Abstract
The meter market is in an expansionist and innovative phase. It is at a point of fundamental technological change with the introduction of advanced or intelligent metering. This has immediate consequences for new meters but it also has long term implications for the meter market because of the different service lives of mechanical and solid state meters. In this new edition of the Multi Meters Report we have expanded the coverage of the marketing profiles to look at some interesting new countries which are presenting growing opportunities but have been rather neglected in the past. These include large market like Turkey, Iran, Vietnam and Indonesia which have not received so much attention in the past. They also include smaller markets like Poland, and the Czech Republic where long established meter companies are looking to expand their export business and are making a bid for a global presence. The market profiles in the report are expanded to review 14 new countries in the electricity section, 8 new countries in the gas section and 4 new countries in the water section. The report now contains reviews of the meter markets in 29 countries (29 electricity, 22 gas and 19 water).
The report contains the following key information:
Market analysis and meter types
- Analysis of the installed base of electricity, gas and water meters by country
- Analysis of meters by type- watt-hour meters: electromechanical/solid state, gas flowmeters: mechanical/turbine/orifice/ultrasonic, water flowmeters mechanical (volumetric/velocimetric)/electromagnetic/ultrasonic
- Future trends of electromechanical/solid state meter deployment
- Development of new electronic meter production in each sector; electricity, gas, water
Table of Contents
Table of Figures
Table of Tables
1. Executive Summary
- Evolution in the meter market
- The installed base of all utility meters and demand
- Electricity meters installed base and demand
- Gas meters installed base and demand
- Water meters installed base and demand
- Trends in the electricity meter sector, electromechanical and solid state meters
- Trends in the gas meter sector
- Trends in the water meter sector, positive displacement and velocimetric meters
- AMR - AMI
- Manufacturers and the metering value chain
- Electricity meter companies
- Gas meter companies
- Water meter companies
- Metrology regulations and type approval
2. Meter Population and Demand
- Electricity
- Gas
- Water
3. Demand Drivers
- New household connections
- New commercial and industrial connections
- Replacement of aging meters
- Other gas market trends
- Conversion from electromechanical to basic solid state meters
- Up-grading to advanced meters
- Prepayment meters
- The metrics of the meter market
4. Market shares by company
- The origins of the metering industry - electricity, gas and water
- Landis & Gyr
- Actaris
- Elster Group
- The metering industry in mid-2007
- Elster Group - No 1 with revenue of $1,784 million
- Itron - Actaris - No 2 with revenue of $1,659 million
- Bayard Group - No 3 with revenue of $1.2 billion
- Electricity meter companies
- Electricity meter market shares in Europe
- Iskraemeco (Iskra)
- Other electricity meter companies
- Chinese electricity meter manufacturers
- Electricity meter market shares in the USA and Canada
- Electricity meter market shares in China
- Electricity meter market shares in Japan
- Electricity meter market shares in Brazil
- Electricity meter market shares in Indonesia
- Electricity meter market shares in Mexico
- Electricity meter market shares in Iran
- Gas meter companies
- Europe
- United States
- China
- India
- Japan
- Water meter companies
- Meter trends and installed base of meters
- Electricity meters, electromechanical and solid state
- Installed base of electromechanical and solid state meters
- Future shipments of solid state meters
- Accounting treatment of in-service meters
- The global installed base of electromechanical meters
- Gas meter trends
- Water meter trends
- Mechanical metering
- Domestic Metering
- Non-mechanical metering
5. Sub-metering
- Trends in water metering incidence in single family households and
apartments
- Water scarcity and conservation
- Sector reform and market liberalisation
- Price structures
- Full cost recovery
- Market liberalisation
- Multiple objectives
- Demand side management
- Metering and sub-metering trends
- CIS countries
- Country Profiles
6. Bulgaria - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity Meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Utility Background
7. Czech Republic - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Other meter suppliers include:
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
8. France - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity Meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- Tariff system
- AMR - AMI
- Standards
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Billing
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
9. Germany - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state
- Market trend
- Prices
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants and manufacturers
- Utility background and market characteristics
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- Market trend
- Prices
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Households
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Meter market participants
- Prices
- Utility background
10. Hungary - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility Background
11. Italy - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend - AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants and manufacturers
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
12. Netherlands - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval
- Verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
13. Poland - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water Meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR - AMM
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
- Utilities
- Water prices and regulation
- Foreign investment in the water and waste sector in Poland
- Private Polish participation
14. Romania - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
15. Russia - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval and verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Generation companies
- Transmission and distribution
- Retail companies
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Market development
- Type approval and verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval and certification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
- The current water sector in Russia and the CIS
- Foreign water companies involved in Russia
- Russian private water companies
16. Spain - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state
- Market Trend
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
17. Sweden - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI
- AMR market shares
- Camera meter reader
- Scandinavian developments
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
18. Turkey - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- Prepayment
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Inspection and verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval
- Inspection and verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Inspection and verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
19. United Kingdom - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity Meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state
- Credit and prepayment meters
- AMR - AMI
- Historical barriers
- Standards
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Prices
- Market participants
- Market shares, prepayment meters
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants and shares
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Re-verification and inspection
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
20. Argentina - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval and verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual Demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval and certification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
21. Brazil - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual demand
- Market trend
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state
- Tariff system
- AMR - AMI
- Energy theft
- Type approval
- Market access
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
22. Canada - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state
- Meter life
- Market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Electricity standards
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Implications for manufacturers
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Inspections and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual Meter Demand
- AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Water payment practices
- Meter market participants
- Conforming meters
- Utility background
23. Mexico - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, market trends
- Electromechanical meters
- Solid state meters
- AMR - AMI
- Electricity standards
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Downstream: transportation, distribution and storage
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual Meter Demand
- Meter Types
- AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
24. United States - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state
- Market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Leading AMR suppliers, market shares
- Electricity standards
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
- Developing metrological standards
- Regulating the devices used for meter testing
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Standards, type approval and certification
- The natural gas measurement jurisdictions
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Re-verification
- Market participants and shares
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual Demand
- Meter Types
- AMR
- National Standards
- Type approval and certification
- Type approval
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
25. Australia - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- Meter regulations
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- Meter regulations
- Initial verification
- Re-verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
26. China - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- Market trend
- Prices
- Tariffs
- Prepayment meters
- AMR - AMI
- Standards
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Market trend - development of the natural gas market in
- Exploration and transmission
- Internal market development and distribution
- Market factors for natural gas
- Natural gas prices and effect on development
- Relations with customers
- Metering, pricing and billing
- Connection fee
- Utility background
- Standards
- Type approval and verification
- Market participants
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual demand
- Demand growth
- Factors affecting water meter demand
- Macro economic statistics
- Water crisis
- Parallel forecasts
- Meter types and trends
- AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Price
- Meter market participants
- Water sector background
- Municipal water supply infrastructure
- Industrial water supply infrastructure
- New Water Resource Law
- Water supply
- Water sector reform
- Municipal water price
- Foreign investment
- Imported products
27. India - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Households, electricity customer, and metered customers in India
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state
- Market trend
- Demographic trend
- Metering trend
- Prices
- AMR - AMI
- Metering regulations
- Type approval
- Standards
- Calibration and periodic testing
- Inter-face meters
- Consumer meters
- Energy accounting and audit meters
- New technologies
- Accredited laboratories and testing facilities
- Market participants
- Solid state meters
- Electromechanical meters
- Imported meters
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Gas distribution companies
- Water meters
- Residential access to piped water
- Water connections and meter penetration
- Connections in all urban India
- Annual Demand
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
- The current state of urban water provision
- Pricing of water
28. Indonesia - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- Prepayment meters
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
29. Japan - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state
- AMR - AMI
- Tokyo Electric Power Company
- Shikoku Electric Power Company in Japan
- Kyushu Electric Power Co
- Standards
- Type approval
- Initial verification and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand for both city gas and LPG
- The gas market in Japan
- Piped city gas
- LPG
- Safety problems
- Meter types
- New ultrasonic meter for residential use
- Commercial and industrial
- Market trend
- AMI - AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
- Water meters
- Water meter penetration of dwellings
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Market factors
- Meter types
- AMR
- Type approval and verification
- Meter market participants
- Utility background
30. Malaysia - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI - MDM (Meter data management)
- Prepayment meters
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
31. Taiwan - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
32. Thailand - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter Types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
33. Vietnam - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR
- Type approval
- Initial verification
- Inspection and re-verification
- Defective meters
- Major participants
- Utility background
34. Iran - Meter Market Profile
- Electricity meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types - electromechanical, solid state, and market trend
- AMR - AMI
- Standards and type approval
- Type approval
- Initial verification, inspection and re-verification
- Major participants
- Utility background
- Gas meters
- Customers
- Annual meter demand
- Meter types
- AMI - AMR
- Standards and type approval
- Type approval
- Initial verification, inspection and re-verification
- Market participants
- Utility background
35. Advanced Metering
- Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) / Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)
- The origins and history of advanced metering
- AMR, Automatic Meter Reading
- MDMS, Meter Data Management System
- Evolution of metering technology
- Reasons for deploying advanced metering
- Regulatory direction
- Customer benefits
- Customer Service
- Economic value
- Electric and gas supply operations
- Costs for AMI
- Meter Reading Technologies
- Handheld meter reading, with or without AMR
- Mobile AMR
- Fixed network AMR
- Means of fixed network communication
- RF, Radio Frequency
- Cellular
- PLC, Power Line Carrier
- Telephone / Internet
- Other means of AMR communication
- Cost benefit analysis of AMR methods of communication
- Demand response
- Deployment of AMR
- Electricity, Water or Gas
- Effect of Size
- Leading US AMR Suppliers
- Itron
- Cellnet Data Systems, Inc.
- Hunt Technologies Inc
- DCSI, Distribution Control Systems Inc
- Leach Industries
- Echelon Corporation
- Other major AMR vendors
- Major US AMR manufacturers' market shares
- Some Non-US AMR Companies
36. Metrology, standards, type approval and verification
- Legislation for measuring instruments
- Type approval
- Verification and testing
- National metrology institutes
- Designated national laboratories
- Accredited laboratories
- Global metrology infrastructure
- ILAC
- OIML
- Regional metrology infrastructures
- Europe
- Accreditation - EA
- Legal metrology - WELMEC
- EU legislation for measuring instruments
- EU controlled measuring instruments
- EU - MID - Measuring Instruments Directive
- The producer' s responsibility
- The government' s responsibility
- Market surveillance
- Americas Infrastructure
- SIM, Inter American Metrology System
- Legal Metrology
- Accreditation - IAAC
- Asia Pacific Infrastructure
- APMP, Asia Pacific Metrology Programme
- Accreditation - APLAC
- CIS, Central Asia Infrastructure
- COOMET, Cooperation Metrologique for Euro Asia
- African Infrastructure
- SADC
- SADCMET, SADC Cooperation in Measurement Traceability
- Accreditation - SADCA
- Legal Metrology - SADCMEL
37. Standards
- International Standards
- Electricity meter standards
- Terminology
- IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
- ANSI - American National Standards Institute
- Gas meter standards
- Water meter standards
- National Standards
- ANSI - American National Standards Institute
- BSI - British Standards Institution
- DIN - Deutsches Institut fur Normung e. V.
38. Methodology and Technical Notes
- 1. Creation and maintenance of the ABS Metering Database of statistics and market commentary.
- 2. Compilation and analysis of official statistics for creation of the installed base and to define the metrics of annual demand and projections
- 3. Market estimation and projections using official statistics and the metrics of annual demand and projections in four stages
- 4. Validation with known demand data and industry interviews
- 1. ABS Metering Database of statistics and market commentary
- Literature search
- Regulators
- National energy projections and demand forecasts
- Government enquiries
- Competition authorities
- Parliamentary questions and enquiries
- SEC Filings
- Metrological Bureaux
- Trade Associations
- Socio / economic studies
- Submetering
- Company reports and presentations
- Press
- Electricity
- Gas
- Water
- 2. Compilation an analysis of official statistics for creation of the
installed base and to define metrics of annual demand and projections
- Households' population of each country
- Economic data
- Electricity customers
- Meter production statistics
- Import / export statistics
- 3. Market estimation and projections using official statistics and the
metrics of annual demand and projections in four stages
- 3.1 The installed base of electricity meters in 2006
- 3.1.1 Utility reports of numbers of customers
- 3.1.2 National government or industry associations reporting numbers of customers
- 3.1.3 Regional associations
- 3.1.4 Miscellaneous reports
- 3.1.5 Household statistics multiplied by electrification, gasification and water access
- 3. 2 Theoretical calculation of annual demand for new meters in 2006
- 3.2.1 New residential installations
- 3.2.2 New C&I installations
- 3.2.3 Residential replacements
- 3.2.4 C&I replacements
- 3.2.5 Up-grading from electromechanical to electronic or to advanced meters
- 3.2.6 Imports and exports
- 3.3 Specific reports of annual meter demand
- 3.4 Forecasting for 2007 to 2011
- 3.4.1 Growth in residential meter demand
- 3.4.2 Growth in C&I meter demand
- 3.4.3 Value estimates
- 3.1 The installed base of electricity meters in 2006
- 4. Validation with known demand data and industry interviews
- 1. ABS Metering Database of statistics and market commentary
39. Meter Types
- Electricity meter type
- Electromechanical induction meters, also called mechanical or Ferraris meters
- Solid state, also called static, or electronic
- Digital meters
- Time of use meters (TOU)
- Demand meters
- Demand Response
- AMR - Automatic Meter Reading
- Advanced meters
- AMI - Advanced Metering Infrastructure
- ‘Smart' meters
- MDM, Meter Data Management
- Communication modules
- Gas meter type
- Diaphragm / bellows meters
- Rotary meters
- Turbine meters
- Orifice meters
- Ultrasonic flow meters
- Coriolis meters
- Turndown ratio and rangeability
- Typical turndown ratio of various meter types
- ‘Smart' / advanced meters
- Heating value
- Water meter type
- Positive displacement meters
- Velocity or velocimetric water meters
- Multi jet meters
- Turbine meters
- Woltman meters
- Compound meters
- Electromagnetic meters
