLE 18 GLOBAL METAL-AIR BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- SODIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES
  - Sodium-sulfur Batteries (Continued)
  - State of the Art and Recent Developments
TABLE 19 SUMMARY OF CURRENT AND HISTORIC SODIUM-SULFUR BATTERY COMPANIES AND DEVELOPMENTS
- State of the Art ý (Continued)
- Sodium-Sulfur Battery Market Trends
REDOX AND FLOW BATTERIES
- Zinc-Chloride Batteries
- Zinc-Bromine Redox Batteries
  - Zinc-Bromine ý (Continued)
- Chromium-Chloride/Iron-Chloride Redox Batteries
- Vanadium Redox Batteries (VRBs)
  - Vanadium ý (Continued)
- Vanadium Redox ý (VRBs)
  - Sodium-Bromide Batteries
- EXPLORATORY BATTERIES
  - Calcium-Metal-Sulfide Batteries
  - Sodium-Metal Chloride Batteries (ZEBRA)
  - Large and advanced Developmental Market Summary
TABLE 20 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTAL BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- COMPETING ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
  - Hybrid Battery Systems
    - Hybrid ý (Continued)
    - Hybrid ý (Continued)
    - Capacitive Energy Storage
TABLE 21 COMPARISON BETWEEN CAPACITIVE ENERGY STORAGE AND LARGE ELECTROCHEMICAL STORAGE BATTERIES
TABLE 21 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 22 COMPARISON OF CAPACITOR, ULTRACAPACITOR AND BATTERY CHARACTERISTICS
- Nuclear Batteries
  - Nuclear ý (Continued)
- Flywheel Energy Storage
- Fuel Cells
  - Alkaline Fuel Cells
  - Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells
  - Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
  - Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells
  - Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Chapter 3 - LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET APPLICATIONS
- SUMMARY OF LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKETS
  - LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET ANALYSIS CONVENTIONS
    - Market Value Model
      - Market Value Model (Continued)
    - Definitions of Regions
    - Analysis Duration
    - Monetary Conventions
- MOTIVE POWER LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKETS
  - TRACTION AND MARINE BATTERIES
    - Traction and Marine Battery Background
    - Traction and ý (Continued)
    - Traction and ý (Continued)
    - Traction and ý (Continued)
    - Traction and ý (Continued)
    - Traction and Marine Battery Market Summary
TABLE 23 GLOBAL TRACTION AND MARINE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 24 GLOBAL TRACTION AND MARINE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 1 GLOBAL TRACTION AND MARINE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Aviation Battery Background
- Aviation Battery Market Summary
TABLE 25 GLOBAL AVIATION BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 26 GLOBAL AVIATION MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 2 GLOBAL AVIATION MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- PORTABLE PRODUCT LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKETS
  - Computer Battery Background
  - Computer Battery Market Summary
TABLE 27 PORTABLE COMPUTING PRODUCT MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 28 PORTABLE COMPUTER BATTERY DRIVING FORCES AND MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 29 GLOBAL PORTABLE COMPUTER BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 30 GLOBAL PORTABLE COMPUTER BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 3 GLOBAL PORTABLE COMPUTER BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Hand Tools and Lawn Care Product Background
  - Hand Tools ý (Continued)
- Hand Tools and Lawn Care Product Market Summary
TABLE 31 PORTABLE TOOLS DRIVING FORCES AND MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 32 PORTABLE TOOL BATTERY DRIVING FORCES AND MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 33 GLOBAL HAND TOOL AND LAWN CARE PRODUCT MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 34 GLOBAL HAND TOOL AND LAWN CARE PRODUCT MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 4 GLOBAL HAND TOOL AND LAWN CARE PRODUCT MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- MILITARY/ AEROSPACE PORTABLE PRODUCT BATTERIES
  - Military/ Aerospace Portable Product Battery Background
TABLE 35 MILITARY/AEROSPACE PRIMARY LITHIUM BATTERY APPLICATIONS
TABLE 35 (CONTINUED)
- Military/ Aerospace ý (Continued)
- Military/ Aerospace ý (Continued)
Military/ Aerospace Portable Product Battery Market Summary
TABLE 36 PORTABLE MILITARY PRODUCT DRIVING FORCES AND MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 37 GLOBAL PORTABLE MILITARY PRODUCT BATTERY MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 38 GLOBAL PORTABLE MILITARY PRODUCT BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 5 GLOBAL PORTABLE MILITARY PRODUCT BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- STATIONARY POWER LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKETS
  - UPS Battery Background
  - UPS Battery Market Summary
TABLE 39 GLOBAL UPS BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 39 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 40 GLOBAL UPS BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 6 GLOBAL UPS BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Emergency Lighting Battery Background
- Emergency Lighting Battery Market Summary
TABLE 41 GLOBAL EMERGENCY LIGHTING BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 42 GLOBAL EMERGENCY LIGHTING BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 42 (CONTINUED)
- Remote Power and Alternative Energy Storage Battery Background
- Remote Power and Alternative Energy Storage Battery Market Summary
TABLE 43 GLOBAL REMOTE AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY STORAGE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 44 GLOBAL REMOTE AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY STORAGE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 7 GLOBAL REMOTE AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY STORAGE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES
  - HEV BACKGROUND
    - Pollution Abatement
    - Electric Utility Efficiency
    - Promotion of Domestic Energy Sources
    - Maintaining Technological Competitiveness
- HEV BATTERY MARKET SUMMARY
  - Toyota HEV Market Status
TABLE 45 TOYOTA AND LEXUS HYBRID VEHICLE SALES BY YEAR, 1997 TO MAY 2007 (UNIT = 1,000 VEHICLES)
TABLE 46 CUMULATIVE SALES OF MAIN TOYOTA AND LEXUS HYBRID PASSENGER VEHICLES BY MODEL, 1997 TO MAY 2007 (UNIT = 1,000 VEHICLES)
- Toyota HEV ý (Continued)
TABLE 47 GLOBAL HEV MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 48 GLOBAL HEV MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 8 GLOBAL HEV MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEVELOPMENTAL MARKETS
  - AUTOMOTIVE BATTERIES
    - Automotive Battery Background
    - Automotive Battery Market Summary
TABLE 49 GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 50 GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Plug-In Battery Background
  - Plug-In Battery ý (Continued)
- University and Government Plug-In and Advanced HEV Studies
  - University of California Low Carbon Fuel Standard
    - University ý (Continued)
- Electric Power Research Institute
- Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
  - University ý (Continued)
  - University ý (Continued)
- U.S. DOE/EERE' s Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies (OFVCT)
  - Summary Report: Discussion Meeting on Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles
    - Participants.
    - Background
    - Vehicle Technology
    - Electric Distribution
    - Potential Show Stoppers
    - Unknowns/Data Needs
    - Recommendations/Opportunities for DOE
    - Current Activities and Next Steps
- EPRI and the Natural Resources Defense Council
TABLE 51 PROJECTED ANNUAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTIONS FROM PHEVS IN THE YEAR 2050 (MILLION MT)
TABLE 52 PEAK NEW VEHICLE MARKET SHARE IN 2050 FOR THE THREE PHEV ADOPTION SCENARIOS (%)
- Plug-in Battery Market Summary
TABLE 53 GLOBAL PLUG-IN BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 54 GLOBAL PLUG-IN BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 9 GLOBAL PLUG-IN BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Utility Load Leveling Background
TABLE 55 JABEESS LOAD-LEVELING OPTIONS
- Utility Load ý (Continued)
  - Utility Load-leveling Battery Market Summary
TABLE 56 GLOBAL LOAD-LEVELING BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 57 GLOBAL LOAD-LEVELING BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Developmental Military/Aerospace Background
- Developmental Military/Aerospace Market Summary
  - Military Electric Vehicles Scenario
    - Military ý (Continued)
- Battery-Powered Fighting Vehicle Scenario
  - Battery-Powered ý (Continued)
  - Battery-Powered ý (Continued)
  - Battery-Powered ý (Continued)
- Military Automated Factory Scenario
- Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) Revival Scenario
Developmental Military Battery Market Summary
TABLE 58 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTAL MILITARY BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 59 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTAL MILITARY BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET SUMMARY
TABLE 60 GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 61 GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Chapter 4 - INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVE ASPECTS
- THE DRIVING FORCES OF THE INDUSTRY
  - TREND ANALYSIS
TABLE 62LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET (END-USE) TRENDS
- DRIVING FORCE NUMBER 1: PATENT SITUATION
  - Patent Disputes
    - Patent Disputes (Continued)
- DRIVING FORCE 2: IMPROVING BATTERY TECHNICAL MATURITY
- DRIVING FORCE 3: DEVELOPING NEW APPLICATIONS FOR LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERIES
- DRIVING FORCE 4: ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED BATTERIES
- Driving Force 4: (Continued)
- Driving Force 4 (Continued)
- Fullerenes
  - Fullerenes (Continued)
  - Conductive Polymers
TABLE 63 CONDUCTIVE POLYMER BATTERY ENERGY DENSITIES
- Battery Separators
- DRIVING FORCE 5: PUBLIC SECTOR R&D
TABLE 64 PUBLIC SECTOR R&D
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED)
- DRIVING FORCE 6: BATTERY QUALITY CONTROL AND PRODUCT SAFETY
  - The Manufacturing and Assembly Process
TABLE 65 GENERIC BATTERY MANUFACTURING TREE
- Product Safety Issues
  - Alternative Designs
  - Recent Lithium Battery Patents that Address Battery Safety
    - Recent ý (Continued)
- Material Safety Issues
  - Material Safety ý (Continued)
- MARKET SEGMENTATION AND INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION FACTORS
TABLE 66 LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY CONCENTRATION FACTORS
TABLE 66 (CONTINUED)
MARKET SEGMENTATION FACTORS
TABLE 67 LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET SEGMENTATION AND MARKET FORCES
TABLE 67 (CONTINUED)
TABLE 67 (CONTINUED)
INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT AND TRADE PRACTICES
TABLE 68 GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY COMPANIES AND IMPORTANT MANUFACTURING SITES
TABLE 68 (CONTINUED)
- DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
TABLE 69 LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
TABLE 69 (CONTINUED)
- INDUSTRY PURCHASING INFLUENCES
TABLE 70 LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY PURCHASING INFLUENCES
- RETAIL PRICE TRENDS
TABLE 71 TYPICAL RETAIL ADVANCED BATTERY PRICES, 1996-2007 ($)
Chapter 5 - COMPANY PROFILES AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
- A123SYSTEMS
  - A123SYSTEMS (CONTINUED)
  - A123SYSTEMS (CONTINUED)
  - A123SYSTEMS (CONTINUED)
  - A123SYSTEMS (CONTINUED)
AC DELCO
ACME ELECTRIC CORP.
ADVANCED BATTERY SYSTEMS
AEA TECHNOLOGY
ADVANCED BATTERY SYSTEMS
ADVANCED BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES, INC. (ABAT)
- ABAT (U.S.)
  - ABAT (Continued)
- ALCAD, LTD.
  - ALCAD, INC. (U.S.)
ALL POWER BATTERY
ALTAIR NANOTECHNOLOGIES
- ALTAIR NANOTECHNOLOGIES (CONTINUED)
- ALTAIR NANOTECHNOLOGIES (CONTINUED)
- ALTAIR NANOTECHNOLOGIES (CONTINUED)
AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER (AEP)
- AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER (AEP) (CONTINUED)
ANTIQUE AUTO BATTERY
APPLE COMPUTER, INC.
APPLIED POWER, INC.
ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY
AROTECH CORP.
- ELECTRIC FUEL BATTERY CORP.
- EPSILOR ELECTRONICS INDUSTRIES, LTD.
ARTHUR D. LITTLE, INC.
ATLANTIC BATTERY CO.
AVESTOR (HYDRO-QUÉBEC AND KERR MCGEE)
- AVESTOR ý (CONTINUED)
- AVESTOR ý (CONTINUED)
AXEON
- AXION POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC.
- BATTERY-BIZ
- BATTERY BUILDERS, INC. (BBI)
- BATTERY CLINIC, INC.
- BATTERYCORP
- BATTERY SYSTEMS, INC.
- BATTERY TECHNOLOGY, INC. (BTI)
- BELL CITY BATTERIES
- B.B. BATTERY
- BETA RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
- BOLDER TECHNOLOGIES (GP BATTERIES INTERNATIONAL)
- BOSTON-POWER
- BOUNDLESS CORP.
- BREN-TRONICS
- BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY
- BROWN UNIVERSITY
- BYD BATTERIES
- CADEX ELECTRONICS, INC.
- C&D TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
- CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY
- CELL-CON
- CHINA BAK BATTERY, INC.
- CHINA DIGITAL COMMUNICATION GROUP
- CHINA DIGITAL COMMUNICATION GROUP (USA)
- CONCORD BATTERY CORP.
- COVALENT ASSOCIATES, INC.
- CROWN BATTERY MANUFACTURING CO.
- CSB BATTERY OF AMERICA CORP.
- CYMBET CORP.
- DELPHI AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS
- DOUGLAS BATTERY MANUFACTURING CO.
- DYNACELL CORP.
- DYNO BATTERY, INC.
- EAGLEPICHER CORP.
- EAST PENN MANUFACTURING CO.
- ENERGY CONVERSION DEVICES (ECD OVONICS)
  - OVONIC BATTERY CO.
  - COBASYS
    - Cobasys (Continued)
    - Cobasys (Continued)
- EIC LABORATORIES
- ELECTRO ENERGY, INC.
  - ELECTRO ENERGY, INC. (CONTINUED)
  - ELECTRO ENERGY, INC. (CONTINUED)
- ELECTROVAYA (ELECTROFUEL)
  - ELECTROVAYA (ELECTROFUEL) (CONTINUED)
- ENER1, INC. (ENERDEL)
  - ENER1, INC. (ENERDEL) (CONTINUED)
- ENFUCELL
- E-ONE MOLI ENERGY
  - NEC
- ENERGIZER
- ENERIZE CORP.
- ENERSYS, INC.
  - ENERSYS, INC. (CONTINUED)
- ERGENICS
- EVERCEL, INC.
- EXCELLATRON SOLID STATE
- EXIDE TECHNOLOGIES
- EVEREXCEED INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
- EVIONYX, INC.
- FARASIS ENERGY
- FIAMM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
- FIREFLY ENERGY
  - FIREFLY ENERGY (CONTINUED)
  - FIREFLY ENERGY (CONTINUED)
- FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD.
- FURUKAWA BATTERY CO.
- GP BATTERIES (GOLD PEAK INTERNATIONAL)
- GREATBATCH, INC.
- HARDING ENERGY, INC.
- MAXELL WORLDWIDE
  - MAWELL CORPORATION OF AMERICA
- HONEYWELL BATTERIES
- HYB BATTERY CO., LTD. (HUA-YUE-BAO BATTERY)
- HYDRO-QUÉBEC
- HYMOTION
- HUANYU BATTERY
- IBM CORP.
- INDUSTRIAL BATTERY ENGINEERING
- INDUSTRIAL BATTERY PRODUCTS
- INFINITE POWER SOLUTIONS
- INNERGY POWER CORP. (AN ECOTALITY COMPANY)
  - INNERGY POWER CORP. ý (CONTINUED)
- IQ POWER AG
- JOHNSON CONTROLS
  - JOHNSON CONTROLS (CONTINUED)
- KEYSTONE BATTERY CORP.
- KOKAM AMERICA, INC.
- LG CHEM, LTD.
  - LG CHEM AMERICA, INC.
- LITHIUM POWER TECHNOLOGIES
- LITHIUM TECHNOLOGY CORP. (LTC)
  - GAIA AKKUMULATORENWERKE GMBH
- LITHIUM TECHNOLOGY CORP. (LTC) (CONTINUED)
- LITHIUM TECHNOLOGY CORP. (LTC) (CONTINUED)
- LITHIUM TECHNOLOGY CORP. (LTC) (CONTINUED)
MAGPOWER SYSTEMS, INC.
MARATHONNORCO AEROSPACE, INC.
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (MIT)
- MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE ý (CONTINUED)
MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. (PANASONIC)
- MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC CORP. OF AMERICA
- PANASONIC BATTERIES
MAXPOWER, INC.
MEDTRONIC, INC.
MES-DEA SA
MINIMAX ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
MOLTECH CORP.
MULTIPLIER INDUSTRIES
NAMIL BATTERY
- NAMIL BATTERY (U.S.)
NEC CORP. (E-ONE MOLI ENERGY)
- NEC CORP. (E-ONE MOLI ENERGY) (CONTINUED)
- NEC CORP. (E-ONE MOLI ENERGY) (CONTINUED)
NEXCELL BATTERY
NEXERGY
NGK INSULATORS
- NGK CERAMICS USA, INC.
NISSAN MOTOR CO.
OAK RIDGE MICRO-ENERGY, INC.
- OAK RIDGE MICRO-ENERGY, INC. (CONTINUED)
ODYNE CORP.
POLYPLUS BATTERY CO
POWER BATTERY CO.
POWERGENIX
POWER PAPER, LTD.
POWER SONIC CORP.
POWERZINC ELECTRIC, INC.
POWER TECHNOLOGY
- POWER TECHNOLOGY (U.S.)
PURE ENERGY VISIONS, INC. (ENERGY VISIONS, INC.)
QUALLION, LLC
RAE STORAGE BATTERY
RAMCAR
REACO BATTERY SERVICE CORP.
REGENESYS TECHNOLOGIES, LTD.
RENATA BATTERIES
RICARDO
ROLLS BATTERY ENGINEERING
SAFT
- SAFT AMERICA, INC.
  - Saft America, Inc. (Continued)
- SANYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
  - SANYO ELECTRIC CO. USA
- SEIKO ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, LTD.
- SETO HOLDINGS, INC.
- SHIN KOBE
- SOLICORE, INC.
  - SOLICORE, INC. (CONTINUED)
- SONY CORP.
  - SONY (USA.)
  - Sony (USA) (Continued)
  - Sony (USA) (Continued)
TABLE 72 COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL BATTERY AND NEXELION
- SRI INTERNATIONAL
- STORAGE BATTERY SYSTEMS, INC.
- SUPERIOR BATTERY MANUFACTURING
- SWIFT INDUSTRIAL POWER
- TADIRAN BATTERIES
  - TADIRAN BATTERIES (U.S.)
- TELCORDIA
- ENERGY STORAGE RESEARCH GROUP (ESRG)
- TIAX
- TELEDYNE CONTINENTAL
- TESLA MOTORS
  - TESLA MOTORS (CONTINUED)
- T/J TECHNOLOGIES
- TOSHIBA BATTERY CO., LTD.
  - TOSHIBA AMERICA, INC.
    - Toshiba America, Inc. (Continued)
- TNR TECHNICAL, INC.
- TRACER TECHNOLOGIES
- TROJAN BATTERY CO.
- TUNGSTONE BATTERIES, INC.
- ULTRALIFE BATTERIES, INC.
  - ULTRALIFE BATTERIES, INC. (CONTINUED)
- UNIROSS BATTERIES CORP.
  - UNIROSS BATTERIES CORP (U.S.)
- U.S. BATTERY MANUFACTURING CO.
- USCAR
- VALENCE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
  - VALENCE TECHNOLOGY, INC. (CONTINUED)
- VARTA AG (VARTA BATTERIES, INC.)
  - VARTA MICROBATTERY (USA)
- VOLTAFLEX
- VRB POWER SYSTEMS
  - VRB POWER SYSTEMS (CONTINUED)
  - VRB POWER SYSTEMS (CONTINUED)
- YARDNEY
- YUASA, INC. (GS YUASA CORP., YUASA BATTERY AMERICA, INC., YUASA-EXIDE, JAPAN STORAGE BATTERY)
  - JAPAN STORAGE BATTERY
    - Japan Storage Battery (Continued)
- ZBB ENERGY CORP.
- ZPOWER (ZINC MATRIX POWER)
  - ZPOWER (CONTINUED)

大型高性能電池的技術與市場

Large & Advanced Battery Technology & Markets

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

SCOPE OF STUDY

METHODOLOGY

Table of Contents